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Fu J, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Li X, Jiang C, He H, Huo J, Xiao Q, Wu J, Zhu F, Chen J. Acetylcorynoline alleviates acute liver injury via inhibiting TLR4/JNK/NF-ĸB pathway Based on RNA-seq and molecular docking in vivo and in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 143:113550. [PMID: 39522313 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 10/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Acute liver injury is characterized by massive inflammatory cell infiltration, destruction of liver structure and abnormalities in liver function. Acetylcorynoline (AC) is one of the main chemical components of Corydalis bungeana Turcz. which has been shown to have a protective effect against acute liver injury. However, Whether AC is protective against acute liver injury remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the protective mechanism of AC against acute liver injury from in vivo as well as experiments in vitro. In experimental in vivo studies, AC pretreatment reduced the serum levels of ALT and AST and inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors in the liver of LPS/D-GalN-induced mice and alcohol liver disease mice. RNA-sequencing and molecular docking were used to predict that AC exerts its anti-inflammatory effects through the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Using RT-qPCR and Western blotting to detect expression levels of key genes and nodal proteins of the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, AC was found to inhibit the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-ĸB) and c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK). This finding was validated in cellular experiments. In conclusion, AC exerts its anti-hepatic injury effect by suppressing inflammation through inhibition of the TLR4/JNK/NF-ĸB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Zhenxu Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Yaning Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Haoran He
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Jiege Huo
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Clinical Innovation Center of Digestive Cancer of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Qi Xiao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Jie Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Fenxia Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
| | - Jiaquan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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Hong X, Huang S, Jiang H, Ma Q, Qiu J, Luo Q, Cao C, Xu Y, Chen F, Chen Y, Sun C, Fu H, Liu Y, Li C, Chen F, Qiu P. Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD): current perspectives on pathogenesis, therapeutic strategies, and animal models. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1432480. [PMID: 39669199 PMCID: PMC11635172 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1432480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It encompasses conditions such as fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, chronic hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Numerous recent studies have demonstrated the critical role of oxidative stress, abnormal lipid metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum stress, various forms of cell death (including apoptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis), intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, liver immune response, cell autophagy, and epigenetic abnormalities in the pathogenesis of ALD. Currently, abstinence, corticosteroids, and nutritional therapy are the traditional therapeutic interventions for ALD. Emerging therapies for ALD mainly include the blockade of inflammatory pathways, the promotion of liver regeneration, and the restoration of normal microbiota. Summarizing the advances in animal models of ALD will facilitate a more systematic investigation of the pathogenesis of ALD and the exploration of therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the latest insight into the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of ALD, as well as the pros and cons of ALD rodent models, providing a basis for further research on therapeutic strategies for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Jiang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Ma
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qihan Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunlu Cao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiyang Xu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fuzhe Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufan Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunfeng Sun
- The First People’s Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haozhe Fu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changyu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangming Chen
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Wang X, Sun Z, Wang X, Li M, Zhou B, Zhang X. Solanum nigrum L. berries extract ameliorated the alcoholic liver injury by regulating gut microbiota, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Food Res Int 2024; 188:114489. [PMID: 38823872 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Solanum nigrum L. (SN) berry is an edible berry containing abundant polyphenols and bioactive compounds, which possess antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties. However, the effects of SN on alcohol-induced biochemical changes in the enterohepatic axis remain unclear. In the current study, a chronic ethanol-fed mice ALD model was used to test the protective mechanisms of SN berries. Microbiota composition was determined via 16S rRNA sequencing, we found that SN berries extract (SNE) improved intestinal imbalance by reducing the Firmicutes to Bacteroides ratio, restoring the abundance of Akkermansia microbiota, and reducing the abundance of Allobaculum and Shigella. SNE restored the intestinal short-chain fatty acids content. In addition, liver transcriptome data analysis revealed that SNE primarily affected the genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, SNE ameliorated hepatic steatosis in alcohol-fed mice by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α). SNE reduced the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88) nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), which can indicate that SNE mainly adjusted LPS/TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway to reduce liver inflammation. SNE enhanced hepatic antioxidant capacity by regulating NRF2-related protein expression. SNE alleviates alcoholic liver injury by regulating of gut microbiota, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This study may provide a reference for the development and utilization of SN resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqi Sun
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjie Li
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Boru Zhou
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshu Zhang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
