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Lu S, Zhao Q, Guan Y, Sun Z, Li W, Guo S, Zhang A. The communication mechanism of the gut-brain axis and its effect on central nervous system diseases: A systematic review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117207. [PMID: 39067168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is involved in intricate and active metabolic processes the host's brain function, especially its role in immune responses, secondary metabolism, and symbiotic connections with the host. Gut microbiota can promote the production of essential metabolites, neurotransmitters, and other neuroactive chemicals that affect the development and treatment of central nervous system diseases. This article introduces the relevant pathways and manners of the communication between the brain and gut, summarizes a comprehensive overview of the current research status of key gut microbiota metabolites that affect the functions of the nervous system, revealing those adverse factors that affect typical communication between the brain-gut axis, and outlining the efforts made by researchers to alleviate these neurological diseases through targeted microbial interventions. The relevant pathways and manners of communication between the brain and gut contribute to the experimental design of new treatment plans and drug development. The factors that may cause changes in gut microbiota and affect metabolites, as well as current intervention methods are summarized, which helps improve gut microbiota brain dialogue, prevent adverse triggering factors from interfering with the gut microbiota system, and minimize neuropathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, GAP Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qiqi Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, GAP Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yu Guan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, GAP Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhiwen Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wenhao Li
- School of Basic Medical Science of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Sifan Guo
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China; Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia.
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2
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Tao W, Zhang Y, Wang B, Nie S, Fang L, Xiao J, Wu Y. Advances in molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for central nervous system diseases based on gut microbiota imbalance. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00124-3. [PMID: 38579985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUD Central nervous system (CNS) diseases pose a serious threat to human health, but the regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of CNS diseases need to be further explored. It has been demonstrated that the gut microbiota (GM) is closely related to CNS disease. GM structure disorders, abnormal microbial metabolites, intestinal barrier destruction and elevated inflammation exist in patients with CNS diseases and promote the development of CNS diseases. More importantly, GM remodeling alleviates CNS pathology to some extent. AIM OF REVIEW Here, we have summarized the regulatory mechanism of the GM in CNS diseases and the potential treatment strategies for CNS repair based on GM regulation, aiming to provide safer and more effective strategies for CNS repair from the perspective of GM regulation. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW The abundance and composition of GM is closely associated with the CNS diseases. On the basis of in-depth analysis of GM changes in mice with CNS disease, as well as the changes in its metabolites, therapeutic strategies, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and FMT, may be used to regulate GM balance and affect its microbial metabolites, thereby promoting the recovery of CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tao
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yanren Zhang
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Bingbin Wang
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Saiqun Nie
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Li Fang
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Yanqing Wu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Lillie IM, Booth CE, Horvath AE, Mondragon M, Engevik MA, Horvath TD. Characterizing arginine, ornithine, and putrescine pathways in enteric pathobionts. Microbiologyopen 2024; 13:e1408. [PMID: 38560776 PMCID: PMC10982811 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Arginine-ornithine metabolism plays a crucial role in bacterial homeostasis, as evidenced by numerous studies. However, the utilization of arginine and the downstream products of its metabolism remain undefined in various gut bacteria. To bridge this knowledge gap, we employed genomic screening to pinpoint relevant metabolic targets. We also devised a targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) metabolomics method to measure the levels of arginine, its upstream precursors, and downstream products in cell-free conditioned media from enteric pathobionts, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes, K. pneumoniae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Acinetobacter baumannii, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis. Our findings revealed that all selected bacterial strains consumed glutamine, glutamate, and arginine, and produced citrulline, ornithine, and GABA in our chemically defined medium. Additionally, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, K. aerogenes, and P. fluorescens were found to convert arginine to agmatine and produce putrescine. Interestingly, arginine supplementation promoted biofilm formation in K. pneumoniae, while ornithine supplementation enhanced biofilm formation in S. epidermidis. These findings offer a comprehensive insight into arginine-ornithine metabolism in enteric pathobionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. Lillie
- Department of Materials Science & EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
- Department of Pathology & ImmunologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of PathologyTexas Children's HospitalHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Charles E. Booth
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Cell BiologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Adelaide E. Horvath
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Cell BiologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Biology & BiochemistryUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of MathematicsUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Matthew Mondragon
