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Yasuda T, Ueura D, Nakagomi M, Hanashima S, Peter Slotte J, Murata M. Design, synthesis of ceramide 1-phosphate analogs and their affinity for cytosolic phospholipase A 2 as evidenced by surface plasmon resonance. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 107:129792. [PMID: 38734389 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) is a lipid mediator that specifically binds and activates cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α). To elucidate the structure-activity relationship of the affinity of C1P for cPLA2α in lipid environments, we prepared a series of C1P analogs containing structural modifications in the hydrophilic parts and subjected them to surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The results suggested the presence of a specific binding site for cPLA2α on the amide, 3-OH and phosphate groups in C1P structure. Especially, dihydro-C1P exhibited enhanced affinity for cPLA2α, suggesting the hydrogen bonding ability of 3-hydroxy group is important for interactions with cPLA2α. This study helps to understand the influence of specific structural moieties of C1P on the interaction with cPLA2α at the atomistic level and may lead to the design of drugs that regulate cPLA2α activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Yasuda
- Research Foundation ITSUU Laboratory, C1232, Kanagawa Science Park R&D Building, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan; Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
| | - Daiki Ueura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Madoka Nakagomi
- Research Foundation ITSUU Laboratory, C1232, Kanagawa Science Park R&D Building, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan
| | - Shinya Hanashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - J Peter Slotte
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Michio Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan; Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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Jovičić EJ, Janež AP, Eichmann TO, Koren Š, Brglez V, Jordan PM, Gerstmeier J, Lainšček D, Golob-Urbanc A, Jerala R, Lambeau G, Werz O, Zimmermann R, Petan T. Lipid droplets control mitogenic lipid mediator production in human cancer cells. Mol Metab 2023; 76:101791. [PMID: 37586657 PMCID: PMC10470291 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are structural components of membrane phospholipids and precursors of oxygenated lipid mediators with diverse functions, including the control of cell growth, inflammation and tumourigenesis. However, the molecular pathways that control the availability of PUFAs for lipid mediator production are not well understood. Here, we investigated the crosstalk of three pathways in the provision of PUFAs for lipid mediator production: (i) secreted group X phospholipase A2 (GX sPLA2) and (ii) cytosolic group IVA PLA2 (cPLA2α), both mobilizing PUFAs from membrane phospholipids, and (iii) adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), which mediates the degradation of triacylglycerols (TAGs) stored in cytosolic lipid droplets (LDs). METHODS We combined lipidomic and functional analyses in cancer cell line models to dissect the trafficking of PUFAs between membrane phospholipids and LDs and determine the role of these pathways in lipid mediator production, cancer cell proliferation and tumour growth in vivo. RESULTS We demonstrate that lipid mediator production strongly depends on TAG turnover. GX sPLA2 directs ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs from membrane phospholipids into TAG stores, whereas ATGL is required for their entry into lipid mediator biosynthetic pathways. ATGL controls the release of PUFAs from LD stores and their conversion into cyclooxygenase- and lipoxygenase-derived lipid mediators under conditions of nutrient sufficiency and during serum starvation. In starving cells, ATGL also promotes the incorporation of LD-derived PUFAs into phospholipids, representing substrates for cPLA2α. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the built-up of TAG stores by acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) is required for the production of mitogenic lipid signals that promote cancer cell proliferation and tumour growth. CONCLUSION This study shifts the paradigm of PLA2-driven lipid mediator signalling and identifies LDs as central lipid mediator production hubs. Targeting DGAT1-mediated LD biogenesis is a promising strategy to restrict lipid mediator production and tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Jarc Jovičić
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pucer Janež
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Thomas O Eichmann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Center for Explorative Lipidomics, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Špela Koren
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vesna Brglez
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Paul M Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Duško Lainšček
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia; EN-FIST, Centre of Excellence, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Golob-Urbanc
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roman Jerala
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia; EN-FIST, Centre of Excellence, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gérard Lambeau
- Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), UMR7275, Valbonne Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Toni Petan
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Li Y, Chen M, Chang W. Roles of the nucleus in leukocyte migration. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:771-783. [PMID: 35916042 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1mr0622-473rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocytes patrol our bodies in search of pathogens and migrate to sites of injury in response to various stimuli. Rapid and directed leukocyte motility is therefore crucial to our immunity. The nucleus is the largest and stiffest cellular organelle and a mechanical obstacle for migration through constrictions. However, the nucleus is also essential for 3D cell migration. Here, we review the roles of the nucleus in leukocyte migration, focusing on how cells deform their nuclei to aid cell motility and the contributions of the nucleus to cell migration. We discuss the regulation of the nuclear biomechanics by the nuclear lamina and how it, together with the cytoskeleton, modulates the shapes of leukocyte nuclei. We then summarize the functions of nesprins and SUN proteins in leukocytes and discuss how forces are exerted on the nucleus. Finally, we examine the mechanical roles of the nucleus in cell migration, including its roles in regulating the direction of migration and path selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Mengqi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Wakam Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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Casas J, Balsinde J, Balboa MA. Phosphorylation of cPLA 2α at Ser 505 Is Necessary for Its Translocation to PtdInsP 2-Enriched Membranes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072347. [PMID: 35408744 PMCID: PMC9000823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) is a key enzyme in physiology and pathophysiology because it constitutes a rate-limiting step in the pathway for the generation of pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoid lipid mediators. cPLA2α activity is tightly regulated by multiple factors, including the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, phosphorylation reactions, and cellular phosphatidylinositol (4,5) bisphosphate levels (PtdInsP2). In the present work, we demonstrate that phosphorylation of the enzyme at Ser505 is an important step for the translocation of the enzyme to PtdInsP2–enriched membranes in human cells. Constructs of eGFP-cPLA2 mutated in Ser505 to Ala (S505A) exhibit a delayed translocation in response to elevated intracellular Ca2+, and also in response to increases in intracellular PtdInsP2 levels. Conversely, translocation of a phosphorylation mimic mutant (S505E) is fully observed in response to cellular increases in PtdInsP2 levels. Collectively, these results suggest that phosphorylation of cPLA2α at Ser505 is necessary for the enzyme to translocate to internal membranes and mobilize arachidonic acid for eicosanoid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Casas
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (J.B.); Tel.: +34-983-423-062 (J.B.)
| | - Jesús Balsinde
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (J.B.); Tel.: +34-983-423-062 (J.B.)
| | - María A. Balboa
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Characterization of the binding of cytosolic phospholipase A 2 alpha and NOX2 NADPH oxidase in mouse macrophages. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3511-3518. [PMID: 35092565 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07191-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) is required for NOX2 NADPH oxidase activation in human and mouse phagocytes. Moreover, upon stimulation, cPLA2α translocates to the plasma membranes by binding to the assembled oxidase, forming a complex between its C2 domain and the PX domain of the cytosolic oxidase factor, p47phox in human phagocytes. Intravenous administration of antisense against cPLA2α that significantly inhibited its expression in mouse peritoneal neutrophils and macrophages also inhibited superoxide production, in contrast to cPLA2α knockout mice that showed normal superoxide production. The present study aimed to determine whether there is a binding between cPLA2α-C2 domain and p47phox-PX in mouse macrophages, to further support the role of cPLA2α in oxidase regulation also in mouse phagocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS A significant binding of mouse GST-p47phox-PX domain fusion protein and cPLA2α in stimulated mouse phagocyte membranes was demonstrated by pull-down experiments, although lower than that detected by the human p47phox-PX domain. Substituting the amino acids Phe98, Asn99, and Gly100 to Cys98, Ser99, and Thr100 in the mouse p47phox-PX domain (present in the human p47phox-PX domain) caused strong binding that was similar to that detected by the human p47phox-PX domain CONCLUSIONS: The binding between cPLA2α-C2 and p47phox-PX domains exists in mouse macrophages and is not unique to human phagocytes. The binding between the two proteins is lower in the mice, probably due to the absence of amino acids Cys98, Ser 99, and Thr100in the p47phox-PX domain that facilitate the binding to cPLA2α.
