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Fossati A, Ruijs ACJ. Changes in Fingertip Cold-Induced Vasodilatation (Hunting Reaction) on Acute Exposure to Altitude. High Alt Med Biol 2024. [PMID: 38738266 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2023.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Fossati, Alexandre, and Aleid C. J. Ruijs. Changes in fingertip cold-induced vasodilatation (hunting reaction) on acute exposure to altitude. High Alt Med Biol. 00:000-000, 2024. Objective: Cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) of the extremities is an interesting part of human physiology. Although the physiology of the CIVD reaction remains unknown, there are indications that hypoxia influences our CIVD reaction. The objective of this study is to measure the influence of acute hypoxia on the CIVD reaction of the fingertips. Methods: The CIVD reaction was measured using immersion of one hand in a water bath of 0°C in 12 healthy volunteers at low (1,235 m) and high (3,800 m) altitude during 35 minutes. High altitude was reached by a 20-minute cable car ride. Testing was performed indoors (room temperature, 22-25°C) at both altitudes. Data analysis was performed measuring the parameters of the CIVD reaction. Differences were found using the paired Student's t-test. Results: There was no significant difference in baseline finger temperature, onset time, peak time, and frequency of the CIVD reaction. However, at high altitude, maximum temperature and amplitude were significantly higher, slope was steeper, and minimum temperature was lower. Conclusion: We did not find evidence for a diminished CIVD reaction at high altitude due to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Fossati
- Département de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Centre Hospitalier Wallonie Picardie CHWAPI, Tournai, Belgium
- Département de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Aleid C J Ruijs
- Département de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Centre Hospitalier Wallonie Picardie CHWAPI, Tournai, Belgium
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Weller RS, Daanen HA, McClintock RJ, Roberts NA, Dunn TL, Jones DM. Cold-induced vasodilation during sequential immersions of the hand. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:775-781. [PMID: 37864008 PMCID: PMC10879250 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05304-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
A common practice for those operating in cold environments includes repetitive glove doffing and donning to perform specific tasks, which creates a repetitive cycle of hand cooling and rewarming. This study aimed to determine the influence of intraday repeated hand cooling on cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD), sympathetic activation, and finger/hand temperature recovery. Eight males and two females (mean ± SD age: 28 ± 5 year; height: 181 ± 9 cm; weight: 79.9 ± 10.4 kg) performed two 30-min hand immersions in cold (4.3 ± 0.92 °C) water in an indoor environment (18 °C). Both immersions (Imm1; Imm2) were performed on the same day and both allowed for a 10-min recovery. CIVD components were calculated for each finger (index, middle, ring) during each immersion. CIVD onset time (index, p = 0.546; middle, p = 0.727; ring, p = 0.873), minimum finger temperature (index, p = 0.634; middle, p = 0.493; ring, p = 0.575), and mean finger temperature (index, p = 0.986; middle, p = 0.953; ring, p = 0.637) were all similar between immersions. Recovery rates generally demonstrated similar responses as well. Findings suggest that two sequential CIVD tests analyzing the effect of prior cold exposure of the hand does not impair the CIVD response or recovery. Such findings appear promising for those venturing into cold environments where hands are likely to be repeatedly exposed to cold temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Weller
- Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Leidos, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Hein A Daanen
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rebecca J McClintock
- Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA, USA
- Leidos, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Timothy L Dunn
- Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Douglas M Jones
- Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA, USA
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Zhang R, Li X, Balasundaram G, Li B, Qi Y, Santosa A, Tan TC, Olivo M, Bi R. Hybrid Photoacoustic Ultrasound Imaging System for Cold-Induced Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation Monitoring. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2024; 71:712-716. [PMID: 37531313 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2023.3301013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Lewis hunting reaction refers to the alternating cold-induced vasoconstriction and dilation in extremities, whose underlying mechanism is complex. While numerous studies reported this intriguing phenomenon by measuring cutaneous temperature fluctuation under cold exposure, few of them tracked peripheral vascular responses in real-time, lacking a non-invasive and quantitative imaging tool. To better monitor hunting reaction and diagnose relevant diseases, we developed a hybrid photoacoustic ultrasound (PAUS) tomography system to monitor finger vessels' dynamic response to cold, together with simultaneous temperature measurement. We also came out a standard workflow for image analysis with self-defined indices. In the small cohort observational study, vascular changes in the first cycle of hunting reaction were successfully captured by the image series and quantified. Time difference between vasodilation and temperature recovery was noticed and reported for the first time, thanks to the unique capability of the PAUS imaging system in real-time and continuous vascular monitoring. The developed imaging system and indices enabled more objective and quantitative monitoring of peripheral vascular activities, indicating its great potential in numerous clinical applications.