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Han J, Lee C, Jeong H, Jeon S, Lee M, Lee H, Choi YH, Jung Y. Tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 protein and its derived peptide ameliorate liver fibrosis by repressing CD44 activation in mice with alcohol-related liver disease. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:54. [PMID: 38790021 PMCID: PMC11127441 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01042-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is a major health concern worldwide, but effective therapeutics for ALD are still lacking. Tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 protein (TSG-6), a cytokine released from mesenchymal stem cells, was shown to reduce liver fibrosis and promote successful liver repair in mice with chronically damaged livers. However, the effect of TSG-6 and the mechanism underlying its activity in ALD remain poorly understood. METHODS To investigate its function in ALD mice with fibrosis, male mice chronically fed an ethanol (EtOH)-containing diet for 9 weeks were treated with TSG-6 (EtOH + TSG-6) or PBS (EtOH + Veh) for an additional 3 weeks. RESULTS Severe hepatic injury in EtOH-treated mice was markedly decreased in TSG-6-treated mice fed EtOH. The EtOH + TSG-6 group had less fibrosis than the EtOH + Veh group. Activation of cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) was reported to promote HSC activation. CD44 and nuclear CD44 intracellular domain (ICD), a CD44 activator which were upregulated in activated HSCs and ALD mice were significantly downregulated in TSG-6-exposed mice fed EtOH. TSG-6 interacted directly with the catalytic site of MMP14, a proteolytic enzyme that cleaves CD44, inhibited CD44 cleavage to CD44ICD, and reduced HSC activation and liver fibrosis in ALD mice. In addition, a novel peptide designed to include a region that binds to the catalytic site of MMP14 suppressed CD44 activation and attenuated alcohol-induced liver injury, including fibrosis, in mice. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that TSG-6 attenuates alcohol-induced liver damage and fibrosis by blocking CD44 cleavage to CD44ICD and suggest that TSG-6 and TSG-6-mimicking peptide could be used as therapeutics for ALD with fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsol Han
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanbin Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayeong Jeong
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee Jeon
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunggyo Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeseung Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-Eui University College of Korean Medicine, Pusan, 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmi Jung
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Yoladı FB, Burmaoğlu E, Palabıyık ŞS. Experimental In Vivo Toxicity Models for Alcohol Toxicity. Eurasian J Med 2023; 55:82-90. [PMID: 39109811 PMCID: PMC11075036 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.23345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption poses a significant risk for the development of chronic illnesses, one of the leading causes of "preventable" disease and death worldwide. Harmful consumption of alcohol is thought to result in approximately 2.5-3 million deaths each year, the majority of which are caused by alcohol-related liver diseases. Hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis, fibrosis, steatosis, and steatohepatitis are among the liver illnesses caused by alcohol. The mechanisms behind human diseases are often mimicked and understood through the use of animal models. Rodents are the ideal animals to study alcohol-related liver diseases. In these experimental models using rodents, the ethanol ratio, method of administration, and diet to be applied vary. Within the scope of this review, it is aimed at providing information about the experimental models used today for alcohol toxicity and the advantages and disadvantages of these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Betül Yoladı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Atatürk University Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Şaziye Sezin Palabıyık
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Atatürk University Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzurum, Turkey
- Clinical Research, Development and Design Application and Research Center, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Zhu L, Xu JJ, Li HD, Li JJ, Cheng M, Niu XN, Jia PC, Liu JY, Huang C, Lv XW, Li J. Berberine Ameliorates Abnormal Lipid Metabolism via the Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase/Sirtuin 1 Pathway in Alcohol-Related Liver Disease. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100041. [PMID: 36870291 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2022.100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is an early stage of alcohol-related liver disease characterized by abnormal lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. To date, to our knowledge, there have been no effective strategies for preventing or treating alcohol-related liver disease besides alcohol abstinence. Berberine (BBR) is the main bioactive ingredient extracted from traditional Chinese medicines, such as Coptis and Scutellaria, which protect liver function and relieve liver steatosis. However, the potential role of BBR in AFLD remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the protective effects of BBR against Gao-binge model-induced AFLD in 6- to 8-week-old C57BL/6J male mice in vivo and ethyl alcohol (EtOH)-induced alpha mouse liver 12 (AML-12) cells in vitro. The results showed that BBR (200 mg/kg) attenuated alcoholic liver injury and suppressed lipid accumulation and metabolism disorders in vivo. Consistently, BBR effectively inhibited the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1C, sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 2, fatty acid synthase, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoenzymeA reductase in EtOH-stimulated AML-12 cells in vitro and promoted the expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in EtOH-fed mice and EtOH-treated AML-12 cells. Furthermore, SIRT1 silencing attenuated the hepatic steatosis alleviation potential of BBR treatment. Mechanistically, molecular docking revealed the binding effect of BBR and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The results of further studies showed that a decrease in AMPK activity was accompanied by a significant inhibition of SIRT1 expression. SIRT1 silencing attenuated the protective effect of BBR, whereas the inhibition of its expression had no apparent effect on AMPK phosphorylation, suggesting that SIRT1 acts downstream of AMPK in AFLD. Collectively, BBR ameliorated abnormal lipid metabolism and alleviated EtOH-induced liver injury via the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway in AFLD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jie-Jie Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-Di Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan-Juan Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Miao Cheng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Ni Niu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Jia
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing-Yu Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Xiong-Wen Lv
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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