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Moerland JA, Liby KT. The Triterpenoid CDDO-Methyl Ester Reduces Tumor Burden, Reprograms the Immune Microenvironment, and Protects from Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity in a Preclinical Mouse Model of Established Lung Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:621. [PMID: 38929060 PMCID: PMC11201246 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
NRF2 activation protects epithelial cells from malignancy, but cancer cells can upregulate the pathway to promote survival. NRF2 activators including CDDO-Methyl ester (CDDO-Me) inhibit cancer in preclinical models, suggesting NRF2 activation in other cell types may promote anti-tumor activity. However, the immunomodulatory effects of NRF2 activation remain poorly understood in the context of cancer. To test CDDO-Me in a murine model of established lung cancer, tumor-bearing wildtype (WT) and Nrf2 knockout (KO) mice were treated with 50-100 mg CDDO-Me/kg diet, alone or combined with carboplatin/paclitaxel (C/P) for 8-12 weeks. CDDO-Me decreased tumor burden in an Nrf2-dependent manner. The combination of CDDO-Me plus C/P was significantly (p < 0.05) more effective than either drug alone, reducing tumor burden by 84% in WT mice. CDDO-Me reduced the histopathological grade of WT tumors, with a significantly (p < 0.05) higher proportion of low-grade tumors and a lower proportion of high-grade tumors. These changes were augmented by combination with C/P. CDDO-Me also protected WT mice from C/P-induced toxicity and improved macrophage and T cell phenotypes in WT mice, reducing the expression of CD206 and PD-L1 on macrophages, decreasing immunosuppressive FoxP3+ CD4+ T cells, and increasing activation of CD8+ T cells in a Nrf2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Moerland
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, 1355 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Karen T. Liby
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W. Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Mikhailova DM, Skverchinskaya E, Sudnitsyna J, Butov KR, Koltsova EM, Mindukshev IV, Gambaryan S. Hematin- and Hemin-Induced Spherization and Hemolysis of Human Erythrocytes Are Independent of Extracellular Calcium Concentration. Cells 2024; 13:554. [PMID: 38534398 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathologies such as malaria, hemorrhagic stroke, sickle cell disease, and thalassemia are characterized by the release of hemoglobin degradation products from damaged RBCs. Hematin (liganded with OH-) and hemin (liganded with Cl-)-are the oxidized forms of heme with toxic properties due to their hydrophobicity and the presence of redox-active Fe3. In the present study, using the original LaSca-TM laser particle analyzer, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy, we showed that both hematin and hemin induce dose-dependent RBC spherization and hemolysis with ghost formation. Hematin and hemin at nanomolar concentrations increased [Ca2+]i in RBC; however, spherization and hemolysis occurred in the presence and absence of calcium, indicating that both processes are independent of [Ca2+]i. Both compounds triggered acute phosphatidylserine exposure on the membrane surface, reversible after 60 min of incubation. A comparison of hematin and hemin effects on RBCs revealed that hematin is a more reactive toxic metabolite than hemin towards human RBCs. The toxic effects of heme derivatives were reduced and even reversed in the presence of albumin, indicating the presence in RBCs of the own recovery system against the toxic effects of heme derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Mikhailova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elisaveta Skverchinskaya
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Julia Sudnitsyna
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Kirill R Butov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Medical Biotechnology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina M Koltsova
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 30 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya st., 109029 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor V Mindukshev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Lee J, Zhang W, Nguyen D, Zhou L, Amengual J, Zhai J, Cote T, Landolina M, Ahmadi E, Sands I, Mishra N, Yu H, Nieh MP, Wang K, Li Y, Chen Y. Computation-aided Design of Rod-Shaped Janus Base Nanopieces for Improved Tissue Penetration and Therapeutics Delivery. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.24.577046. [PMID: 38328235 PMCID: PMC10849704 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.24.577046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite the development of various drug delivery technologies, there remains a significant need for vehicles that can improve targeting and biodistribution in "hard-to-penetrate" tissues. Some solid tumors, for example, are particularly challenging to penetrate due to their dense extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we have formulated a new family of rod-shaped delivery vehicles named Janus base nanopieces (Rod JBNps), which are more slender than conventional spherical nanoparticles, such as lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). These JBNp nanorods are formed by bundles of DNA-inspired Janus base nanotubes (JBNts) with intercalated delivery cargoes. To develop this novel family of delivery vehicles, we employed a computation-aided design (CAD) methodology that includes molecular dynamics and response surface methodology. This approach precisely and efficiently guides experimental designs. Using an ovarian cancer model, we demonstrated that JBNps markedly improve penetration into the dense ECM of solid tumors, leading to better treatment outcomes compared to FDA-approved spherical LNP delivery. This study not only successfully developed a rod-shaped delivery vehicle for improved tissue penetration but also established a CAD methodology to effectively guide material design.
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Santulli G. Translational Aspects of Cardiovascular Biology: From Bench to Bedside. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050658. [PMID: 37237472 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and the search for novel mechanisms and therapeutics is desperately needed [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Santulli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME) Consortium, "Federico II" University, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
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