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Ranjha L, Levikova M, Altmannova V, Krejci L, Cejka P. Sumoylation regulates the stability and nuclease activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dna2. Commun Biol 2019; 2:174. [PMID: 31098407 PMCID: PMC6506525 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0428-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dna2 is an essential nuclease-helicase that acts in several distinct DNA metabolic pathways including DNA replication and recombination. To balance these functions and prevent unscheduled DNA degradation, Dna2 activities must be regulated. Here we show that Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dna2 function is controlled by sumoylation. We map the sumoylation sites to the N-terminal regulatory domain of Dna2 and show that in vitro sumoylation of recombinant Dna2 impairs its nuclease but not helicase activity. In cells, the total levels of the non-sumoylatable Dna2 variant are elevated. However, non-sumoylatable Dna2 shows impaired nuclear localization and reduced recruitment to foci upon DNA damage. Non-sumoylatable Dna2 reduces the rate of DNA end resection, as well as impedes cell growth and cell cycle progression through S phase. Taken together, these findings show that in addition to Dna2 phosphorylation described previously, Dna2 sumoylation is required for the homeostasis of the Dna2 protein function to promote genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lepakshi Ranjha
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Maryna Levikova
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Veronika Altmannova
- Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lumir Krejci
- Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
- National Center for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Cejka
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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2
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Fox BM, Janssen A, Estevez-Ordonez D, Gessler F, Vicario N, Chagoya G, Elsayed G, Sotoudeh H, Stetler W, Friedman GK, Bernstock JD. SUMOylation in Glioblastoma: A Novel Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081853. [PMID: 30991648 PMCID: PMC6514907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein SUMOylation is a dynamic post-translational modification which is involved in a diverse set of physiologic processes throughout the cell. Of note, SUMOylation also plays a role in the pathobiology of a myriad of cancers, one of which is glioblastoma (GBM). Accordingly, herein, we review core aspects of SUMOylation as it relates to GBM and in so doing highlight putative methods/modalities capable of therapeutically engaging the pathway for treatment of this deadly neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Fox
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1060 Faculty Office Tower, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA.
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Boulevard, SHEL 121, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Andrew Janssen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1060 Faculty Office Tower, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA.
| | - Dagoberto Estevez-Ordonez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1060 Faculty Office Tower, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA.
| | - Florian Gessler
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Nunzio Vicario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n. 97, Torre Biologica, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Gustavo Chagoya
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1060 Faculty Office Tower, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA.
| | - Galal Elsayed
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1060 Faculty Office Tower, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA.
| | - Houman Sotoudeh
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Jefferson Tower N419-619 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA.
| | - William Stetler
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1060 Faculty Office Tower, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA.
| | - Gregory K Friedman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1060 Faculty Office Tower, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA.
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Jefferson Tower N419-619 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA.
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Lowder 512, 1600 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA.
| | - Joshua D Bernstock
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1060 Faculty Office Tower, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA.
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Boulevard, SHEL 121, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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The mRNA export adaptor Yra1 contributes to DNA double-strand break repair through its C-box domain. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0206336. [PMID: 30951522 PMCID: PMC6450643 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Yra1 is an mRNA export adaptor involved in mRNA biogenesis and export in S. cerevisiae. Yra1 overexpression was recently shown to promote accumulation of DNA:RNA hybrids favoring DNA double strand breaks (DSB), cell senescence and telomere shortening, via an unknown mechanism. Yra1 was also identified at an HO-induced DSB and Yra1 depletion causes defects in DSB repair. Previous work from our laboratory showed that Yra1 ubiquitination by Tom1 is important for mRNA export. Here, we found that Yra1 is also ubiquitinated by the SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligases Slx5-Slx8 implicated in the interaction of irreparable DSB with nuclear pores. We further show that Yra1 binds an HO-induced irreparable DSB in a process dependent on resection. Importantly, a Yra1 mutant lacking the evolutionarily conserved C-box is not recruited to an HO-induced irreparable DSB and becomes lethal under DSB induction in a HO-cut reparable system. Together, the data provide evidence that Yra1 plays a crucial role in DSB repair via homologous recombination. While Yra1 sumoylation and/or ubiquitination are dispensable, the Yra1 C-box region is essential in this process.