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A synergy between mechanosensitive calcium- and membrane-binding mediates tension-sensing by C2-like domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2112390119. [PMID: 34969839 PMCID: PMC8740744 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2112390119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A cell must be able to measure whether the lipid membranes that surround its insides are stretched. Currently, mechanosensitive ion channels are the best-studied class of membrane tension sensors, but recent work suggests that peripheral membrane enzymes that gauge nuclear confinement or swelling during cell migration or upon tissue injury constitute a second class. The mechanosensitivity of these enzymes derives from their calcium-dependent (“C2-like”) membrane-interaction domains. Although these can be found in many important signaling proteins, they have remained virtually unstudied as mechanotransducers. How membrane tension controls these domains and what features render them mechanosensitive is unclear. Here, we show that membrane tension-sensing by C2-like domains is mediated by a synergy between mechanosensitive calcium-binding and membrane insertion. When nuclear membranes are stretched, the peripheral membrane enzyme cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) binds via its calcium-dependent C2 domain (cPLA2-C2) and initiates bioactive lipid signaling and tissue inflammation. More than 150 C2-like domains are encoded in vertebrate genomes. How many of them are mechanosensors and quantitative relationships between tension and membrane recruitment remain unexplored, leaving a knowledge gap in the mechanotransduction field. In this study, we imaged the mechanosensitive adsorption of cPLA2 and its C2 domain to nuclear membranes and artificial lipid bilayers, comparing it to related C2-like motifs. Stretch increased the Ca2+ sensitivity of all tested domains, promoting half-maximal binding of cPLA2 at cytoplasmic resting-Ca2+ concentrations. cPLA2-C2 bound up to 50 times tighter to stretched than to unstretched membranes. Our data suggest that a synergy of mechanosensitive Ca2+ interactions and deep, hydrophobic membrane insertion enables cPLA2-C2 to detect stretched membranes with antibody-like affinity, providing a quantitative basis for understanding mechanotransduction by C2-like domains.
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Parvate A, Sengupta R, Williams EP, Xue Y, Chu YK, Stahelin RV, Jonsson CB. Cryofixation of Inactivated Hantavirus-Infected Cells as a Method for Obtaining High-Quality Ultrastructural Preservation for Electron Microscopic Studies. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:580339. [PMID: 33240823 PMCID: PMC7677528 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.580339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses rewire the host cell and induce extensive membrane rearrangements for their replication and the morphogenesis of the virion. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful technique for imaging these pathological membrane changes especially when combined with large volume electron tomography. Excellent preservation of membrane structure can be obtained when chemical fixation is combined with cryofixation via high pressure freezing making the samples amenable to serial-section tomographic reconstruction. Taking advantage of this, we have optimized a hybrid method that employs aldehyde fixation, a step that is essential for virus inactivation, followed by high-pressure freezing for ultrastructural study of Hantaan (HTN) and Andes (AND) virus infected Vero E6 cells. HTNV and ANDV are two species of the Orthohantavirus, from the Old and New World, respectively, and the causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in humans. We applied the method for the qualitative assessment of the perturbation of the endomembrane system induced by HTNV and ANDV in infected vs. mock-infected cells. Screening of serial-sections revealed consistency of membrane preservation across large volumes indicating potential of these samples for tomographic studies. Images revealed large-scale perturbations of the endomembrane system following HTNV-infection that included the dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus. Infected cells exhibited a tendency to accumulate large numbers of vacuoles that were especially apparent in ANDV. In summary, our hybrid method provides a path for the study of BSL-3 pathogens using cutting edge 3D-imaging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Parvate
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Ranjan Sengupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and the Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Evan P. Williams
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Yi Xue
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Yong-Kyu Chu
- Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Robert V. Stahelin
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and the Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Colleen B. Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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