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González-Blanco C, Iglesias-Fortes S, Lockwood ÁC, Figaredo C, Vitulli D, Guillén C. The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Metabolic Diseases. Biomedicines 2024; 12:992. [PMID: 38790954 PMCID: PMC11117504 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles represent a group of structures with the capacity to communicate with different cells and organs. This complex network of interactions can regulate multiple physiological processes in the organism. Very importantly, these processes can be altered during the appearance of different diseases including cancer, metabolic diseases, etc. In addition, these extracellular vesicles can transport different cargoes, altering the initiation of the disease, driving the progression, or even accelerating the pathogenesis. Then, we have explored the implication of these structures in different alterations such as pancreatic cancer, and in different metabolic alterations such as diabetes and its complications and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Finally, we have explored in more detail the communication between the liver and the pancreas. In summary, extracellular vesicles represent a very efficient system for the communication among different tissues and permit an efficient system as biomarkers of the disease, as well as being involved in the extracellular-vesicle-mediated transport of molecules, serving as a potential therapy for different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos González-Blanco
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.G.-B.); (Á.C.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.I.-F.); (C.F.); (D.V.)
- IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Dirección General de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (DGIIT), Consejería de Educación y Universidades, Comunidad de Madrid, 28001 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sarai Iglesias-Fortes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.I.-F.); (C.F.); (D.V.)
| | - Ángela Cristina Lockwood
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.G.-B.); (Á.C.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.I.-F.); (C.F.); (D.V.)
- Dirección General de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (DGIIT), Consejería de Educación y Universidades, Comunidad de Madrid, 28001 Madrid, Spain
| | - César Figaredo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.I.-F.); (C.F.); (D.V.)
| | - Daniela Vitulli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.I.-F.); (C.F.); (D.V.)
| | - Carlos Guillén
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.G.-B.); (Á.C.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.I.-F.); (C.F.); (D.V.)
- IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Dirección General de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (DGIIT), Consejería de Educación y Universidades, Comunidad de Madrid, 28001 Madrid, Spain
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Kuang Q, Gao L, Feng L, Xiong X, Yang J, Zhang W, Huang L, Li L, Luo P. Toxicological effects of microplastics in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2350-2362. [PMID: 38156432 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The widespread presence of microplastics (MPs) in the environment poses a significant threat to biological survival and human health. However, our understanding of the toxic effects of MPs on the kidneys remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of the toxic effects of MPs on the kidneys using an ischemia-reperfusion (IR) mouse model. Four-week-old ICR mice were exposed to 0.5 μm MPs for 12 weeks prior to IR injury. The results showed that MPs exposure could aggravate the IR-induced damage to renal tubules and glomeruli. Although there were no significant changes in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels 7 days after IR, MPs treatment resulted in a slight increase in both parameters. In addition, the expression levels of inflammatory factors (MCP-1 and IL-6) at the mRNA level, as well as macrophage markers (CD68 and F4/80), were significantly higher in the MPs + IR group than in the Sham group after IR. Furthermore, MPs exposure exacerbated IR-induced renal fibrosis. Importantly, the expression of pyroptosis-related genes, including NLRP3, ASC, GSDMD, cleaved caspase-1, and IL-18, was significantly upregulated by MPs, indicating that MPs exacerbate pyroptosis in the context of renal IR. In conclusion, our findings suggest that MPs exposure can aggravate renal IR-induced pyroptosis by activating NLRP3-GSDMD signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Kuang
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Third Hospital and Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Likun Gao
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixiang Feng
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Third Hospital, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Xiong
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Third Hospital, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Urology, Department of Urology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Department of Urology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Lizhi Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Li
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengcheng Luo
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Third Hospital and Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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3