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Cell BiologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Melinda A. Engevik
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Cell BiologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Thomas D. Horvath
- Department of Pathology & ImmunologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of PathologyTexas Children's HospitalHoustonTexasUSA
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4
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Zhang W, Dong XY, Huang R. Gut Microbiota in Ischemic Stroke: Role of Gut Bacteria-Derived Metabolites. Transl Stroke Res 2023; 14:811-828. [PMID: 36279071 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) remains a leading cause of death and long-term disability globally. Several mechanisms including glutamate excitotoxicity, calcium overload, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of IS, but the underlying pathophysiology mechanisms of IS are not fully clarified. During the past decade, gut microbiota were recognized as a key regulator to affect the health of the host either directly or via their metabolites. Recent studies indicate that gut bacterial dysbiosis is closely related to hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome, which are the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Increasing evidence indicates that IS can lead to perturbation in gut microbiota and increased permeability of the gut mucosa, known as "leaky gut," resulting in endotoxemia and bacterial translocation. In turn, gut dysbiosis and impaired intestinal permeability can alter gut bacterial metabolite signaling profile from the gut to the brain. Microbiota-derived products and metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln) can exert beneficial or detrimental effects on various extraintestinal organs, including the brain, liver, and heart. These metabolites have been increasingly acknowledged as biomarkers and mediators of IS. However, the specific role of the gut bacterial metabolites in the context of stroke remains incompletely understood. In-depth studies on these products and metabolites may provide new insight for the development of novel therapeutics for IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao Yu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Godur DA, Denton AJ, Eshraghi N, Mittal J, Cooper J, Moosa M, Mittal R. Modulation of Gut Microbiome as a Therapeutic Modality for Auditory Disorders. Audiol Res 2023; 13:741-752. [PMID: 37887847 PMCID: PMC10603848 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13050066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome has been shown to play a pivotal role in health and disease. Recently, there has been increased interest within the auditory community to explore the role of the gut microbiome in the auditory system and its implications for hearing disorders such as sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), otitis media, and tinnitus. Studies have suggested that modulating the gut microbiome using probiotics as well as with diets high in monounsaturated and omega-3 fatty acids is associated with a reduction in inflammation prevalence in auditory disorders. This review aims to evaluate the current literature on modulation of the gut microbiome and its effects on otological conditions. The probiotic conversion of nondigestible carbohydrates into short-chain fatty acids has been shown to provide benefits for improving hearing by maintaining an adequate vascular supply. For acute and secretory otitis media, studies have shown that a combination therapy of probiotics with a decreased dose of antibiotics yields better clinical outcomes than aggressive antibiotic treatment alone. Gut microbiome modulation also alters neurotransmitter levels and reduces neuroinflammation, which may provide benefits for tinnitus by preventing increased neuronal activity. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics, natural health products, and micronutrients on auditory disorders, paving the way to develop novel interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri A. Godur
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Alexa J. Denton
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Nicolas Eshraghi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Jeenu Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Jaimee Cooper
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Moeed Moosa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Rahul Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
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6
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Ma L, Jiang X, Huang Q, Chen W, Zhang H, Pei H, Cao Y, Wang H, Li H. Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A focus on the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115244. [PMID: 37516021 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most frequent cause of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by a progressive decline in cognitive function that is associated with the formation of amyloid beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Gut microbiota comprises of a complex community of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal ecosystem. These microorganisms can participate in gut-brain axis activities, thereby affecting cognitive function and associated behaviours. Increasing evidence has indicated that gut dysbiosis can jeopardise host immune responses and promote inflammation, which may be an initiating factor for the onset and evolution of AD. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a promising resource which encompasses immense chemical diversity and multiple-target characteristics for the treatment of AD. Many TCMs regulate the gut microbiota during treatment of diseases, indicating that gut microbiota may be an important target for TCM efficacy. In this review, we summarised the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the development of AD and the effects of TCM in treating AD by regulating the gut microbiota. We anticipate that this review will provide novel perspectives and strategies for future AD research and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ma
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Xuefan Jiang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Qiaoyi Huang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Wenxuan Chen
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Huiqin Zhang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Hui Pei
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Yu Cao
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Huichan Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, PR China.
