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Medenica S, Miladinović-Tasić N, Stojanović NM, Lakićević N, Rakočević B. Climate Variables Related to the Incidence of Human Leishmaniosis in Montenegro in Southeastern Europe during Seven Decades (1945-2014). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1656. [PMID: 36767024 PMCID: PMC9914530 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniosis (or leishmaniasis) is a neglected parasitosis most commonly transmitted by the sandfly bite. Changes in temperature, precipitation, and humidity can greatly affect the vectors and reservoir hosts. This study aimed to determine the association between temperature, air humidity, and weather conditions with the incidence of leishmaniasis in Montenegro during a seven-decade period (1945-2014) and to statistically compare and correlate the obtained data. In the studied period, there were 165 registered cases of leishmaniosis, 96.4%, in the coastal and central region of Montenegro, with an average incidence rate of 0.45/100.000. The visceral form of leishmaniosis predominated (99% of the cases), with only one case of cutaneous disease. Climate factors (average temperature, air humidity, and precipitation) had an impact on the occurrence of leishmaniosis in Montenegro. Air temperature elevated by 1 °C in all regions of Montenegro was significantly correlated with an increased incidence of leishmaniosis, by 0.150 (0.013 to 0.287; p < 0.05). In order to improve prevention and control of this disease, it is also necessary to investigate other factors with a possible impact on the number of cases of this neglected parasitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Medenica
- Public Health Institute Podgorica, 81110 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Nataša Miladinović-Tasić
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
- Center of Microbiology, Public Health Institute Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Nikola M. Stojanović
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
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López-Mercadal J, Barretto Bruno Wilke A, Barceló C, Miranda MA. Evidence of Wing Shape Sexual Dimorphism in Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus in Mallorca, Spain. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.569034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) is a highly invasive species widely distributed on the Spanish Mediterranean coast and the Balearic archipelago. Most studies involving this species in Spain have been focused on surveillance and control methods. However, micro-evolutionary studies for Ae. albopictus in Spain have been traditionally neglected. Morphological diversity could be the result of long-term evolutionary diversification in responses to selective pressures such as temperature, precipitation, food availability, predation, or competition that may influence flight activity, host-seeking, and blood-feeding behavior. Wing geometric morphometric have been used not only to study micro- and macro-evolution in mosquitoes but also in studies of population structuring and sexual dimorphism. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to investigate the wing shape patterns of Ae. albopictus populations to unveil sexual dimorphism that could provide information about their ecology and behavior. Mosquito eggs were collected using oviposition traps at the main campus of the University of the Balearic Islands (Palma de Mallorca, Spain) and reared under laboratory conditions. In order to study wing shape variation patterns in Ae. albopictus males and females, the left wing of each adult mosquito was removed and analyzed based on 18 landmarks. Our results indicated strong levels of sexual dimorphism between Ae. albopictus males and females. Furthermore, according to the cross-validated reclassification test, males were correctly distinguished from females with an accuracy of 84% and females from males 75%. We observed a significant sexual dimorphism in the wing shape patterns of Ae. albopictus when considering different seasonal patterns (spring vs. autumn). Our results suggested that selective pressures may affect males differently to females. Host-seeking, blood-feeding, and oviposition behavior of females may act as a major driver for wing shape sexual dimorphism. These results should be considered for the development of more effective and targeted mosquito control strategies.