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Li S, Zheng S, Li J, Lin S, Li H, Wang P, Chen P, Ma C, Liu Y. Research progress on extracellular vesicles in the renal tubular injury of diabetic kidney disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1257430. [PMID: 37732129 PMCID: PMC10507342 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1257430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes and is a chronic progressive condition. It is also a common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which is characterized by proteinuria or a progressive decline in the glomerular filtration rate. Due to their dependence on high-energy and aerobic metabolism, renal tubules are more susceptible to the metabolic disturbances associated with DKD, leading to inflammation and fibrosis. Consequently, tubular injury has become a recent research focus, and significant advancements have been made in studying the role of extracellular vesicles in DKD-associated tubular injury. This review aimed to elucidate the mechanisms and potential applications of different types of extracellular vesicles in tubular injury in DKD to provide new insights for the prevention and treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Binzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Sen Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nephrology Research Institute of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nephrology Research Institute of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Chaoqun Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yipeng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nephrology Research Institute of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
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Zhu L, Xie C, Chen L, Dai X, Zhou Y, Pan H, Tian K. Transport of microplastics in the body and interaction with biological barriers, and controlling of microplastics pollution. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114818. [PMID: 36958263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are one novel environmental pollutant sized < 5 mm that is ubiquitously present in numerous environmental media and particularly susceptible to interact with various toxic chemicals. Importantly, MPs can enter the food chain, and are bio-enriched and bio-accumulated with trophic levels, eventually endangering ecosystems and human health. However, there need to be more understanding regarding the bio-interaction of MPs with the host, particularly for biological barriers. This review aimed to summarize the latest findings regarding the main exposure routes of MPs that generated health burdens on humans. Furthermore, their interactions with biological barriers that generate adverse health effects and the underlying mechanisms were also reviewed. Additionally, we provided a comprehensive overview of recent advances regarding the removing and controlling of MPs. Finally, we discussed the future directions for MPs hazard prevention to provide helpful information for regulating decision-making and guiding safer plastics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Caiyan Xie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xingyu Dai
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yuanzhong Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Hong Pan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Kunming Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
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Wang Z, Jian G, Chen T, Chen Y, Li J, Wang N. The Qi-Bang-Yi-Shen formula ameliorates renal dysfunction and fibrosis in rats with diabetic kidney disease <em>via</em> regulating PI3K/AKT, ERK and PPARγ signaling pathways. Eur J Histochem 2023; 67. [PMID: 36856315 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2023.3648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a growing public health problem worldwide. Losartan potassium (Los), an angiotensin II receptor blocker, has been used to treat DKD clinically. Recently, multi-herbal formula has been shown to exhibit therapeutic activities in DKD in China. Thus, we aimed to explore the protective effects of combination of Los and Qi-Bang-Yi-Shen formula (QBF) on DKD rats. Streptozotocin (STZ) injection was used to establish a rat model of DKD. Next, the bloodurea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE) and uric acid (UA) levels were detected in serum samples from DKD rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and Masson staining were performed to observe glomerular injury and glomerular fibrosis in DKD rats. In this study, we found that QBF or Los treatment could decrease serum BUN, CRE, UA levels and reduce urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) in DKD rats. Additionally, QBF or Los treatment obviously inhibited glomerular mesangial expansion and glomerular fibrosis, attenuated glomerular injury in kidney tissues of DKD rats. Moreover, QBF or Los treatment significantly reduced PI3K, AKT and ERK1/2 protein expressions, but increased PPARγ level in kidney tissues of DKD rats. As expected, combined treatment of QBF and Los could exert enhanced reno-protective effects compared with the single treatment. Collectively, combination of QBF and Los could ameliorate renal injury and fibrosis in DKD rats via regulating PI3K/AKT, ERK and PPARγ signaling pathways. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of QBF to prevent DKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai.
| | - Guihua Jian
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai.
| | - Teng Chen
- Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai.
| | - Yiping Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai.
| | - Junhui Li
- Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai.
| | - Niansong Wang
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai.
