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Barbier E, Carpentier J, Simonin O, Gosset P, Platel A, Happillon M, Alleman LY, Perdrix E, Riffault V, Chassat T, Lo Guidice JM, Anthérieu S, Garçon G. Oxidative stress and inflammation induced by air pollution-derived PM 2.5 persist in the lungs of mice after cessation of their sub-chronic exposure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 181:108248. [PMID: 37857188 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
More than 7 million early deaths/year are attributable to air pollution. Current health concerns are especially focused on air pollution-derived particulate matter (PM). Although oxidative stress-induced airway inflammation is one of the main adverse outcome pathways triggered by air pollution-derived PM, the persistence of both these underlying mechanisms, even after exposure cessation, remained poorly studied. In this study, A/JOlaHsd mice were also exposed acutely (24 h) or sub-chronically (4 weeks), with or without a recovery period (12 weeks), to two urban PM2.5 samples collected during contrasting seasons (i.e., autumn/winter, AW or spring/summer, SS). The distinct intrinsic oxidative potentials (OPs) of AW and SS PM2.5, as evaluated in acellular conditions, were closely related to their respective physicochemical characteristics and their respective ability to really generate ROS over-production in the mouse lungs. Despite the early activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) cell signaling pathway by AW and, in a lesser degree, SS PM2.5, in the murine lungs after acute and sub-chronic exposures, the critical redox homeostasis was not restored, even after the exposure cessation. Accordingly, an inflammatory response was reported through the activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) cell signaling pathway activation, the secretion of cytokines, and the recruitment of inflammatory cells, in the murine lungs after the acute and sub-chronic exposures to AW and, in a lesser extent, to SS PM2.5, which persisted after the recovery period. Taken together, these original results provided, for the first time, new relevant insights that air pollution-derived PM2.5, with relatively high intrinsic OPs, induced oxidative stress and inflammation, which persisted admittedly at a lower level in the lungs after the exposure cessation, thereby contributing to the occurrence of molecular and cellular adverse events leading to the development and/or exacerbation of future chronic inflammatory lung diseases and even cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Barbier
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR4483-IMPECS, France
| | - Jessica Carpentier
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR4483-IMPECS, France
| | - Ophélie Simonin
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR4483-IMPECS, France
| | - Pierre Gosset
- Service d'Anatomo-pathologie, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul, Lille, France
| | - Anne Platel
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR4483-IMPECS, France
| | - Mélanie Happillon
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR4483-IMPECS, France
| | - Laurent Y Alleman
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, Lille, France
| | - Esperanza Perdrix
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, Lille, France
| | - Véronique Riffault
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, Lille, France
| | - Thierry Chassat
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Plateforme d'Expérimentation et de Haute Technologie Animale, Lille, France
| | | | | | - Guillaume Garçon
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR4483-IMPECS, France.
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Guascito MR, Lionetto MG, Mazzotta F, Conte M, Giordano ME, Caricato R, De Bartolomeo AR, Dinoi A, Cesari D, Merico E, Mazzotta L, Contini D. Characterisation of the correlations between oxidative potential and in vitro biological effects of PM 10 at three sites in the central Mediterranean. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130872. [PMID: 36716558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is one of the major risks for global health. The exact mechanisms of toxicity are still not completely understood leading to contrasting results when different toxicity metrics are compared. In this work, PM10 was collected at three sites for the determination of acellular oxidative potential (OP), intracellular oxidative stress (OSGC), cytotoxicity (MTT assay), and genotoxicity (Comet assay). The in vitro tests were done on the A549 cell line. The objective was to investigate the correlations among acellular and intracellular toxicity indicators, the variability among the sites, and how these correlations were influenced by the main sources by using PMF receptor model coupled with MLR. The OPDTTV, OSGCV, and cytotoxicity were strongly influenced by combustion sources. Advection of African dust led to lower-than-average intrinsic toxicity indicators. OPDTTV and OSGCV showed site-dependent correlations suggesting that acellular OP may not be fully representative of the intracellular oxidative stress at all sites and conditions. Cytotoxicity correlated with both OPDTTV and OSGCV at two sites out of three and the strength of the correlation was larger with OSGCV. Genotoxicity was correlated with cytotoxicity at all sites and correlated with both, OPDTTV and OSGCV, at two sites out of three. Results suggest that several toxicity indicators are useful to gain a global picture of the potential health effects of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rachele Guascito
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, Lecce 73100, Italy; Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC-CNR, Str. Prv. Lecce-Monteroni km 1.2, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Lionetto
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Franco Mazzotta
