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Biernacka Z, Gregorczyk-Zboroch K, Lasocka I, Ostrowska A, Struzik J, Gieryńska M, Toka FN, Szulc-Dąbrowska L. Ectromelia Virus Affects the Formation and Spatial Organization of Adhesive Structures in Murine Dendritic Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:558. [PMID: 38203729 PMCID: PMC10779027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ectromelia virus (ECTV) is a causative agent of mousepox. It provides a suitable model for studying the immunobiology of orthopoxviruses, including their interaction with the host cell cytoskeleton. As professional antigen-presenting cells, dendritic cells (DCs) control the pericellular environment, capture antigens, and present them to T lymphocytes after migration to secondary lymphoid organs. Migration of immature DCs is possible due to the presence of specialized adhesion structures, such as podosomes or focal adhesions (FAs). Since assembly and disassembly of adhesive structures are highly associated with DCs' immunoregulatory and migratory functions, we evaluated how ECTV infection targets podosomes and FAs' organization and formation in natural-host bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDC). We found that ECTV induces a rapid dissolution of podosomes at the early stages of infection, accompanied by the development of larger and wider FAs than in uninfected control cells. At later stages of infection, FAs were predominantly observed in long cellular extensions, formed extensively by infected cells. Dissolution of podosomes in ECTV-infected BMDCs was not associated with maturation and increased 2D cell migration in a wound healing assay; however, accelerated transwell migration of ECTV-infected cells towards supernatants derived from LPS-conditioned BMDCs was observed. We suggest that ECTV-induced changes in the spatial organization of adhesive structures in DCs may alter the adhesiveness/migration of DCs during some conditions, e.g., inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Biernacka
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; (Z.B.); (K.G.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.G.); (F.N.T.)
| | - Karolina Gregorczyk-Zboroch
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; (Z.B.); (K.G.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.G.); (F.N.T.)
| | - Iwona Lasocka
- Department of Biology of Animal Environment, Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Ostrowska
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Justyna Struzik
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; (Z.B.); (K.G.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.G.); (F.N.T.)
| | - Małgorzata Gieryńska
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; (Z.B.); (K.G.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.G.); (F.N.T.)
| | - Felix N. Toka
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; (Z.B.); (K.G.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.G.); (F.N.T.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Lidia Szulc-Dąbrowska
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; (Z.B.); (K.G.-Z.); (J.S.); (M.G.); (F.N.T.)
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Li X, Lv X, Li H, Zhang G, Long Y, Li K, Fan Y, Jin D, Zhou F, Liu H. Undifferentially Expressed CXXC5 as a Transcriptionally Regulatory Biomarker of Breast Cancer. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300189. [PMID: 37423953 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
This work hypothesizes that some genes undergo radically changed transcription regulations (TRs) in breast cancer (BC), but don't show differential expressions for unknown reasons. The TR of a gene is quantitatively formulated by a regression model between the expression of this gene and multiple transcription factors (TFs). The difference between the predicted and real expression levels of a gene in a query sample is defined as the mqTrans value of this gene, which quantitatively reflects its regulatory changes. This work systematically screens the undifferentially expressed genes with differentially expressed mqTrans values in 1036 samples across five datasets and three ethnic groups. This study calls the 25 genes satisfying the above hypothesis in at least four datasets as dark biomarkers, and the strong dark biomarker gene CXXC5 (CXXC Finger Protein 5) is even supported by all the five independent BC datasets. Although CXXC5 does not show differential expressions in BC, its transcription regulations show quantitative associations with BCs in diversified cohorts. The overlapping long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may have contributed their transcripts to the expression miscalculations of dark biomarkers. The mqTrans analysis serves as a complementary view of the transcriptome-based detections of biomarkers that are ignored by many existing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Xiaoying Lv
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Haijun Li
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Gongyou Zhang
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Yaohang Long
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Kewei Li
- Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yusi Fan
- College of Software, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Dawei Jin
- Research Institute of Guizhou Huada Life Big Data, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Fengfeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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Campellone KG, Lebek NM, King VL. Branching out in different directions: Emerging cellular functions for the Arp2/3 complex and WASP-family actin nucleation factors. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151301. [PMID: 36907023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton impacts practically every function of a eukaryotic cell. Historically, the best-characterized cytoskeletal activities are in cell morphogenesis, motility, and division. The structural and dynamic properties of the actin cytoskeleton are also crucial for establishing, maintaining, and changing the organization of membrane-bound organelles and other intracellular structures. Such activities are important in nearly all animal cells and tissues, although distinct anatomical regions and physiological systems rely on different regulatory factors. Recent work indicates that the Arp2/3 complex, a broadly expressed actin nucleator, drives actin assembly during several intracellular stress response pathways. These newly described Arp2/3-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements are coordinated by members of the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP) family of actin nucleation-promoting factors. Thus, the Arp2/3 complex and WASP-family proteins are emerging as crucial players in cytoplasmic and nuclear activities including autophagy, apoptosis, chromatin dynamics, and DNA repair. Characterizations of the functions of the actin assembly machinery in such stress response mechanisms are advancing our understanding of both normal and pathogenic processes, and hold great promise for providing insights into organismal development and interventions for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth G Campellone
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA.
