1
|
Cui C, Bai F, Yang Y, Hou Z, Sun Z, Zhang T. Ion-Exchange-Induced Phase Transition Enables an Intrinsically Air Stable Hydrogarnet Electrolyte for Solid-State Lithium Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2310005. [PMID: 38572525 PMCID: PMC11165529 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202310005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Inferior air stability is a primary barrier for large-scale applications of garnet electrolytes in energy storage systems. Herein, a deeply hydrated hydrogarnet electrolyte generated by a simple ion-exchange-induced phase transition from conventional garnet, realizing a record-long air stability of more than two years when exposed to ambient air is proposed. Benefited from the elimination of air-sensitive lithium ions at 96 h/48e sites and unobstructed lithium conduction path along tetragonal sites (12a) and vacancies (12b), the hydrogarnet electrolyte exhibits intrinsic air stability and comparable ion conductivity to that of traditional garnet. Moreover, the unique properties of hydrogarnet pave the way for a brand-new aqueous route to prepare lithium metal stable composite electrolyte on a large-scale, with high ionic conductivity (8.04 × 10-4 S cm-1), wide electrochemical windows (4.95 V), and a high lithium transference number (0.43). When applied in solid-state lithium batteries (SSLBs), the batteries present impressive capacity and cycle life (164 mAh g-1 with capacity retention of 89.6% after 180 cycles at 1.0C under 50 °C). This work not only designs a new sort of hydrogarnet electrolyte, which is stable to both air and lithium metal but also provides an eco-friendly and large-scale fabrication route for SSLBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Cui
- State Key Lab of High‐Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Fan Bai
- State Key Lab of High‐Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Yanan Yang
- State Key Lab of High‐Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Zhiqian Hou
- State Key Lab of High‐Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Sun
- State Key Lab of High‐Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Lab of High‐Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Borštnar P, Dražić G, Šala M, Lin CA, Lin SK, Spreitzer M, Daneu N. Transient Ruddlesden-Popper-Type Defects and Their Influence on Grain Growth and Properties of Lithium Lanthanum Titanate Solid Electrolyte. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10850-10862. [PMID: 38591990 PMCID: PMC11044694 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Lithium lanthanum titanate (LLTO) perovskite is one of the most promising electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries, but its performance is limited by the presence of grain boundaries (GBs). The fraction of GBs can be significantly reduced by the preparation of coarse-grained LLTO ceramics. In this work, we describe an alternative approach to the fabrication of ceramics with large LLTO grains based on self-seeded grain growth. In compositions with the starting stoichiometry for the Li0.20La0.60TiO3 phase and with a high excess addition of Li (Li:La:Ti = 11:15:25), microstructure development starts with the formation of the layered RP-type Li2La2Ti3O10 phase. Grains with many RP-type defects initially develop into large platelets with thicknesses of up to 10 μm and lengths over 100 μm. Microstructure development continues with the crystallization of LLTO perovskite, epitaxially on the platelets and as smaller grains with thinner in-grain RP-lamellae. Theoretical calculations confirmed that the formation of RP-type sequences is energetically favored and precedes the formation of the LLTO perovskite phase. At around 1250 °C, the RP-type sequences become thermally unstable and gradually recrystallize to LLTO via the ionic exchange between the Li-rich RP-layers and the neighboring Ti and La layers as shown by quantitative HAADF-STEM. At higher sintering temperatures, LLTO grains become free of RP-type defects and the small grains recrystallize onto the large platelike seed grains via Ostwald ripening. The final microstructure is coarse-grained LLTO with total ionic conductivity in the range of 1 × 10-4 S/cm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petruša Borštnar
- Advanced
Materials Department, Jožef Stefan
Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef
Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Goran Dražić
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martin Šala
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova
19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Che-an Lin
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shih-kang Lin
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Hierarchical
Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Program
on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing, Academy of Innovative Semiconductor
and Sustainable Manufacturing, National
Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Core
Facility Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Matjaž Spreitzer
- Advanced
Materials Department, Jožef Stefan
Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nina Daneu
- Advanced
Materials Department, Jožef Stefan
Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Das A, Goswami M, Ghosh PS. Defect properties and solution energies of dopants in NASICON-type LiGe 2(PO 4) 3 solid electrolyte: a first-principles study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:31230-31237. [PMID: 37955164 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02165c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
NASICON-type solid electrolytes are suitable choices for solid state batteries considering safer and more stable electrochemical performance compared to other potential solid electrolytes. The present study investigates intrinsic defects and dopant incorporation energetics in the LiGe2(PO4)3 (LGP) electrode material using density functional theory-based calculations. The formation energies of intrinsic defects (Frenkel, Schottky and anti-sites) indicate that Li Frenkel pair formation is the most energetically feasible process. With an aim to improve the lithium ion conductivity and chemical stability by suitable doping, solution energies are calculated for various trivalent (M3+ = B3+, Al3+, Ga3+, Sc3+, In3+, Y3+, Gd3+, La3+) and tetravalent (M4+ = Si4+, Ti4+, Sn4+ and Zr4+) ions substituted at the Ge4+ site. The most favourable trivalent and tetravalent dopants are Al3+ and Ti4+, respectively. The changes in lattice parameters with doping are correlated with channel/bottleneck size for Li+ migration. Alkali atom doping at the Li+ site is energetically favourable whereas alkali-earth doping at the Li+ site is not. Analysis based on Bader charges and density of states delineates changes in chemical interactions between the dopant atoms and the host LGP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anurup Das
- Glass & Advanced Materials Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Madhumita Goswami
- Glass & Advanced Materials Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - P S Ghosh
- Glass & Advanced Materials Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shinde SS, Wagh NK, Kim S, Lee J. Li, Na, K, Mg, Zn, Al, and Ca Anode Interface Chemistries Developed by Solid-State Electrolytes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304235. [PMID: 37743719 PMCID: PMC10646287 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have received significant attention due to their high energy density, reversible cycle life, and safe operations relative to commercial Li-ion batteries using flammable liquid electrolytes. This review presents the fundamentals, structures, thermodynamics, chemistries, and electrochemical kinetics of desirable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) required to meet the practical requirements of reversible anodes. Theoretical and experimental insights for metal nucleation, deposition, and stripping for the reversible cycling of metal anodes are provided. Ion transport mechanisms and state-of-the-art solid-state electrolytes (SEs) are discussed for realizing high-performance cells. The interface challenges and strategies are also concerned with the integration of SEs, anodes, and cathodes for large-scale SSBs in terms of physical/chemical contacts, space-charge layer, interdiffusion, lattice-mismatch, dendritic growth, chemical reactivity of SEI, current collectors, and thermal instability. The recent innovations for anode interface chemistries developed by SEs are highlighted with monovalent (lithium (Li+ ), sodium (Na+ ), potassium (K+ )) and multivalent (magnesium (Mg2+ ), zinc (Zn2+ ), aluminum (Al3+ ), calcium (Ca2+ )) cation carriers (i.e., lithium-metal, lithium-sulfur, sodium-metal, potassium-ion, magnesium-ion, zinc-metal, aluminum-ion, and calcium-ion batteries) compared to those of liquid counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sambhaji S. Shinde
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi‐do15588Republic of Korea
- FLEXOLYTE Inc.Ansan15588Republic of Korea
| | - Nayantara K. Wagh
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi‐do15588Republic of Korea
- FLEXOLYTE Inc.Ansan15588Republic of Korea
| | - Sung‐Hae Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi‐do15588Republic of Korea
- FLEXOLYTE Inc.Ansan15588Republic of Korea
| | - Jung‐Ho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi‐do15588Republic of Korea
- FLEXOLYTE Inc.Ansan15588Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rath PC, Liu MS, Lo ST, Dhaka RS, Bresser D, Yang CC, Lee SW, Chang JK. Suppression of Dehydrofluorination Reactions of a Li 0.33La 0.557TiO 3-Nanofiber-Dispersed Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Electrolyte for Quasi-Solid-State Lithium-Metal Batteries by a Fluorine-Rich Succinonitrile Interlayer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:15429-15438. [PMID: 36920173 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state lithium-metal batteries have great potential to simultaneously achieve high safety and high energy density for energy storage. However, the low ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte and large electrode/electrolyte interfacial impedance are bottlenecks. A composite solid electrolyte (CSE) that integrates electrospun Li0.33La0.557TiO3 (LLTO) nanofibers, poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP), and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) is