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Silva S, Altmannova V, Eckert-Boulet N, Kolesar P, Gallina I, Hang L, Chung I, Arneric M, Zhao X, Buron LD, Mortensen UH, Krejci L, Lisby M. SUMOylation of Rad52-Rad59 synergistically change the outcome of mitotic recombination. DNA Repair (Amst) 2016; 42:11-25. [PMID: 27130983 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) is essential for maintenance of genome stability through double-strand break (DSB) repair, but at the same time HR can lead to loss of heterozygosity and uncontrolled recombination can be genotoxic. The post-translational modification by SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) has been shown to modulate recombination, but the exact mechanism of this regulation remains unclear. Here we show that SUMOylation stabilizes the interaction between the recombination mediator Rad52 and its paralogue Rad59 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Although Rad59 SUMOylation is not required for survival after genotoxic stress, it affects the outcome of recombination to promote conservative DNA repair. In some genetic assays, Rad52 and Rad59 SUMOylation act synergistically. Collectively, our data indicate that the described SUMO modifications affect the balance between conservative and non-conservative mechanisms of HR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Silva
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Veronika Altmannova
- Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A7, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nadine Eckert-Boulet
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Peter Kolesar
- Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A7, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Irene Gallina
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Lisa Hang
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Inn Chung
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Milica Arneric
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xiaolan Zhao
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Line Due Buron
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 223, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Uffe H Mortensen
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 223, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lumir Krejci
- Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A7, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A4, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Lisby
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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Kolesar P, Altmannova V, Silva S, Lisby M, Krejci L. Pro-recombination Role of Srs2 Protein Requires SUMO (Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier) but Is Independent of PCNA (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen) Interaction. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:7594-607. [PMID: 26861880 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.685891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Srs2 plays many roles in DNA repair, the proper regulation and coordination of which is essential. Post-translational modification by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is one such possible mechanism. Here, we investigate the role of SUMO in Srs2 regulation and show that the SUMO-interacting motif (SIM) of Srs2 is important for the interaction with several recombination factors. Lack of SIM, but not proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-interacting motif (PIM), leads to increased cell death under circumstances requiring homologous recombination for DNA repair. Simultaneous mutation of SIM in asrs2ΔPIMstrain leads to a decrease in recombination, indicating a pro-recombination role of SUMO. Thus SIM has an ambivalent function in Srs2 regulation; it not only mediates interaction with SUMO-PCNA to promote the anti-recombination function but it also plays a PCNA-independent pro-recombination role, probably by stimulating the formation of recombination complexes. The fact that deletion of PIM suppresses the phenotypes of Srs2 lacking SIM suggests that proper balance between the anti-recombination PCNA-bound and pro-recombination pools of Srs2 is crucial. Notably, sumoylation of Srs2 itself specifically stimulates recombination at the rDNA locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kolesar
- From the Department of Biology and National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Sonia Silva
- the Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark, and
| | - Michael Lisby
- the Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark, and
| | - Lumir Krejci
- From the Department of Biology and National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic, the International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
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Bologna S, Altmannova V, Valtorta E, Koenig C, Liberali P, Gentili C, Anrather D, Ammerer G, Pelkmans L, Krejci L, Ferrari S. Sumoylation regulates EXO1 stability and processing of DNA damage. Cell Cycle 2015; 14:2439-50. [PMID: 26083678 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1060381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA double-strand break repair by the error-free pathway of homologous recombination (HR) requires the concerted action of several factors. Among these, EXO1 and DNA2/BLM are responsible for the extensive resection of DNA ends to produce 3'-overhangs, which are essential intermediates for downstream steps of HR. Here we show that EXO1 is a SUMO target and that sumoylation affects EXO1 ubiquitylation and protein stability. We identify an UBC9-PIAS1/PIAS4-dependent mechanism controlling human EXO1 sumoylation in vivo and demonstrate conservation of this mechanism in yeast by the Ubc9-Siz1/Siz2 using an in vitro reconstituted system. Furthermore, we show physical interaction between EXO1 and the de-sumoylating enzyme SENP6 both in vitro and in vivo, promoting EXO1 stability. Finally, we identify the major sites of sumoylation in EXO1 and show that ectopic expression of a sumoylation-deficient form of EXO1 rescues the DNA damage-induced chromosomal aberrations observed upon wt-EXO1 expression. Thus, our study identifies a novel layer of regulation of EXO1, making the pathways that regulate its function an ideal target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Bologna
- a Institute of Molecular Cancer Research; University of Zurich ; Zurich , Switzerland
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Vigasova D, Sarangi P, Kolesar P, Vlasáková D, Slezakova Z, Altmannova V, Nikulenkov F, Anrather D, Gith R, Zhao X, Chovanec M, Krejci L. Lif1 SUMOylation and its role in non-homologous end-joining. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:5341-53. [PMID: 23571759 PMCID: PMC3664818 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) repairs DNA double-strand breaks by tethering and ligating the two DNA ends. The mechanisms regulating NHEJ efficiency and interplay between its components are not fully understood. Here, we identify and characterize the SUMOylation of budding yeast Lif1 protein, which is required for the ligation step in NHEJ. We show that Lif1 SUMOylation occurs throughout the cell cycle and requires the Siz SUMO ligases. Single-strand DNA, but not double-strand DNA or the Lif1 binding partner Nej1, is inhibitory to Lif1 SUMOylation. We identify lysine 301 as the major conjugation site and demonstrate that its replacement with arginine completely abolishes Lif1 SUMOylation in vivo and in vitro. The lif1-K301R mutant cells exhibit increased levels of NHEJ repair compared with wild-type cells throughout the cell cycle. This is likely due to the inhibitory effect of Lif1 SUMOylation on both its self-association and newly observed single-strand DNA binding activity. Taken together, these findings suggest that SUMOylation of Lif1 represents a new regulatory mechanism that downregulates NHEJ in a cell cycle phase-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Vigasova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Bratislava 83391, Slovak Republic
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Cremona CA, Sarangi P, Zhao X. Sumoylation and the DNA damage response. Biomolecules 2012; 2:376-388. [PMID: 24926426 PMCID: PMC4030838 DOI: 10.3390/biom2030376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular response to DNA damage involves multiple pathways that work together to promote survival in the face of increased genotoxic lesions. Proteins in these pathways are often posttranslationally modified, either by small groups such as phosphate, or by protein modifiers such as ubiquitin or SUMO. The recent discovery of many more SUMO substrates that are modified at higher levels in damage conditions adds weight to the accumulated evidence suggesting that sumoylation plays an important functional role in the DNA damage response. Here we discuss the significance of DNA damage-induced sumoylation, the effects of sumoylation on repair proteins, sumoylation dynamics, and crosstalk with other posttranslational modifications in the DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A. Cremona
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (C.A.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Prabha Sarangi
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (C.A.C.); (P.S.)
- Programs in Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xiaolan Zhao
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (C.A.C.); (P.S.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +1-212-639-5582; Fax: +1-646-422-2062
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