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7
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Zuffa S, Schimmel P, Gonzalez-Santana A, Belzer C, Knol J, Bölte S, Falck-Ytter T, Forssberg H, Swann J, Diaz Heijtz R. Early-life differences in the gut microbiota composition and functionality of infants at elevated likelihood of developing autism spectrum disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:257. [PMID: 37443359 PMCID: PMC10344877 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02556-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence from cross-sectional human studies, and preliminary microbial-based intervention studies, have implicated the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the neurobiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Using a prospective longitudinal study design, we investigated the developmental profile of the fecal microbiota and metabolome in infants with (n = 16) and without (n = 19) a family history of ASD across the first 36 months of life. In addition, the general developmental levels of infants were evaluated using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) test at 5 and 36 months of age, and with ADOS-2 at 36 months of age. At 5 months of age, infants at elevated-likelihood of ASD (EL) harbored less Bifidobacterium and more Clostridium and Klebsiella species compared to the low-likelihood infants (LL). Untargeted metabolic profiling highlighted that LL infants excreted a greater amount of fecal γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at 5 months, which progressively declined with age. Similar age-dependent patterns were not observed in the EL group, with GABA being consistently low across all timepoints. Integrated microbiome-metabolome analysis showed a positive correlation between GABA and Bifidobacterium species and negative associations with Clostridium species. In vitro experiments supported these observations demonstrating that bifidobacteria can produce GABA while clostridia can consume it. At the behavioral level, there were no significant differences between the EL and LL groups at 5 months. However, at 36 months of age, the EL group had significantly lower MSEL and ADOS-2 scores compared to the LL group. Taken together, the present results reveal early life alterations in gut microbiota composition and functionality in infants at elevated-likelihood of ASD. These changes occur before any behavioral impairments can be detected, supporting a possible role for the gut microbiota in emerging behavioral variability later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Zuffa
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Patrick Schimmel
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Knol
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sven Bölte
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Terje Falck-Ytter
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Development and Neurodiversity Lab, Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, 751 42, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hans Forssberg
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Swann
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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Ticinesi A, Parise A, Nouvenne A, Cerundolo N, Prati B, Meschi T. The possible role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathophysiology of delirium in older persons. MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2023; 2:19. [PMID: 38046817 PMCID: PMC10688815 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Delirium is a clinical syndrome characterized by an acute change in attention, awareness and cognition with fluctuating course, frequently observed in older patients during hospitalization for acute medical illness or after surgery. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial and still not completely understood, but there is general consensus on the fact that it results from the interaction between an underlying predisposition, such as neurodegenerative diseases, and an acute stressor acting as a trigger, such as infection or anesthesia. Alterations in brain insulin sensitivity and metabolic function, increased blood-brain barrier permeability, neurotransmitter imbalances, abnormal microglial activation and neuroinflammation have all been involved in the pathophysiology of delirium. Interestingly, all these mechanisms can be regulated by the gut microbiota, as demonstrated in experimental studies investigating the microbiota-gut-brain axis in dementia. Aging is also associated with profound changes in gut microbiota composition and functions, which can influence several aspects of disease pathophysiology in the host. This review provides an overview of the emerging evidence linking age-related gut microbiota dysbiosis with delirium, opening new perspectives for the microbiota as a possible target of interventions aimed at delirium prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ticinesi
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Alberto Parise
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Antonio Nouvenne
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Cerundolo
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Beatrice Prati
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Tiziana Meschi
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
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9
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Chan KW, Hebert J, Radford-Smith D, Anthony DC, Burnet PW. Live or heat-killed probiotic administration reduces anxiety and central cytokine expression in BALB/c mice, but differentially alters brain neurotransmitter gene expression. Neuropharmacology 2023; 235:109565. [PMID: 37150398 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
While the potential for probiotic supplements to act as adjunctive treatments for mood disorders has been widely demonstrated, the precise mode of action remains unclear. To investigate the psychotropic effects of a multi-species probiotic supplement on emotional behaviour in male BALB/c mice, we explored the potential mechanisms of action relating to the temporal changes in the mRNA expression of brain cytokines, growth factors, central 5HT receptor and serotonin transporter (SERT) and GABA receptor in the context of probiotic induced behavioural changes. The effects of a heat-killed probiotic, independent of microbial metabolic processes were also evaluated on the same outcomes to understand whether the host response to the bacteria is more or less important than the contribution of the metabolic activity of the bacteria themselves. Results showed that probiotic supplementation reduced anxiety-like behaviours, increased time spent in the light area of the light-dark box, and decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain. Furthermore, probiotic administration elevated hippocampal BDNF and decreased GABAB1β expression. Interestingly, the heat-killed probiotic and its membrane fraction had similar effects on emotional behaviours and gene expression in the brain. The ingestion of live and heat-killed probiotic preparations also reduced TLR2 expression in the gut. Thus, the present study reveals that the anxiolytic action of a multispecies probiotic in BALB/c mice is independent of bacterial viability. This suggests that it is the host response to probiotics, rather than microbial metabolism that facilitates the molecular changes in the brain and downstream behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Wai Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Hebert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | | | - Daniel C Anthony
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Wj Burnet
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom.