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Kanakalakshmi ST, Swaminathan SM, Basthi Mohan P, Nagaraju SP, Bhojaraja MV, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL. Microparticles in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 531:418-425. [PMID: 35568209 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetickidneydisease(DKD)isthemostcommoncauseofrenal failure and a major contributor to the socioeconomic burden in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients worldwide. The pathogenesis of DKD involves all the structures in the nephron, and it is indicated by proteinuria, hypertension, and progressive decline in renal function, leading tosubstantialmorbidityandmortality. Due to the limitations of currently available standard markers (albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate) in the diagnosis and clinical grading of DKD, it's time to have novel biomarkers for early detection, targeted and effective therapy to prevent the progression. Microparticles (MPs) are extracellular vesicles measuring 0.1 to 1 micron derived by cytoskeletal reorganization in the form of cytoplasmic blebs which alters the phospholipid cytochemistry of the cell membrane. They are shed during cell activation and apoptosis as well as plays an important role in cell-to-cell communication. Over the last few decades, both plasma and urinary MPs have been investigated, validated and the preliminary research looks promising. With alterations in their number and composition documented in clinical situations involving both Type1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, microparticles assay appears to be promising in early diagnosis and prognostication of DKD. WecoverthebasicsofmicroparticlesandtheirinvolvementinDKDinthisreviewarticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Thimmaiah Kanakalakshmi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shilna Muttickal Swaminathan
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja Basthi Mohan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shankar Prasad Nagaraju
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohan V Bhojaraja
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
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7
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Ha KB, Sangartit W, Jeong AR, Lee ES, Kim HM, Shim S, Kukongviriyapan U, Kim DK, Lee EY, Chung CH. EW-7197 Attenuates the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice through Suppression of Fibrogenesis and Inflammation. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022; 37:96-111. [PMID: 35255604 PMCID: PMC8901963 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by albuminuria and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in kidney. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) plays a central role in promoting ECM accumulation. We aimed to examine the effects of EW-7197, an inhibitor of TGF-β type 1 receptor kinase (ALK5), in retarding the progression of DN, both in vivo, using a diabetic mouse model (db/db mice), and in vitro, in podocytes and mesangial cells. METHODS In vivo study: 8-week-old db/db mice were orally administered EW-7197 at a dose of 5 or 20 mg/kg/day for 10 weeks. Metabolic parameters and renal function were monitored. Glomerular histomorphology and renal protein expression were evaluated by histochemical staining and Western blot analyses, respectively. In vitro study: DN was induced by high glucose (30 mM) in podocytes and TGF-β (2 ng/mL) in mesangial cells. Cells were treated with EW-7197 (500 nM) for 24 hours and the mechanism associated with the attenuation of DN was investigated. RESULTS Enhanced albuminuria and glomerular morphohistological changes were observed in db/db compared to that of the nondiabetic (db/m) mice. These alterations were associated with the activation of the TGF-β signaling pathway. Treatment with EW-7197 significantly inhibited TGF-β signaling, inflammation, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetic mice and renal cells. CONCLUSION EW-7197 exhibits renoprotective effect in DN. EW-7197 alleviates renal fibrosis and inflammation in diabetes by inhibiting downstream TGF-β signaling, thereby retarding the progression of DN. Our study supports EW-7197 as a therapeutically beneficial compound to treat DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Bong Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Weerapon Sangartit
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen,
Thailand
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen,
Thailand
| | - Ah Reum Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan,
Korea
| | - Eun Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju,
Korea
- Institution of Genetic Cohort, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Hong Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Soyeon Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University College of Pharmacy, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Upa Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen,
Thailand
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen,
Thailand
| | - Dae-Kee Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University College of Pharmacy, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan,
Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju,
Korea
- Institution of Genetic Cohort, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju,
Korea
