1
|
Augimeri G, Caparello G, Caputo I, Reda R, Testarelli L, Bonofiglio D. Mediterranean diet: a potential player in the link between oral microbiome and oral diseases. J Oral Microbiol 2024; 16:2329474. [PMID: 38510981 PMCID: PMC10953787 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2329474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The oral microbiome is a complex and dynamic assemblage of microorganisms that colonize different sites of the oral cavity maintaining both oral and systemic health. Therefore, when its composition is altered, oral diseases occur. Among oral inflammatory pathologies, periodontal diseases affect the tissues surrounding the teeth, representing the main cause of tooth loss and one of the most important threats to the oral health. Lifestyle and eating habits influence the composition of the human oral microbiota and the development and progression of oral diseases. In this context, the Mediterranean Diet (MD) model, comprising both healthy dietary choices and lifestyle, is linked to the prevention of several metabolic and chronic-degenerative pathological processes, including oral diseases. Indeed, the MD is a plant-based diet, enriched of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nutrients, which may induce beneficial effects against dental caries and periodontal diseases. Aim This review summarizes the role of the oral microbiome in the development of the oral diseases and the potential of MD in modulating the oral microbiome leading to implications for oral health. Conclusions The data collected highlight the need to promote the MD pattern along with the correct hygiene habits to prevent the development of oral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Augimeri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Giovanna Caparello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Ippolito Caputo
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Reda
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Testarelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Agrawal N, Fontana F, Tarracchini C, Lommi S, Ventura M, Milani C, Viljakainen H. Associations of central obesity and habitual food consumption with saliva microbiota and its enzymatic profiles - a pilot study in Finnish children. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1323346. [PMID: 38260892 PMCID: PMC10801001 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1323346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Variation in diversity and composition of saliva microbiota has been linked to weight status, but findings have been inconsistent. Focusing on clinically relevant conditions such as central obesity and using advanced sequencing techniques might fill in the gaps of knowledge. Aims We investigated saliva microbiota with shallow metagenome sequencing in children with (n = 14) and without (n = 36) central obesity. Additionally, we examined the role of habitual food consumption on microbial enzymatic repertoire. Methods Data comprised 50 children (50% male) with a mean age of 14.2 (SD 0.3) years, selected from the Finnish Health in Teens (Fin-HIT) cohort. Dietary scores for consumption frequency of sweet treats (STI), dairy products (DCI) and plants (PCI) were derived based on a self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Central obesity was defined based on waist-height ratio using the cut-off 0.5. Saliva samples were subjected to whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing, and taxonomic and functional profiling was achieved with METAnnotatorX2 bioinformatics platform. Results Groups had an average 20 (95% CI 14-27) cm difference in waist circumference. We identified the lack of Pseudomonas guguagenesis and Prevotella scopos, oulorum and oris as putative biomarkers associated with central obesity and observed a total of 16 enzymatic reactions differing between the groups. DCI was associated with the highest number of enzyme profiles (122), followed by STI (60) and DCI (25) (Pearson correlation p < 0.05). Intriguingly, STI showed a high positive/negative correlation ratio (5.09), while DCI and PCI showed low ratios (0.54 and 0.33, respectively). Thus, the main driver of enzymatic reactions was STI, and the related pathways involved nitrate metabolism induced by Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Veilonella dispar among others. Conclusion Clinically relevant differences in central obesity were only modestly reflected in the composition of saliva microbiota. Habitual consumption of sweet treats was a strong determinant of enzymatic reactions of saliva microbiota in children with and without central obesity. The clinical relevance of these findings warrants further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Agrawal
- Department of Public Health, Folkhälsan Research Center, Fin-HIT Research Group, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Federico Fontana
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- GenProbio srl, Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Tarracchini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Sohvi Lommi
- Department of Public Health, Folkhälsan Research Center, Fin-HIT Research Group, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Christian Milani
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Heli Viljakainen
- Department of Public Health, Folkhälsan Research Center, Fin-HIT Research Group, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Associations between Intra-Assessment Resting Metabolic Rate Variability and Health-Related Factors. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121218. [PMID: 36557256 PMCID: PMC9781460 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, the variation in resting metabolic rate (RMR) might be associated with health-related factors, as suggested by previous studies. This study explored whether the intra-assessment RMR variability (expressed as a coefficient of variation (CV; %)) is similar in men and women and if it is similarly associated with diverse health-related factors. The RMR of 107 young, and relatively healthy adults, was assessed using indirect calorimetry. Then, the CV for volumes of oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and resting energy expenditure (REE) were computed as indicators of intra-assessment RMR variability. Body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (peak VO2 uptake), circulating cardiometabolic risk factors, and heart rate and its variability (HR and HRV) were assessed. Men presented higher CVs for VO2, VCO2, and REE (all p ≤ 0.001) compared to women. Furthermore, in men, the intra-assessment RER variability was associated with vagal-related HRV parameters and with mean HR (standardized β = −0.36, −0.38, and 0.41, respectively; all p < 0.04). In contrast, no associations were observed in women. In conclusion, men exhibited higher variability (CVs for VO2, VCO2, and REE) compared to women. The CV for RER could be a potential marker of cardiometabolic risk in young men.