fabricated in this work. The effects of the LLTO filler fraction and morphology (spherical vs fibrous) on CSE conductivity are examined. Additionally, a fluorine-rich interlayer based on succinonitrile, fluoroethylene carbonate, and LiTFSI, denoted as succinonitrile interlayer (SNI), is developed to reduce the large interfacial impedance. The use of SNI rather than a conventional ester-based interlayer (EBI) effectively decreases the Li//CSE interfacial resistance and suppresses unfavorable interfacial side reactions. The LiF- and CFx-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), derived from SNI, on the Li metal electrode, mitigates the accumulation of dead Li and excessive SEI. Importantly, dehydrofluorination reactions of PVDF-HFP are significantly reduced by the introduction of SNI. A symmetric Li//CSE//Li cell with SNI exhibits a much longer cycle life than that of an EBI counterpart. A Li//CSE@SNI//LiFePO4 cell shows specific capacities of 150 and 112 mAh g-1 at 0.1 and 2 C (based on LiFePO4), respectively. After 100 charge-discharge cycles, 98% of the initial capacity is retained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Purna Chandra Rath
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Song Liu
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ting Lo
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Rajendra S Dhaka
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Dominic Bresser
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Chun-Chen Yang
- Battery Research Center of Green Energy, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Lee
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Kuei Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu J, Wang T, Yu J, Li S, Ma H, Liu X. Review of the Developments and Difficulties in Inorganic Solid-State Electrolytes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2510. [PMID: 36984390 PMCID: PMC10055896 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs), with their exceptional attributes, have captured the attention of researchers. They offer a viable solution to the inherent flaws of traditional lithium-ion batteries. The crux of an ASSLB lies in its solid-state electrolyte (SSE) which shows higher stability and safety compared to liquid electrolyte. Additionally, it holds the promise of being compatible with Li metal anode, thereby realizing higher capacity. Inorganic SSEs have undergone tremendous developments in the last few decades; however, their practical applications still face difficulties such as the electrode-electrolyte interface, air stability, and so on. The structural composition of inorganic electrolytes is inherently linked to the advantages and difficulties they present. This article provides a comprehensive explanation of the development, structure, and Li-ion transport mechanism of representative inorganic SSEs. Moreover, corresponding difficulties such as interface issues and air stability as well as possible solutions are also discussed.
Collapse
|
7
|
Li J, Luo H, Liu K, Zhang J, Zhai H, Su X, Wu J, Tang X, Tan G. Excellent Stability of Ga-Doped Garnet Electrolyte against Li Metal Anode via Eliminating LiGaO 2 Precipitates for Advanced All-Solid-State Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:7165-7174. [PMID: 36701379 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ga-doped garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 (Ga-LLZO) ceramics have long been recognized as ideal electrolyte candidates for all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs). However, in this study, it is shown that Ga-LLZO easily and promptly cracks in contact with molten lithium during the ASSLB assembly. This can be mainly ascribed to two aspects: (i) lithium captures O atoms and reduces Ga ions of the Ga-LLZO matrix, leading to a band-gap closure from >5 to <2 eV and a structural collapse from cubic to tetrahedral; and (ii) the in situ-formed LiGaO2 impurity phase has severe side reactions with lithium, resulting in huge stress release along the grain boundaries. It is also revealed that, while the former process consumes hours to take effect, the latter one is immediate and accounts for the crack propagation of Ga-LLZO electrolytes. A minute SiO2 is preadded during the synthesis of Ga-LLZO and found effective in eliminating the LiGaO2 impurity phase. The SiO2-modified Ga-LLZO solid electrolytes display excellent thermomechanical and electrochemical stabilities against lithium metals and well-reserved ionic conductivities, which was further confirmed by half-cells and full batteries. This study contributes to the understanding of the stability of garnet electrolytes and promotes their potential commercial applications in ASSLBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Hao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
- Nanostructure Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Keke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Jiaxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Huiyu Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Xianli Su
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Jinsong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
