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Ward SA, Pluske JR, Plush KJ, Pluske JM, Rikard-Bell CV. Assessing Decision Support Tools for Mitigating Tail Biting in Pork Production: Current Progress and Future Directions. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:224. [PMID: 38254393 PMCID: PMC10812681 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tail biting (TB) in pigs is a complex issue that can be caused by multiple factors, making it difficult to determine the exact etiology on a case-by-case basis. As such, it is often difficult to pinpoint the reason, or set of reasons, for TB events, Decision Support Tools (DSTs) can be used to identify possible risk factors of TB on farms and provide suitable courses of action. The aim of this review was to identify DSTs that could be used to predict the risk of TB behavior. Additionally, technologies that can be used to support DSTs, with monitoring and tracking the prevalence of TB behaviors, are reviewed. Using the PRISMA methodology to identify sources, the applied selection process found nine DSTs related to TB in pigs. All support tools relied on secondary information, either by way of the scientific literature or expert opinions, to determine risk factors for TB predictions. Only one DST was validated by external sources, seven were self-assessed by original developers, and one presented no evidence of validation. This analysis better understands the limitations of DSTs and highlights an opportunity for the development of DSTs that rely on objective data derived from the environment, animals, and humans simultaneously to predict TB risks. Moreover, an opportunity exists for the incorporation of monitoring technologies for TB detection into a DST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia A. Ward
- Australasian Pork Research Institute Ltd., Willaston, SA 5118, Australia; (J.R.P.); (C.V.R.-B.)
| | - John R. Pluske
- Australasian Pork Research Institute Ltd., Willaston, SA 5118, Australia; (J.R.P.); (C.V.R.-B.)
- Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | | | - Charles V. Rikard-Bell
- Australasian Pork Research Institute Ltd., Willaston, SA 5118, Australia; (J.R.P.); (C.V.R.-B.)
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Çinar G, Dragoni F, Ammon C, Belik V, van der Weerden TJ, Noble A, Hassouna M, Amon B. Effects of environmental and housing system factors on ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from cattle barns: A meta-analysis of a global data collation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 172:60-70. [PMID: 37714011 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
This study provides a meta-analysis on the relationships between cattle barn CH4, NH3 and N2O emission rates and their key drivers (i.e., housing type, floor type, environmental conditions). Understanding these relationships is essential to reduce uncertainties in emission inventories and suggest targeted mitigation measures. The total number of daily emission rates included in the analysis was 139 for CH4, 293 for NH3 and 100 for N2O emissions. Emission rates in the database showed a large variation with 45-803.5 g/LU d-1 for CH4, 0.036-146.7 gN LU-1 d-1 for NH3, and 0.002-18 gN LU-1 d-1 for N2O emissions. Despite the high emission variability, significant effects were identified·NH3 showed positive correlation with air temperature; NH3 emissions differed between housing types but not between floor types·NH3 emissions from tied stalls were lower than the ones from cubicle housing regardless of the floor type. Additionally, NH3 emissions from loose housings were lower than the ones from cubicle housing·NH3 and N2O emission rates from temperate wet zones were lower than the ones from temperate dry zones. CH4 emission rates were affected by environmental factors only and not by housing and floor type, showing negative correlation with air temperature and humidity. The factors investigated can be suggested as ancillary variables and descriptors when cattle barn emissions are measured, in order to make best use of emission data. Country-specific data of these key drivers can be included into national inventories to adapt them to different agroecosystems and support targeted policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gültac Çinar
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag 7-13, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Federico Dragoni
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Christian Ammon
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Vitaly Belik
- Veterinary Epidemiology and Biometry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 67, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Alasdair Noble
- AgResearch Ltd, Lincoln Research Centre, Lincoln 7674, New Zealand
| | | | - Barbara Amon
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; University of Zielona Góra, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environmental Engineering, 65-417 Zielona Góra, Poland
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Choi LY, Lee SY, Jeong H, Park J, Hong SW, Kwon KS, Song M. Ammonia and Particulate Matter Emissions at a Korean Commercial Pig Farm and Influencing Factors. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3347. [PMID: 37958103 PMCID: PMC10649674 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying emission factors of ammonia and particulate matter (PM) in livestock production systems is crucial for assessing and mitigating the environmental impact of animal production and for ensuring industry sustainability. This study aimed to determine emission factors of ammonia, total suspended particles (TSPs), PM10, and PM2.5 for piglets and growing-finishing pigs at a commercial pig farm in Korea. It also sought to identify factors influencing these emission factors. The research found that the emission factors measured were generally lower than those currently used in Korea, but were consistent with findings from individual research studies in the literature. Seasonal variations were observed, with ammonia emissions peaking in spring and autumn, and PM emissions rising in summer. Correlation analyses indicated that the number of animals and their average age correlated positively with both ammonia and PM emission factors. Ventilation rate was also positively correlated with PM emissions. Future extended field measurements across diverse pig farms will offer deeper insights into the emission factors of pig farms in Korea, guiding the development of sustainable livestock management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lak-yeong Choi
- Department of Rural and Bio-Systems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (L.-y.C.); (S.-y.L.); (H.J.)
- Education and Research Unit for Climate-Smart Reclaimed-Tideland Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Se-yeon Lee
- Department of Rural and Bio-Systems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (L.-y.C.); (S.-y.L.); (H.J.)
- Education and Research Unit for Climate-Smart Reclaimed-Tideland Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hanna Jeong
- Department of Rural and Bio-Systems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (L.-y.C.); (S.-y.L.); (H.J.)
- Education and Research Unit for Climate-Smart Reclaimed-Tideland Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jinseon Park
- Education and Research Unit for Climate-Smart Reclaimed-Tideland Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
- AgriBio Institute of Climate Change Management, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-woon Hong
- Department of Rural and Bio-Systems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (L.-y.C.); (S.-y.L.); (H.J.)
- Education and Research Unit for Climate-Smart Reclaimed-Tideland Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
- AgriBio Institute of Climate Change Management, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Seok Kwon
- Animal Environment Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea;
| | - Mijung Song
- Department of Environment and Energy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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