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Suárez Santiago JE, Roldán GR, Picazo O. Ketamine as a pharmacological tool for the preclinical study of memory deficit in schizophrenia. Behav Pharmacol 2023; 34:80-91. [PMID: 36094064 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a serious neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by the presence of positive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, and disorganization of thought and language), negative symptoms (abulia, alogia, and affective flattening), and cognitive impairment (attention deficit, impaired declarative memory, and deficits in social cognition). Dopaminergic hyperactivity seems to explain the positive symptoms, but it does not completely clarify the appearance of negative and cognitive clinical manifestations. Preclinical data have demonstrated that acute and subchronic treatment with NMDA receptor antagonists such as ketamine (KET) represents a useful model that resembles the schizophrenia symptomatology, including cognitive impairment. This latter has been explained as a hypofunction of NMDA receptors located on the GABA parvalbumin-positive interneurons (near to the cortical pyramidal cells), thus generating an imbalance between the inhibitory and excitatory activity in the corticomesolimbic circuits. The use of behavioral models to explore alterations in different domains of memory is vital to learn more about the neurobiological changes that underlie schizophrenia. Thus, to better understand the neurophysiological mechanisms involved in cognitive impairment related to schizophrenia, the purpose of this review is to analyze the most recent findings regarding the effect of KET administration on these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Eduardo Suárez Santiago
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Laboratorio de Farmacología Conductual, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Roldán Roldán
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ofir Picazo
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Laboratorio de Farmacología Conductual, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
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Piña-Leyva C, Lara-Lozano M, Rodríguez-Sánchez M, Vidal-Cantú GC, Barrientos Zavalza E, Jiménez-Estrada I, Delgado-Lezama R, Rodríguez-Sosa L, Granados-Soto V, González-Barrios JA, Florán-Garduño B. Hypothalamic A11 Nuclei Regulate the Circadian Rhythm of Spinal Mechanonociception through Dopamine Receptors and Clock Gene Expression. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091411. [PMID: 36143447 PMCID: PMC9506518 DOI: 10.3390/life12091411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Several types of sensory perception have circadian rhythms. The spinal cord can be considered a center for controlling circadian rhythms by changing clock gene expression. However, to date, it is not known if mechanonociception itself has a circadian rhythm. The hypothalamic A11 area represents the primary source of dopamine (DA) in the spinal cord and has been found to be involved in clock gene expression and circadian rhythmicity. Here, we investigate if the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) has a circadian rhythm, as well as the role of the dopaminergic A11 nucleus, DA, and DA receptors (DR) in the PWT circadian rhythm and if they modify clock gene expression in the lumbar spinal cord. Naïve rats showed a circadian rhythm of the PWT of almost 24 h, beginning during the night–day interphase and peaking at 14.63 h. Similarly, DA and DOPAC’s spinal contents increased at dusk and reached their maximum contents at noon. The injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the A11 nucleus completely abolished the circadian rhythm of the PWT, reduced DA tissue content in the lumbar spinal cord, and induced tactile allodynia. Likewise, the repeated intrathecal administration of D1-like and D2-like DA receptor antagonists blunted the circadian rhythm of PWT. 6-OHDA reduced the expression of Clock and Per1 and increased Per2 gene expression during the day. In contrast, 6-OHDA diminished Clock, Bmal, Per1, Per2, Per3, Cry1, and Cry2 at night. The repeated intrathecal administration of the D1-like antagonist (SCH-23390) reduced clock genes throughout the day (Clock and Per2) and throughout the night (Clock, Per2 and Cry1), whereas it increased Bmal and Per1 throughout the day. In contrast, the intrathecal injection of the D2 receptor antagonists (L-741,626) increased the clock genes Bmal, Per2, and Per3 and decreased Per1 throughout the day. This study provides evidence that the circadian rhythm of the PWT results from the descending dopaminergic modulation of spinal clock genes induced by the differential activation of spinal DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Piña-Leyva
- · Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV, Av. No. 2508 National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 06760, Mexico
| | - Manuel Lara-Lozano
- · Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV, Av. No. 2508 National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 06760, Mexico
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, Regional Hospital “October 1st”, ISSSTE, Av. No. 1669 National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 07760, Mexico
| | - Marina Rodríguez-Sánchez
- · Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV, Av. No. 2508 National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 06760, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe C. Vidal-Cantú
- Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacología, Cinvestav, Sede Sur, México City 14330, Mexico
| | - Ericka Barrientos Zavalza
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, Mexico
| | - Ismael Jiménez-Estrada
- · Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV, Av. No. 2508 National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 06760, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Delgado-Lezama
- · Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV, Av. No. 2508 National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 06760, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Rodríguez-Sosa
- Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Vinicio Granados-Soto
- Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacología, Cinvestav, Sede Sur, México City 14330, Mexico
| | - Juan Antonio González-Barrios
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, Regional Hospital “October 1st”, ISSSTE, Av. No. 1669 National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 07760, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.A.G.-B.); (B.F.-G.); Tel.: +52-55-81077971 (J.A.G.-B.); +52-55-13848283 (B.F.-G.)