- Nanostructure Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Xinfeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Gangjian Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Matveyeva AN, Omarov SO, Gavrilova MA, Sladkovskiy DA, Murzin DY. CeFeO 3-CeO 2-Fe 2O 3 Systems: Synthesis by Solution Combustion Method and Catalytic Performance in CO 2 Hydrogenation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7970. [PMID: 36431455 PMCID: PMC9696793 DOI: 10.3390/ma15227970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rare-earth orthoferrites have found wide application in thermocatalytic reduction-oxidation processes. Much less attention has been paid, however, to the production of CeFeO3, as well as to the study of its physicochemical and catalytic properties, in particular, in the promising process of CO2 utilization by hydrogenation to CO and hydrocarbons. This study presents the results of a study on the synthesis of CeFeO3 by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) using various fuels, fuel-to-oxidizer ratios, and additives. The SCS products were characterized by XRD, FTIR, N2-physisorption, SEM, DTA-TGA, and H2-TPR. It has been established that glycine provides the best yield of CeFeO3, while the addition of NH4NO3 promotes an increase in the amount of CeFeO3 by 7-12 wt%. In addition, the synthesis of CeFeO3 with the participation of NH4NO3 makes it possible to surpass the activity of the CeO2-Fe2O3 system at low temperatures (300-400 °C), as well as to increase selectivity to hydrocarbons. The observed effects are due to the increased gas evolution and ejection of reactive FeOx nanoparticles on the surface of crystallites, and an increase in the surface defects. CeFeO3 obtained in this study allows for achieving higher CO2 conversion compared to LaFeO3 at 600 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna N. Matveyeva
- Laboratory of Materials and Processes for Hydrogen Energy, Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 28, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Shamil O. Omarov
- Laboratory of Materials and Processes for Hydrogen Energy, Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 28, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marianna A. Gavrilova
- Laboratory of Materials and Processes for Hydrogen Energy, Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 28, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Resource-Saving Department, St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), Moskovskiy pr. 26, 190013 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Sladkovskiy
- Resource-Saving Department, St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), Moskovskiy pr. 26, 190013 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry Yu. Murzin
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Henriksgatan 2, 20500 Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yan S, Al-Salih H, Yim CH, Merati A, Baranova EA, Weck A, Abu-Lebdeh Y. Engineered interfaces between perovskite La 2/3xLi 3xTiO 3 electrolyte and Li metal for solid-state batteries. Front Chem 2022; 10:966274. [PMID: 36034671 PMCID: PMC9399616 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.966274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Perovskite La2/3xLi3xTiO3 (LLTO) materials are promising solid-state electrolytes for lithium metal batteries (LMBs) due to their intrinsic fire-resistance, high bulk ionic conductivity, and wide electrochemical window. However, their commercialization is hampered by high interfacial resistance, dendrite formation, and instability against Li metal. To address these challenges, we first prepared highly dense LLTO pellets with enhanced microstructure and high bulk ionic conductivity of 2.1 × 10 - 4 S cm-1 at room temperature. Then, the LLTO pellets were coated with three polymer-based interfacial layers, including pure (polyethylene oxide) (PEO), dry polymer electrolyte of PEO-LITFSI (lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide) (PL), and gel PEO-LiTFSI-SN (succinonitrile) (PLS). It is found that each layer has impacted the interface differently; the soft PLS gel layer significantly reduced the total resistance of LLTO to a low value of 84.88 Ω cm-2. Interestingly, PLS layer has shown excellent ionic conductivity but performs inferior in symmetric Li cells. On the other hand, the PL layer significantly reduces lithium nucleation overpotential and shows a stable voltage profile after 20 cycles without any sign of Li dendrite formation. This work demonstrates that LLTO electrolytes with denser microstructure could reduce the interfacial resistance and when combined with polymeric interfaces show improved chemical stability against Li metal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation (CCRI), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hilal Al-Salih
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation (CCRI), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Chae-Ho Yim
- National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ali Merati
- National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Elena A. Baranova
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation (CCRI), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Arnaud Weck
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|