- Studio Effemme Chimica Applicata, s.r.l. Via Pio XII, 73018 Squinzano, Italy
| | - Marianna Conte
- Laboratory for Observations and Analyses of Earth and Climate, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Giordano
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Roberto Caricato
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Anna Rita De Bartolomeo
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Adelaide Dinoi
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC-CNR, Str. Prv. Lecce-Monteroni km 1.2, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Daniela Cesari
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC-CNR, Str. Prv. Lecce-Monteroni km 1.2, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Eva Merico
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC-CNR, Str. Prv. Lecce-Monteroni km 1.2, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Laura Mazzotta
- Studio Effemme Chimica Applicata, s.r.l. Via Pio XII, 73018 Squinzano, Italy
| | - Daniele Contini
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC-CNR, Str. Prv. Lecce-Monteroni km 1.2, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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Giannossa LC, Cesari D, Merico E, Dinoi A, Mangone A, Guascito MR, Contini D. Inter-annual variability of source contributions to PM 10, PM 2.5, and oxidative potential in an urban background site in the central mediterranean. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115752. [PMID: 35982560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter (PM) is studied because of its effects on human health and climate change. PM long-term characterisation allows identifying trends and evaluating the outcomes of environmental protection policies. This work is aimed to study the inter-annual variability of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations and chemical composition in an urban background site (Italy). A dataset of daily PM2.5 and PM10 was collected in the period 2016-2017, including the content of OC, EC, major water-soluble ions, main metals, and compared to a similar dataset collected in the period 2013-2014. Oxidative potential using DTT assay (dithiothreitol) was evaluated and expressed in DTTV as 0.39 nmol/min·m3 in PM10 and 0.29 in PM2.5 nmol/min·m3. PM source apportionment was computed using the EPA PMF5.0 model and source contributions compared with those of a previous dataset collected between 2013 and 2014. Multi linear regression analysis identified which source contributed (p < 0.05) to the oxidative potential of each size fraction. Inter-annual trends were more evident on PM2.5 with reductions of biomass burning contribution and increases in traffic contribution in the 2016-2017 period. Crustal contributions were similar for the two periods, in both size fractions. Carbonates were comparable in PM10 with a slight increase in PM2.5. Sea spray decreased in PM10. The DTTV of PM2.5 peaked during cold periods, while, the DTTV of the PM10-2.5 fraction peaked in summer, suggesting that different sources, with different seasonality, influence OP in the PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 fractions. Analysis showed that sea spray, crustal, and carbonates sources contribute ∼13.6% to DTTV in PM2.5 and ∼62.4% to DTTV in PM10-2.5. Combustion sources (biomass burning and traffic) contribute to the majority of DTTV (50.6%) in PM2.5 and contribute for ∼26% to DTTV in PM10-2.5. Secondary nitrate contributes to DTTV in both fine and coarse fraction; secondary sulphate contribute to DTTV in PM2.5 with negligible contributions to DTTV in PM10-2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Cesari
- Italy National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Lecce, 73100, Italy.
| | - Eva Merico
- Italy National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Adelaide Dinoi
- Italy National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Annarosa Mangone
- University of Bari Aldo Moro, Department of Chemistry, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Rachele Guascito
- Italy National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Lecce, 73100, Italy; Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Daniele Contini
- Italy National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Lecce, 73100, Italy
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Early Spread of COVID-19 in the Air-Polluted Regions of Eight Severely Affected Countries. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12060795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 escalated into a pandemic posing several humanitarian as well as scientific challenges. We here investigated the geographical character of the early spread of the infection and correlated it with several annual satellite and ground indexes of air quality in China, the United States, Italy, Iran, France, Spain, Germany, and the United Kingdom. The time of the analysis corresponded with the end of the first wave infection in China, namely June 2020. We found more viral infections in those areas afflicted by high PM 2.5 and nitrogen dioxide values. Higher mortality was also correlated with relatively poor air quality. In Italy, the correspondence between the Po Valley pollution and SARS-CoV-2 infections and induced mortality was the starkest, originating right in the most polluted European area. Spain and Germany did not present a noticeable gradient of pollution levels causing non-significant correlations. Densely populated areas were often hotspots of lower air quality levels but were not always correlated with a higher viral incidence. Air pollution has long been recognised as a high risk factor for several respiratory-related diseases and conditions, and it now appears to be a risk factor for COVID-19 as well. As such, air pollution should always be included as a factor for the study of airborne epidemics and further included in public health policies.
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