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Fatima MT, Hasan M, Abdelsalam SS, Sivaraman SK, El-Gamal H, Zahid MA, Elrayess MA, Korashy HM, Zeidan A, Parray AS, Agouni A. Sestrin2 suppression aggravates oxidative stress and apoptosis in endothelial cells subjected to pharmacologically induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 907:174247. [PMID: 34116045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an inflammatory response that contributes to endothelial cell dysfunction, a hallmark of cardiovascular diseases, in close interplay with oxidative stress. Recently, Sestrin2 (SESN2) emerged as a novel stress-inducible protein protecting cells from oxidative stress. We investigated here, for the first time, the impact of SESN2 suppression on oxidative stress and cell survival in human endothelial cells subjected to pharmacologically (thapsigargin)-induced ER stress and studied the underlying cellular pathways. We found that SESN2 silencing, though did not specifically induce ER stress, it aggravated the effects of thapsigargin-induced ER stress on oxidative stress and cell survival. This was associated with a dysregulation of Nrf-2, AMPK and mTORC1 signaling pathways. Furthermore, SESN2 silencing aggravated, in an additive manner, apoptosis caused by thapsigargin. Importantly, SESN2 silencing, unlike thapsigargin, caused a dramatic decrease in protein expression and phosphorylation of Akt, a critical pro-survival hub and component of the AMPK/Akt/mTORC1 axis. Our findings suggest that patients with conditions characterized by ER stress activation, such as diabetes, may be at higher risk for cardiovascular complications if their endogenous ability to stimulate and/or maintain expression levels of SESN2 is disturbed or impaired. Therefore, identifying novel or repurposing existing pharmacotherapies to enhance and/or maintain SESN2 expression levels would be beneficial in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munazza T Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maram Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahenda S Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Siveen K Sivaraman
- Interim Translational Research Insititute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Heba El-Gamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad A Zahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed A Elrayess
- Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aijaz S Parray
- The Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Office of Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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9
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Urinary Extracellular Vesicles: Uncovering the Basis of the Pathological Processes in Kidney-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126507. [PMID: 34204452 PMCID: PMC8234687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular communication governs multicellular interactions in complex organisms. A variety of mechanisms exist through which cells can communicate, e.g., cell-cell contact, the release of paracrine/autocrine soluble molecules, or the transfer of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are membrane-surrounded structures released by almost all cell types, acting both nearby and distant from their tissue/organ of origin. In the kidney, EVs are potent intercellular messengers released by all urinary system cells and are involved in cell crosstalk, contributing to physiology and pathogenesis. Moreover, urine is a reservoir of EVs coming from the circulation after crossing the glomerular filtration barrier—or originating in the kidney. Thus, urine represents an alternative source for biomarkers in kidney-related diseases, potentially replacing standard diagnostic techniques, including kidney biopsy. This review will present an overview of EV biogenesis and classification and the leading procedures for isolating EVs from body fluids. Furthermore, their role in intra-nephron communication and their use as a diagnostic tool for precision medicine in kidney-related disorders will be discussed.
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10
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Saenz-Pipaon G, Echeverria S, Orbe J, Roncal C. Urinary Extracellular Vesicles for Diabetic Kidney Disease Diagnosis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102046. [PMID: 34064661 PMCID: PMC8151759 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in developed countries, affecting more than 40% of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. DKD pathogenesis is multifactorial leading to a clinical presentation characterized by proteinuria, hypertension, and a gradual reduction in kidney function, accompanied by a high incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality. Unlike other diabetes-related complications, DKD prevalence has failed to decline over the past 30 years, becoming a growing socioeconomic burden. Treatments controlling glucose levels, albuminuria and blood pressure may slow down DKD evolution and reduce CV events, but are not able to completely halt its progression. Moreover, one in five patients with diabetes develop DKD in the absence of albuminuria, and in others nephropathy goes unrecognized at the time of diagnosis, urging to find novel noninvasive and more precise early diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers and therapeutic targets for these patient subgroups. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially urinary (u)EVs, have emerged as an alternative for this purpose, as changes in their numbers and composition have been reported in clinical conditions involving DM and renal diseases. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on the role of (u)EVs in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goren Saenz-Pipaon
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.S.-P.); (J.O.)
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Saioa Echeverria
- Endocrinology Service, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Josune Orbe
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.S.-P.); (J.O.)
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Roncal
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.S.-P.); (J.O.)