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Interrogation of the mammalian gut-brain axis using LC-MS/MS-based targeted metabolomics with in vitro bacterial and organoid cultures and in vivo gnotobiotic mouse models. Nat Protoc 2023; 18:490-529. [PMID: 36352124 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-022-00767-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Interest in the communication between the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system, known as the gut-brain axis, has prompted the development of quantitative analytical platforms to analyze microbe- and host-derived signals. This protocol enables investigations into connections between microbial colonization and intestinal and brain neurotransmitters and contains strategies for the comprehensive evaluation of metabolites in in vitro (organoids) and in vivo mouse model systems. Here we present an optimized workflow that includes procedures for preparing these gut-brain axis model systems: (stage 1) growth of microbes in defined media; (stage 2) microinjection of intestinal organoids; and (stage 3) generation of animal models including germ-free (no microbes), specific-pathogen-free (complete gut microbiota) and specific-pathogen-free re-conventionalized (germ-free mice associated with a complete gut microbiota from a specific-pathogen-free mouse), and Bifidobacterium dentium and Bacteroides ovatus mono-associated mice (germ-free mice colonized with a single gut microbe). We describe targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based metabolomics methods for analyzing microbially derived short-chain fatty acids and neurotransmitters from these samples. Unlike other protocols that commonly examine only stool samples, this protocol includes bacterial cultures, organoid cultures and in vivo samples, in addition to monitoring the metabolite content of stool samples. The incorporation of three experimental models (microbes, organoids and animals) enhances the impact of this protocol. The protocol requires 3 weeks of murine colonization with microbes and ~1-2 weeks for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based instrumental and quantitative analysis, and sample post-processing and normalization.
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11
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Zuo S, Wang H, Zhao Q, Tang J, Wang M, Zhang Y, Sang M, Tian J, Wang P. High levels of Bifidobacteriaceae are associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Front Integr Neurosci 2023; 16:1054627. [PMID: 36686268 PMCID: PMC9846222 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.1054627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is complex and there are no biomarkers for early identification. Many studies have reported altered gut microbiota in patients with PD compared with healthy individuals. However, results from previous studies vary across countries. Aims The aim of this study was to identify gut microbiota biomarkers that could be used as a marker for the diagnosis of PD. Methods Firstly, the differential gut microbiota was obtained by meta-analysis, and then the results of meta-analysis were validated through metagenomic cohort. Finally, the ROC curve was drawn based on the metagenomic validation results. Results The meta-analysis showed a lower relative abundance of Prevotellaceae (p < 0.00001) and Lachnospiraceae (p = 0.002), and a higher of Ruminococcaceae (p < 0.00001), Christensenellaceae (p = 0.03), Bifidobacteriaceae (p < 0.00001), and Verrucomicrobiaceae (p = 0.02) in patients with PD. Only Bifidobacteriaceae was also at high levels in the validation cohort of the metagenome. Meanwhile, three species from the Bifidobacteriaceae, including Scardovia_inopinata (p = 0.022), Bifidobacterium_dentium (p = 0.005), and Scardovia_wiggsiae (p = 0.024) were also high. The ROC curve showed that the three species (71.2%) from Bifidobacteriaceae had good predictive efficiency for PD. Conclusion Elevated Bifidobacteriaceae may be associated with PD. Elevated three species from the Bifidobacteriaceae, including Scardovia_inopinata, Bifidobacterium_dentium and Scardovia_wiggsiae may provide new potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShuJia Zuo
- Postgraduate Union Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China,Department of Neurology, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - HaiJing Wang
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Parkinson’s Disease, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Movement Disorders, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Parkinson’s Disease, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Movement Disorders, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Parkinson’s Disease, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Movement Disorders, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Sang
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Parkinson’s Disease, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Movement Disorders, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Parkinson’s Disease, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Movement Disorders, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China,Jing Tian,
| | - Puqing Wang