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Petrić M, Ducheyne E, Gossner CM, Marsboom C, Nicolas G, Venail R, Hendrickx G, Schaffner F. Seasonality and timing of peak abundance of <em>Aedes albopictus</em> in Europe: Implications to public and animal health. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2021; 16. [PMID: 34000791 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2021.996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus is a known vector of dengue and chikungunya. Understanding the population dynamics characteristics of vector species is of pivotal importance to optimise surveillance and control activities, to estimate risk for pathogen-transmission, and thus to enhance support of public health decisions. In this paper we used a seasonal activity model to simulate the start (spring hatching) and end (autumn diapause) of the vector season. In parallel, the peak abundance of the species was assessed using both VectorNet field survey data complemented with field studies obtained from literature across the Mediterranean Basin. Our results suggest that spring hatching of eggs in the current distribution area can start at the beginning of March in southern Europe and in April in western Europe. In northern Europe, where the species is not (yet) present, spring hatching would occur from late April to late May. Aedes albopictus can remain active up to 41 weeks in southern Europe whilst the climatic conditions in northern Europe are limiting its potential activity to a maximum of 23 weeks. The peak of egg density is found during summer months from end of July until end of September. During these two months the climatic conditions for species development are optimal, which implies a higher risk for arbovirus transmission by Ae. albopictus and occurrence of epidemics.
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Sherpa S, Guéguen M, Renaud J, Blum MGB, Gaude T, Laporte F, Akiner M, Alten B, Aranda C, Barre‐Cardi H, Bellini R, Bengoa Paulis M, Chen X, Eritja R, Flacio E, Foxi C, Ishak IH, Kalan K, Kasai S, Montarsi F, Pajović I, Petrić D, Termine R, Turić N, Vazquez‐Prokopec GM, Velo E, Vignjević G, Zhou X, Després L. Predicting the success of an invader: Niche shift versus niche conservatism. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:12658-12675. [PMID: 31788205 PMCID: PMC6875661 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive species can encounter environments different from their source populations, which may trigger rapid adaptive changes after introduction (niche shift hypothesis). To test this hypothesis, we investigated whether postintroduction evolution is correlated with contrasting environmental conditions between the European invasive and source ranges in the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus. The comparison of environmental niches occupied in European and source population ranges revealed more than 96% overlap between invasive and source niches, supporting niche conservatism. However, we found evidence for postintroduction genetic evolution by reanalyzing a published ddRADseq genomic dataset from 90 European invasive populations using genotype-environment association (GEA) methods and generalized dissimilarity modeling (GDM). Three loci, among which a putative heat-shock protein, exhibited significant allelic turnover along the gradient of winter precipitation that could be associated with ongoing range expansion. Wing morphometric traits weakly correlated with environmental gradients within Europe, but wing size differed between invasive and source populations located in different climatic areas. Niche similarities between source and invasive ranges might have facilitated the establishment of populations. Nonetheless, we found evidence for environmental-induced adaptive changes after introduction. The ability to rapidly evolve observed in invasive populations (genetic shift) together with a large proportion of unfilled potential suitable areas (80%) pave the way to further spread of Ae. albopictus in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Sherpa
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA)CNRSUniversité Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance
| | - Maya Guéguen
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA)CNRSUniversité Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance
| | - Julien Renaud
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA)CNRSUniversité Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance
| | - Michael G. B. Blum
- Laboratoire Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité (TIMC‐IMAG)CNRSUniversité Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance
| | - Thierry Gaude
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA)CNRSUniversité Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance
| | - Frédéric Laporte
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA)CNRSUniversité Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance
| | - Mustafa Akiner
- Department of BiologyFaculty of Arts and SciencesRecep Tayyip Erdogan UniversityFenerTurkey
| | - Bulent Alten
- Vector Ecology Research Group (VERG)Ecological Sciences Research LaboratoriesDepartment of BiologyFaculty of ScienceHacettepe UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Carles Aranda
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA IRTA)BarcelonaSpain
- Servei de Control de MosquitsConsell Comarcal del Baix LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
| | - Hélène Barre‐Cardi
- Observatoire Conservatoire des Insectes de CorseOffice de l'Environnement de la CorseCortiFrance