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948194700
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11
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Osman A, El-Gamal H, Pasha M, Zeidan A, Korashy HM, Abdelsalam SS, Hasan M, Benameur T, Agouni A. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress-Generated Extracellular Vesicles (Microparticles) Self-Perpetuate ER Stress and Mediate Endothelial Cell Dysfunction Independently of Cell Survival. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:584791. [PMID: 33363219 PMCID: PMC7758248 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.584791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognized as biomarkers and effectors of endothelial dysfunction, the initiating step of cardiovascular abnormalities. Among these EVs, microparticles (MPs) are vesicles directly released from the cytoplasmic membrane of activated cells. MPs were shown to induce endothelial dysfunction through the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, it is not known whether ER stress can lead to MPs release from endothelial cells and what biological messages are carried by these MPs. Therefore, we aimed to assess the impact of ER stress on MPs shedding from endothelial cells, and to investigate their effects on endothelial cell function. EA.hy926 endothelial cells or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated for 24 h with ER stress inducers, thapsigargin or dithiothreitol (DTT), in the presence or absence of 4-Phenylbutyric acid (PBA), a chemical chaperone to inhibit ER stress. Then, MPs were isolated and used to treat cells (10–20 μg/mL) for 24–48 h before assessing ER stress response, angiogenic capacity, nitric oxide (NO) release, autophagy and apoptosis. ER stress (thapsigargin or DDT)-generated MPs did not differ quantitatively from controls; however, they carried deleterious messages for endothelial function. Exposure of endothelial cells to ER stress-generated MPs increased mRNA and protein expression of key ER stress markers, indicating a vicious circle activation of ER stress. ER stress (thapsigargin)-generated MPs impaired the angiogenic capacity of HUVECs and reduced NO release, indicating an impaired endothelial function. While ER stress (thapsigargin)-generated MPs altered the release of inflammatory cytokines, they did not, however, affect autophagy or apoptosis in HUVECs. This work enhances the general understanding of the deleterious effects carried out by MPs in medical conditions where ER stress is sustainably activated such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Osman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Heba El-Gamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mazhar Pasha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahenda S Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maram Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tarek Benameur
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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12
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Lu Y, Liu D, Feng Q, Liu Z. Diabetic Nephropathy: Perspective on Extracellular Vesicles. Front Immunol 2020; 11:943. [PMID: 32582146 PMCID: PMC7283536 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. It is the most frequent cause of end-stage renal disease with no definitive therapy available so far. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, are nano- and micron-sized heterogeneous vesicles that can be secreted by almost all cell types. Importantly, EVs contain many biologically active materials, such as RNAs, DNAs, proteins, and lipids, from their parental cells, which can be transported to their recipient cells to mediate intercellular communication and signaling. Accumulating studies demonstrated that EVs, mainly exosomes and microvesicles, participated in the pathophysiological process of DN. Recently emerging studies also found that the contents of EVs in the urine (miRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins) could be used as potential biomarkers for DN. Therefore, in this mini-review, the generation, isolation methods, and biological function of EVs were introduced, and then the current information about the mechanism and the diagnostic value in the development of DN was summarized. Moreover, the review also discussed the future challenges of exploring the role of EVs in kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.,Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongwei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.,Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.,Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.,Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
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13
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Chen Y, Liu Q, Shan Z, Mi W, Zhao Y, Li M, Wang B, Zheng X, Feng W. Catalpol Ameliorates Podocyte Injury by Stabilizing Cytoskeleton and Enhancing Autophagy in Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1477. [PMID: 31920663 PMCID: PMC6914850 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalpol, an iridoid glycoside extracted from Rehmannia glutinosa, has been found to ameliorate diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the mechanism has not been clarified. Podocyte injury play a key role in the pathogenesis of DN. This study mainly investigated the protective effect and potential mechanism of catalpol on podocyte injury of DN in vivo and in vitro. The results indicated that the pathological features of DN in mice were markedly ameliorated after treatment with catalpol. Moreover, podocyte foot process effacement, and down-regulation of nephrin and synaptopodin expression in DN mice were also significantly improved after treatment with catalpol. In vitro, catalpol rescued disrupted cytoskeleton and increased migration ratio in podocytes induced by high glucose, the effect might be attributable to the inhibition of RhoA and Cdc42 activities but not Rac1. Furthermore, the impaired podocyte autophagy in DN mice was significantly enhanced after catalpol treatment. And catalpol also enhanced autophagy and lysosome biogenesis in cultured podocytes under high glucose condition. In addition, we found that catalpol could inhibit mTOR activity and promote TFEB nuclear translocation in vivo and in vitro experiments. Our study demonstrated that catalpol could ameliorate podocyte injury in DN, and the protective effect of catalpol might be attributed to the stabilization of podocyte cytoskeleton and the improvement of impaired podocyte autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingpu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zengfu Shan
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wangyang Mi
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baiyan Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weisheng Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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