| | - Nadine M Lebek
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Virginia L King
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA
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The Amazing World of IDPs in Human Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020333. [PMID: 33672116 PMCID: PMC7926885 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Advances in Understanding TKS4 and TKS5: Molecular Scaffolds Regulating Cellular Processes from Podosome and Invadopodium Formation to Differentiation and Tissue Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218117. [PMID: 33143131 PMCID: PMC7663256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Scaffold proteins are typically thought of as multi-domain "bridging molecules." They serve as crucial regulators of key signaling events by simultaneously binding multiple participants involved in specific signaling pathways. In the case of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) binding, the activated EGFR contacts cytosolic SRC tyrosine-kinase, which then becomes activated. This process leads to the phosphorylation of SRC-substrates, including the tyrosine kinase substrates (TKS) scaffold proteins. The TKS proteins serve as a platform for the recruitment of key players in EGFR signal transduction, promoting cell spreading and migration. The TKS4 and the TKS5 scaffold proteins are tyrosine kinase substrates with four or five SH3 domains, respectively. Their structural features allow them to recruit and bind a variety of signaling proteins and to anchor them to the cytoplasmic surface of the cell membrane. Until recently, TKS4 and TKS5 had been recognized for their involvement in cellular motility, reactive oxygen species-dependent processes, and embryonic development, among others. However, a number of novel functions have been discovered for these molecules in recent years. In this review, we attempt to cover the diverse nature of the TKS molecules by discussing their structure, regulation by SRC kinase, relevant signaling pathways, and interaction partners, as well as their involvement in cellular processes, including migration, invasion, differentiation, and adipose tissue and bone homeostasis. We also describe related pathologies and the established mouse models.
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Escoll M, Lastra D, Robledinos-Antón N, Wandosell F, Antón IM, Cuadrado A. WIP Modulates Oxidative Stress through NRF2/KEAP1 in Glioblastoma Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E773. [PMID: 32825452 PMCID: PMC7555221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their high metabolic rate, tumor cells produce exacerbated levels of reactive oxygen species that need to be under control. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-interacting protein (WIP) is a scaffold protein with multiple yet poorly understood functions that participates in tumor progression and promotes cancer cell survival. However, its participation in the control of oxidative stress has not been addressed yet. We show that WIP depletion increases the levels of reactive oxygen species and reduces the levels of transcription factor NRF2, the master regulator of redox homeostasis. We found that WIP stabilizes NRF2 by restraining the activity of its main NRF2 repressor, the E3 ligase adapter KEAP1, because the overexpression of a NRF2ΔETGE mutant that is resistant to targeted proteasome degradation by KEAP1 or the knock-down of KEAP1 maintains NRF2 levels in the absence of WIP. Mechanistically, we show that the increased KEAP1 activity in WIP-depleted cells is not due to the protection of KEAP1 from autophagic degradation, but is dependent on the organization of the Actin cytoskeleton, probably through binding between KEAP1 and F-Actin. Our study provides a new role of WIP in maintaining the oxidant tolerance of cancer cells that may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Escoll
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (D.L.); (N.R.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Pedro Rico 6, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.W.); (I.M.A.)
| | - Diego Lastra
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (D.L.); (N.R.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Pedro Rico 6, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.W.); (I.M.A.)
| | - Natalia Robledinos-Antón
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (D.L.); (N.R.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Pedro Rico 6, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.W.); (I.M.A.)
| | - Francisco Wandosell
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.W.); (I.M.A.)
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés María Antón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.W.); (I.M.A.)
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (D.L.); (N.R.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Pedro Rico 6, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.W.); (I.M.A.)
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