| | - Romeo Bellini
- Department of Medical and Veterinary EntomologyCentro Agricoltura Ambiente “G.Nicoli”CrevalcoreItaly
| | | | - Xiao‐Guang Chen
- Department of Pathogen BiologySchool of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuang ZhouChina
| | - Roger Eritja
- Servei de Control de MosquitsConsell Comarcal del Baix LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
| | - Eleonora Flacio
- Laboratorio Microbiologia ApplicataDipartimento Ambiente Costruzioni e DesignScuola Universitaria Professionale della Svizzera ItalianaPorzaSwitzerland
| | - Cipriano Foxi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna “G. Pegreffi”SassariItaly
| | - Intan H. Ishak
- School of Biological SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaPenangMalaysia
| | - Katja Kalan
- Department of BiodiversityFaculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information TechnologiesUniversity of PrimorskaKoperSlovenia
| | - Shinji Kasai
- Department of Medical EntomologyNational Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyoJapan
| | - Fabrizio Montarsi
- Laboratory of ParasitologyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle VeneziePadovaItaly
| | - Igor Pajović
- University of Montenegro Biotechnical FacultyPodgoricaMontenegro
| | - Dušan Petrić
- Laboratory for Medical and Veterinary EntomologyFaculty of AgricultureUniversity of Novi SadNovi SadSerbia
| | - Rosa Termine
- Laboratorio di Ingegneria Sanitaria AmbientaleUniversità “Kore” di EnnaEnnaItaly
| | - Nataša Turić
- Department of BiologyJosip Juraj Strossmayer UniversityOsijekCroatia
| | | | - Enkelejda Velo
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Public HealthTiranaAlbania
| | - Goran Vignjević
- Department of BiologyJosip Juraj Strossmayer UniversityOsijekCroatia
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Department of Pathogen BiologySchool of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuang ZhouChina
| | - Laurence Després
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA)CNRSUniversité Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance
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Gojković N, Ludoški J, Krtinić B, Milankov V. The First Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization of the Invasive Population of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Central Balkans. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 56:1433-1440. [PMID: 31100120 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aedes (Stegomya) albopictus (Skuse 1984), the Asian tiger mosquito, represents the most invasive and one of the medically most important mosquito vectors. Although native to South East Asia, the species has recently spread globally, and was registered in the city of Novi Sad (Serbia, Central Balkans) in August 2018. We characterized the invasive population using phenotypic (wing size and shape) and molecular (nuclear, internal transcribed spacer 2- ITS2, and mitochondrial, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I- COI) markers. The results of phenotypic analyses indicated that the Serbian population could be differentiated from the native (Thailand) and invasive (Hawaii and Florida) populations due to restricted gene flow, founder effect, and supposed different strain origin. The Serbian population showed genetic homogeneity, indicative of a small founder number (bottleneck invasion model). Despite the incorporation of ITS2 GenBank sequences into the data set, neither spatial (Geneland) nor nonspatial (BAPS) genetic structuring analyses helped infer the Serbian population origin. However, the comparison of the retrieved COI haplotype with previously characterized mitogenomes indicated a temperate strain origin, capable of overwintering. Such findings suggest that the newly registered Ae. albopictus population could be able to establish itself since previous studies outlined Novi Sad as a suitable area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemanja Gojković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Ludoški
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Vesna Milankov
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Abstract
Until recently data acquisition in integrated pest management (IPM) relied on manual collection of both pest and environmental data. Autonomous wireless sensor networks (WSN) are providing a way forward by reducing the need for manual offload and maintenance; however, there is still a significant gap in pest management using WSN with most applications failing to provide a low-cost, autonomous monitoring system that can operate in remote areas. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of implementing a reliable, fully independent, low-power WSN that will provide high-resolution, near-real-time input to a spatial decision support system (SDSS), capturing the small-scale heterogeneity needed for intelligent IPM. The WSN hosts a dual-uplink taking advantage of both satellite and terrestrial communication. A set of tests were conducted to assess metrics such as signal strength, data transmission and bandwidth of the SatCom module as well as mesh configuration, energetic autonomy, point to point communication and data loss of the WSN nodes. Finally, we demonstrate the SDSS output from two vector models forced by WSN data from a field site in Belgium. We believe that this system can be a cost-effective solution for intelligent IPM in remote areas where there is no reliable terrestrial connection.
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