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Parkinson’s Disease, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Movement Disorders, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Puqing Wang,
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12
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Galley JD, Mashburn-Warren L, Blalock LC, Lauber CL, Carroll JE, Ross KM, Hobel C, Coussons-Read M, Dunkel Schetter C, Gur TL. Maternal anxiety, depression and stress affects offspring gut microbiome diversity and bifidobacterial abundances. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 107:253-264. [PMID: 36240906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncovering mechanisms underlying fetal programming during pregnancy is of critical importance. Atypical neurodevelopment during the pre- and immediate postnatal period has been associated with long-term adverse health outcomes, including mood disorders and aberrant cognitive ability in offspring. Maternal factors that have been implicated in anomalous offspring development include maternal inflammation and tress, anxiety, and depression. One potential mechanism through which these factors perturb normal offspring postnatal development is through microbiome disruption. The mother is a primary source of early postnatal microbiome seeding for the offspring, and the transference of a healthy microbiome is key in normal neurodevelopment. Since psychological stress, mood disorders, and inflammation have all been implicated in altering maternal microbiome community structure, passing on aberrant microbial communities to the offspring that may then affect developmental outcomes. Therefore, we examined how maternal stress, anxiety and depression assessed with standardized instruments, and maternal inflammatory cytokine levels in the pre- and postnatal period are associated with the offspring microbiome within the first 13 months of life, utilizing full length 16S sequencing on infant stool samples, that allowed for species-level resolution. Results revealed that infants of mothers who reported higher anxiety and perceived stress had reduced alpha diversity. Additionally, the relative taxonomic quantitative abundances of Bifidobacterium dentium and other species that have been associated with either modulation of the gut-brain axis, or other beneficial health outcomes, were reduced in the offspring of mothers with higher anxiety, perceived stress, and depression. We also found associations between bifidobacteria and prenatal maternal pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10. In summary, specific microbial taxa involved in maintaining proper brain and immune function are lower in offspring born to mothers with anxiety, depression, or stress, providing strong evidence for a mechanism by which maternal factors may affect offspring health through microbiota dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Galley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Lexie C Blalock
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christian L Lauber
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Judith E Carroll
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kharah M Ross
- Center for Social Sciences, Athabasca University, Athabasca, Alberta, Canada
| | - Calvin Hobel
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Centre, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mary Coussons-Read
- Department of Psychology, The University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | | | - Tamar L Gur
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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13
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Profiling Antibiotic Resistance in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11070978. [PMID: 35884232 PMCID: PMC9312123 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acinetobacter spp. have emerged as troublesome pathogens due to their multi-drug resistance. The majority of the work to date has focused on the antibiotic resistance profile of Acinetobacter baumannii. Although A. calcoaceticus strains are isolated in the hospital setting, limited information is available on these closely related species. Methods & Results: The computational analysis of antibiotic resistance genes in 1441 Acinetobacter genomes revealed that A. calcoaceticus harbored a similar repertoire of multi-drug efflux pump and beta-lactam resistance genes as A. baumannii, leading us to speculate that A. calcoaceticus would have a similar antibiotic resistance profile to A. baumannii. To profile the resistance patterns of A. calcoaceticus, strains were examined by Kirby−Bauer disk diffusion and phenotypic microarrays. We found that Acinetobacter strains were moderately to highly resistant to certain antibiotics within fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and other antibiotic classes. These data indicate that A. calcoaceticus has a similar antibiotic resistance profile as A. baumannii ATCC 19606. We also identified that all Acinetobacter species were sensitive to 5-fluoroorotic acid, novobiocin, and benzethonium chloride. Conclusion: Collectively, these data provide new insights into the antibiotic resistance in A. calcoaceticus and identify several antibiotics that could be beneficial in treating Acinetobacter infections.
