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Hamdi A, Horchani M, Jannet HB, Snoussi M, Noumi E, Bouali N, Kadri A, Polito F, De Feo V, Edziri H. In Vitro Screening of Antimicrobial and Anti-Coagulant Activities, ADME Profiling, and Molecular Docking Study of Citrus limon L. and Citrus paradisi L. Cold-Pressed Volatile Oils. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1669. [PMID: 38139796 PMCID: PMC10748103 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus, which belongs to the Rutaceae family, is a very widespread genus in the Mediterranean Basin. In Tunisia, various parts of these spontaneous or cultivated plants are used in common dishes or in traditional medicine. The purpose of this work was to investigate C. limon and C. paradisi essential oil (EO). The samples were studied for their chemical composition using SPME/MS, as well as their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) methods were used to evaluate the anticoagulant potentialities. The obtained results show that both essential oils are rich in monoterpenes hydrocarbons, whereby limonene is the main compound in C. paradisi EO (86.8%) and C. limon EO (60.6%). Moreover, C. paradisi EO contains β-pinene (13.3%), sabinene (2.2%) and α-pinene (2.1%). The antibacterial assay of the essential oils showed important bactericidal and fungicidal effects against all strains tested. In fact, the MICs values of C. limon EO ranged from 0.625 to 2.5 mg/mL against all Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/mL for Candida spp. strains, while C. paradisi EO was more active against all bacteria with low MICs values ranging from 0.192 to 0.786 mg/mL, and about 1.5 mg/mL against Candida species. Both tested Citrus EOs exhibited interesting anticoagulant activities as compared to heparin. The molecular docking approach was used to study the binding affinity and molecular interactions of all identified compounds with active sites of cytidine deaminase from Klebsiella pneumoniae (PDB: 6K63) and the C (30) carotenoid dehydrosqualene synthase from Staphylococcus aureus (PDB: 2ZCQ). The obtained results show that limonene had the highest binding score of -4.6 kcal.mol-1 with 6K63 enzyme, and -6.7 kcal.mol-1 with 2ZCQ receptor. The ADME profiling of the major constituents confirmed their important pharmacokinetic and drug-like properties. Hence, the obtained results highlight the potential use of both C. limon and C. paradisi essential oils as sources of bioactive compounds with antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-coagulant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assia Hamdi
- Laboratory of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Development of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia;
| | - Mabrouk Horchani
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of Environment, Monastir 5019, Tunisia; (M.H.); (H.B.J.)
| | - Hichem Ben Jannet
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of Environment, Monastir 5019, Tunisia; (M.H.); (H.B.J.)
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (E.N.); (N.B.)
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha’il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emira Noumi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (E.N.); (N.B.)
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha’il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouha Bouali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (E.N.); (N.B.)
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha’il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Kadri
- College of Science and Arts in Baljurashi, Al Baha University, Al Baha 65527, Saudi Arabia;
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology Applied to Crop Improvement, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Flavio Polito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Hayet Edziri
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir 5000, Tunisia;
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Nikitina LE, Bocharov PS, Ksenofontov AA, Antina EV, Gilfanov IR, Pavelyev RS, Ostolopovskaya OV, Fedyunina IV, Azizova ZR, Pestova SV, Izmest’ev ES, Rubtsova SA, Boichuk SV, Galembikova AR, Smolyarchuk EA, Mustafin IG, Kayumov AR, Samorodov AV. Unraveling the Mechanism of Platelet Aggregation Suppression by Thioterpenoids: Molecular Docking and In Vivo Antiaggregant Activity. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:570. [PMID: 38132509 PMCID: PMC10742178 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8080570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural monoterpenes and their derivatives are widely considered the effective ingredients for the design and production of novel biologically active compounds. In this study, by using the molecular docking technique, we examined the effects of two series of "sulfide-sulfoxide-sulfone" thioterpenoids containing different (e.g., bornane and pinane) monoterpene skeletons on the platelet's aggregation. Our data revealed that all the synthesized compounds exhibit inhibitory activities on platelet aggregation. For example, compound 1 effectively inhibited platelet activation and demonstrated direct binding with CD61 integrin, a well-known platelet GPIIb-IIIa receptor on platelets. We further examined the antiaggregant activity of the most active compound, 1, in vivo and compared its activity with that of acetylsalicylic acid and an oral GPIIb-IIIa blocker, orbofiban. We found that compound 1 demonstrates antiaggregant activity in rats when administered per os and its activity was comparable with that of acetylsalicylic acid and orbofiban. Moreover, similarly, tirofiban, a well-known GPIIb-IIIa blocker, compound 1, effectively decreased the expression of P-selectin to the values similar to those of the intact platelets. Collectively, here, we show, for the first time, the potent antiaggregant activity of compound 1 both in vitro and in vivo due to its ability to bind with the GPIIb-IIIa receptor on platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya E. Nikitina
- General and Organic Chemistry Department, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (O.V.O.); (I.V.F.); (Z.R.A.)
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (I.R.G.); (R.S.P.); (S.V.B.)
| | - Pavel S. Bocharov
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia; (P.S.B.); (A.A.K.); (E.V.A.)
| | - Alexander A. Ksenofontov
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia; (P.S.B.); (A.A.K.); (E.V.A.)
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Elena V. Antina
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia; (P.S.B.); (A.A.K.); (E.V.A.)
| | - Ilmir R. Gilfanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (I.R.G.); (R.S.P.); (S.V.B.)
- Varnishes and Paints Coatings Department, Kazan National Research Technological University, 420015 Kazan, Russia
| | - Roman S. Pavelyev
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (I.R.G.); (R.S.P.); (S.V.B.)
| | - Olga V. Ostolopovskaya
- General and Organic Chemistry Department, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (O.V.O.); (I.V.F.); (Z.R.A.)
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (I.R.G.); (R.S.P.); (S.V.B.)
| | - Inna V. Fedyunina
- General and Organic Chemistry Department, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (O.V.O.); (I.V.F.); (Z.R.A.)
| | - Zulfiya R. Azizova
- General and Organic Chemistry Department, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (O.V.O.); (I.V.F.); (Z.R.A.)
| | - Svetlana V. Pestova
- Medical Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 167000 Syktyvkar, Russia; (S.V.P.); (E.S.I.); (S.A.R.)
| | - Evgeniy S. Izmest’ev
- Medical Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 167000 Syktyvkar, Russia; (S.V.P.); (E.S.I.); (S.A.R.)
| | - Svetlana A. Rubtsova
- Medical Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 167000 Syktyvkar, Russia; (S.V.P.); (E.S.I.); (S.A.R.)
| | - Sergei V. Boichuk
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (I.R.G.); (R.S.P.); (S.V.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia;
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiology, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Elena A. Smolyarchuk
- Department of Pharmacology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 125993 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ilshat G. Mustafin
- Biochemistry Department, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Airat R. Kayumov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (I.R.G.); (R.S.P.); (S.V.B.)
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