Collapse
|
4
|
Pieczyńska K, Rzymski P. Health Benefits of Vegetarian and Mediterranean Diets: Narrative Review. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/156067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
5
|
Cela V, Daniele S, Obino MER, Ruggiero M, Zappelli E, Ceccarelli L, Papini F, Marzi I, Scarfò G, Tosi F, Franzoni F, Martini C, Artini PG. Endometrial Dysbiosis Is Related to Inflammatory Factors in Women with Repeated Implantation Failure: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:2481. [PMID: 35566605 PMCID: PMC9101226 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An abnormal endometrial microbiota has been suggested to impair the process of embryo implantation, thus leading to repeated implantation failure (RIF) in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). However, the molecular mechanisms linking uterine microbiota and IVF out-comes are still an open question. The aim of this cohort study was to outline the relationship between endometrial microbiota, inflammation and IVF outcomes. To this purpose, endometrial microbiota and selected components of the “cytokine network” were analyzed in women presenting RIF and divided between eubiosis and dysbiosis groups, according to the percentage of endometrial lactobacilli (≥90% or <90%, respectively). The Dysbiosis group presented significantly higher tissue concentrations of the inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1β, HIF-1α and COX-2) and significantly lower levels of the anti-inflammatory/well-being factors, IL-10 and IGF-1, with respect to women with eubiosis. Moreover, the Lactobacillus percentage was negatively related to the concentrations of the inflammatory molecules and positively related to IL-10/IGF-1. Interestingly, the number of IVF attempts was directly related to the levels of the inflammatory factors COX-2, IL-1β and HIF-1α in the eubiosis group. Overall, endometrial dysbiosis was demonstrated to be associated with inflammation-related endometrial changes affecting the process of embryo implantation, underlining the importance of assessing uterine microbiota in patients undergoing IVF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vito Cela
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (M.E.R.O.); (F.P.); (I.M.)
- San Rossore Clinic Care, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (M.R.); (F.T.)
| | - Simona Daniele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (E.Z.); (L.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Maria Elena Rosa Obino
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (M.E.R.O.); (F.P.); (I.M.)
| | - Maria Ruggiero
- San Rossore Clinic Care, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (M.R.); (F.T.)
| | - Elisa Zappelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (E.Z.); (L.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Ceccarelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (E.Z.); (L.C.); (C.M.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Papini
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (M.E.R.O.); (F.P.); (I.M.)
| | - Ilaria Marzi
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (M.E.R.O.); (F.P.); (I.M.)
| | - Giorgia Scarfò
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (G.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Fulvia Tosi
- San Rossore Clinic Care, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (M.R.); (F.T.)
| | - Ferdinando Franzoni
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (G.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Claudia Martini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (E.Z.); (L.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Paolo Giovanni Artini
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (M.E.R.O.); (F.P.); (I.M.)
- San Rossore Clinic Care, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (M.R.); (F.T.)
| |
Collapse
|