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14
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Dai W, Liu J, Qiu Y, Teng Z, Li S, Yuan H, Huang J, Xiang H, Tang H, Wang B, Chen J, Wu H. Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Cognitive Impairment in Bipolar Disorder: Current Evidence. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:893567. [PMID: 35677440 PMCID: PMC9168430 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.893567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that the gut microbiota influences mood and cognitive function through the gut-brain axis, which is involved in the pathophysiology of neurocognitive and mental disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and schizophrenia. These disorders have similar pathophysiology to that of cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder (BD), including neuroinflammation and dysregulation of various neurotransmitters (i.e., serotonin and dopamine). There is also emerging evidence of alterations in the gut microbial composition of patients with BD, suggesting that gut microbial dysbiosis contributes to disease progression and cognitive impairment in BD. Therefore, microbiota-centered treatment might be an effective adjuvant therapy for BD-related cognitive impairment. Given that studies focusing on connections between the gut microbiota and BD-related cognitive impairment are lagging behind those on other neurocognitive disorders, this review sought to explore the potential mechanisms of how gut microbial dysbiosis affects cognitive function in BD and identify potential microbiota-centered treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jieyu Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostic, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziwei Teng
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostic, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bolun Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haishan Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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15
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Li K, Ly K, Mehta S, Braithwaite A. Importance of crosstalk between the microbiota and the neuroimmune system for tissue homeostasis. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1394. [PMID: 35620584 PMCID: PMC9125509 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The principal function of inflammation is cellular defence against ‘danger signals’ such as tissue injury and pathogen infection to maintain the homeostasis of the organism. The initiation and progression of inflammation are not autonomous as there is substantial evidence that inflammation is known to be strongly influenced by ‘neuroimmune crosstalk’, involving the production and expression of soluble signalling molecules that interact with cell surface receptors. In addition, microbiota have been found to be involved in the development and function of the nervous and immune systems and play an important role in health and disease. Herein, we provide an outline of the mechanisms of neuroimmune communication in the regulation of inflammation and immune response and then provide evidence for the involvement of microbiota in the development and functions of the host nervous and immune systems. It appears that the nervous and immune systems in multicellular organisms have co‐evolved with the microbiota, such that all components are in communication to maximise the ability of the organism to adapt to a wide range of environmental stresses to maintain or restore tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyu Li
- Department of Pathology Dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Kevin Ly
- Department of Pathology Dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Sunali Mehta
- Department of Pathology Dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Antony Braithwaite
- Department of Pathology Dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
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16
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Engevik MA, Stripe LK, Baatz JE, Wagner CL, Chetta KE. Identifying single-strain growth patterns of human gut microbes in response to preterm human milk and formula. Food Funct 2022; 13:5571-5589. [PMID: 35481924 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00447j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota of the preterm neonate has become a major research focus, with evidence emerging that the microbiota influences both short and long-term health outcomes, in the neonatal intensive care unit and beyond. Similar to the term microbiome, the preterm gut microbiome is highly influenced by diet, specifically formula and human milk use. This study aims to analyze next-generation products including preterm formula, human milk-oligosaccharide term formula, and preterm breastmilk. We used a culture-based model to differentially compare the growth patterns of individual bacterial strains found in the human intestine. This model probed 24 strains of commensal bacteria and 8 pathobiont species which have previously been found to cause sepsis in preterm neonates. Remarkable differences between strain growth and culture pH were noted after comparing models of formulas and between human milk and formula. Both formula and human milk supported the growth of commensal bacteria; however, the formula products, but not human milk, supported the growth of several specific pathogenic strains. Computational analysis revealed potential connections between long-chain fatty acid and iron uptake from formula in pathobiont organisms. These findings indicate that there is a unique profile of growth in response to human milk and formula and shed light into how the infant gut microbiota could be influenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda A Engevik
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, USA.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Leah K Stripe
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - John E Baatz
- Department of Pediatrics, C.P. Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Shawn Jenkins Children's Hospital, 10 McClennan Banks Drive, MSC 915, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Carol L Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, C.P. Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Shawn Jenkins Children's Hospital, 10 McClennan Banks Drive, MSC 915, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Katherine E Chetta