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Tsoutsoubi L, Ioannou LG, Alba BK, Cheung SS, Daanen HA, Mekjavic IB, Flouris AD. Central versus peripheral mechanisms of cold-induced vasodilation: a study in the fingers and toes of people with paraplegia. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:1709-1726. [PMID: 37005962 PMCID: PMC10363085 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05175-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined physiological and perceptual parameters related to cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) in the fingers and toes of people with paraplegia and compared them with responses observed in able-bodied individuals. METHODS Seven participants with paraplegia and seven able-bodied individuals participated in a randomized matched-controlled study involving left-hand and -foot immersion in cold water (8 ± 1 °C) for 40 min during exposure to cool (16 ± 1 °C), thermoneutral (23 ± 1 °C), and hot (34 ± 1 °C) ambient conditions. RESULTS Similar CIVD occurrence was observed in the fingers in the two groups. In toes, three of the seven participants with paraplegia revealed CIVDs: one in cool, two in thermoneutral, and three in hot conditions. No able-bodied participants revealed CIVDs in cool and thermoneutral conditions, while four revealed CIVDs in hot conditions. The toe CIVDs of paraplegic participants were counterintuitive in several respects: they were more frequent in cool and thermoneutral conditions (compared to the able-bodied participants), emerged in these conditions despite lower core and skin temperatures of these participants, and were evident only in cases of thoracic level lesions (instead of lesions at lower spinal levels). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated considerable inter-individual variability in CIVD responses in both the paraplegic and able-bodied groups. While we observed vasodilatory responses in the toes of participants with paraplegia that technically fulfilled the criteria for CIVD, it is unlikely that they reflect the CIVD phenomenon observed in able-bodied individuals. Taken together, our findings favor the contribution of central over peripheral factors in relation to the origin and/or control of CIVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Tsoutsoubi
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, 42100, Trikala, Greece
| | - Leonidas G Ioannou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, 42100, Trikala, Greece
| | - Billie K Alba
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, 01760, USA
| | - Stephen S Cheung
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Hein A Daanen
- Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Igor B Mekjavic
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Józef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, 42100, Trikala, Greece.
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Fernández-Peña C, Reimúndez A, Viana F, Arce VM, Señarís R. Sex differences in thermoregulation in mammals: Implications for energy homeostasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1093376. [PMID: 36967809 PMCID: PMC10030879 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1093376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal homeostasis is a fundamental process in mammals, which allows the maintenance of a constant internal body temperature to ensure an efficient function of cells despite changes in ambient temperature. Increasing evidence has revealed the great impact of thermoregulation on energy homeostasis. Homeothermy requires a fine regulation of food intake, heat production, conservation and dissipation and energy expenditure. A great interest on this field of research has re-emerged following the discovery of thermogenic brown adipose tissue and browning of white fat in adult humans, with a potential clinical relevance on obesity and metabolic comorbidities. However, most of our knowledge comes from male animal models or men, which introduces unwanted biases on the findings. In this review, we discuss how differences in sex-dependent characteristics (anthropometry, body composition, hormonal regulation, and other sexual factors) influence numerous aspects of thermal regulation, which impact on energy homeostasis. Individuals of both sexes should be used in the experimental paradigms, considering the ovarian cycles and sexual hormonal regulation as influential factors in these studies. Only by collecting data in both sexes on molecular, functional, and clinical aspects, we will be able to establish in a rigorous way the real impact of thermoregulation on energy homeostasis, opening new avenues in the understanding and treatment of obesity and metabolic associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alfonso Reimúndez
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Félix Viana
- Institute of Neuroscience, University Miguel Hernández (UMH)-CSIC, Alicante, Spain
| | - Victor M. Arce
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: Rosa Señarís, ; Victor M. Arce,
| | - Rosa Señarís
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: Rosa Señarís, ; Victor M. Arce,
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Population Characteristics, Symptoms, and Risk Factors of Idiopathic Chilblains: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11111651. [DOI: 10.3390/biology11111651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Chilblains/perniosis is a non-freezing cold injury causing painful inflammatory skin lesions. Its pathogenesis remains poorly understood because it is often studied as secondary to other underlying conditions. Methods: We systematically investigated the population characteristics, symptoms, and predisposing factors of chilblains in healthy adults exposed to cool/cold environments. We screened PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, and we adopted PRISMA reporting guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42021245307). The risk of bias was assessed by two independent reviewers (RTI item bank). Random-effects model meta-analyses were performed to calculate the pooled prevalence of histopathological features. Mixed-effects meta-regressions were used to assess other sources of between-study heterogeneity. Results: Thirteen studies (477 patients) were included. Chilblains affect more women than men, up to 12% of the body skin surface, and most frequently, the hands and fingers. Meta-analyses of nine studies (303 patients) showed a frequent presence of perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate (81%), basal epidermal-cell layer vacuolation (67%), papillary dermal edema (66%), and perieccrine lymphocytic infiltrate (57%). Meta-regressions (p ≤ 0.05) showed that smoking and frequent occupational exposure to water increase the likelihood of histopathological features. Conclusions: The population characteristics, symptoms, and predisposing factors of chilblains revealed in this analysis should be incorporated in medical care to improve the condition’s diagnosis and management.
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