- Department of Pediatrics, C.P. Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Shawn Jenkins Children's Hospital, 10 McClennan Banks Drive, MSC 915, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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17
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Xavier JB, Monk JM, Poudel S, Norsigian CJ, Sastry AV, Liao C, Bento J, Suchard MA, Arrieta-Ortiz ML, Peterson EJ, Baliga NS, Stoeger T, Ruffin F, Richardson RA, Gao CA, Horvath TD, Haag AM, Wu Q, Savidge T, Yeaman MR. Mathematical models to study the biology of pathogens and the infectious diseases they cause. iScience 2022; 25:104079. [PMID: 35359802 PMCID: PMC8961237 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mathematical models have many applications in infectious diseases: epidemiologists use them to forecast outbreaks and design containment strategies; systems biologists use them to study complex processes sustaining pathogens, from the metabolic networks empowering microbial cells to ecological networks in the microbiome that protects its host. Here, we (1) review important models relevant to infectious diseases, (2) draw parallels among models ranging widely in scale. We end by discussing a minimal set of information for a model to promote its use by others and to enable predictions that help us better fight pathogens and the diseases they cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao B. Xavier
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Saugat Poudel
- Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Anand V. Sastry
- Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Chen Liao
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jose Bento
- Computer Science Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Marc A. Suchard
- Department of Computational Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Stoeger
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Successful Clinical Response in Pneumonia Therapy (SCRIPT) Systems Biology Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Felicia Ruffin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Reese A.K. Richardson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Successful Clinical Response in Pneumonia Therapy (SCRIPT) Systems Biology Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Catherine A. Gao
- Successful Clinical Response in Pneumonia Therapy (SCRIPT) Systems Biology Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Thomas D. Horvath
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Microbiome Center, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anthony M. Haag
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Microbiome Center, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qinglong Wu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Microbiome Center, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tor Savidge
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Microbiome Center, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael R. Yeaman
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA & Lundquist Institute for Infection & Immunity at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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18
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Ortega MA, Alvarez-Mon MA, García-Montero C, Fraile-Martinez O, Guijarro LG, Lahera G, Monserrat J, Valls P, Mora F, Rodríguez-Jiménez R, Quintero J, Álvarez-Mon M. Gut Microbiota Metabolites in Major Depressive Disorder-Deep Insights into Their Pathophysiological Role and Potential Translational Applications. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12010050. [PMID: 35050172 PMCID: PMC8778125 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem essential for the proper functioning of the organism, affecting the health and disease status of the individuals. There is continuous and bidirectional communication between gut microbiota and the host, conforming to a unique entity known as "holobiont". Among these crosstalk mechanisms, the gut microbiota synthesizes a broad spectrum of bioactive compounds or metabolites which exert pleiotropic effects on the human organism. Many of these microbial metabolites can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or have significant effects on the brain, playing a key role in the so-called microbiota-gut-brain axis. An altered microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis is a major characteristic of many neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). Significative differences between gut eubiosis and dysbiosis in mental disorders like MDD with their different metabolite composition and concentrations are being discussed. In the present review, the main microbial metabolites (short-chain fatty acids -SCFAs-, bile acids, amino acids, tryptophan -trp- derivatives, and more), their signaling pathways and functions will be summarized to explain part of MDD pathophysiology. Conclusions from promising translational approaches related to microbial metabolome will be addressed in more depth to discuss their possible clinical value in the management of MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (F.M.); (J.Q.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Luis G. Guijarro
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (CIBEREHD), Department of System Biology, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Guillermo Lahera
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Psychiatry Service, Center for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Paula Valls
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
| | - Fernando Mora
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (F.M.); (J.Q.)
- Department of Legal Medicine and Psychiatry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Roberto Rodríguez-Jiménez
- Department of Legal Medicine and Psychiatry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Institute for Health Research 12 de Octubre Hospital, (Imas 12)/CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Quintero
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (F.M.); (J.Q.)
- Department of Legal Medicine and Psychiatry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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