| | - Benjamín Florán-Garduño
- · Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV, Av. No. 2508 National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 06760, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.A.G.-B.); (B.F.-G.); Tel.: +52-55-81077971 (J.A.G.-B.); +52-55-13848283 (B.F.-G.)
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Sánchez-Zavaleta R, Ávalos-Fuentes JA, González-Hernández AV, Recillas-Morales S, Paz-Bermúdez FJ, Leyva-Gómez G, Cortés H, Florán B. Presynaptic nigral GPR55 receptors stimulate [ 3 H]-GABA release through [ 3 H]-cAMP production and PKA activation and promote motor behavior. Synapse 2022; 76:e22246. [PMID: 35831708 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Striatal medium-sized spiny neurons express mRNA and protein of GPR55 receptors that stimulate neurotransmitter release; thus, GPR55 could be sent to nigral striatal projections, where it might modulate GABA release and motor behavior. Here we study the presence of GPR55 receptors at striato-nigral terminals, their modulation of GABA release, their signaling pathway, and their effect on motor activity. By double immunohistochemistry, we found the colocation of GPR55 protein and substance P in the dorsal striatum. In slices of the rat substantia nigra, the GPR55 agonists LPI and O-1602 stimulated [3 H]-GABA release induced by high K+ depolarization in a dose-dependent manner. The antagonists CID16020046 and cannabidiol prevented agonist stimulation in a dose-dependent way. The effect of GPR55 on nigral [3 H]-GABA release was prevented by lesion of the striatum with kainic acid, which was accompanied by a decrement of GPR55 protein in nigral synaptosomes, indicating the presynaptic location of receptors. The depletion of internal Ca2+ stores with thapsigargin did not prevent the effect of LPI on [3 H]-GABA release, but the remotion or chelation of external calcium did. Blockade of Gi, Gs, PLC, PKC, or dopamine D1 receptor signaling proteins did not prevent the effect of GPR55 on release. However, the activation of GPR55 stimulated [3 H]-cAMP accumulation and PKA activity. Intranigral unilateral injection of LPI induces contralateral turning. This turning was prevented by CID16020046, cannabidiol, and bicuculline but not by SCH 23390. Our data indicate that presynaptic GPR55 receptors stimulate [3 H]-GABA release at striato-nigral terminals through [3 H]-cAMP production and stimulate motor behavior. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Sánchez-Zavaleta
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México
| | - José Arturo Ávalos-Fuentes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México
| | - Antonio Valentín González-Hernández
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México
| | | | - Francisco Javier Paz-Bermúdez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genética, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Benjamín Florán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México
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Conde Rojas I, Acosta-García J, Caballero-Florán RN, Jijón-Lorenzo R, Recillas-Morales S, Avalos-Fuentes JA, Paz-Bermúdez F, Leyva-Gómez G, Cortés H, Florán B. Dopamine D4 receptor modulates inhibitory transmission in pallido-pallidal terminals and regulates motor behavior. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 52:4563-4585. [PMID: 33098606 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Two major groups of terminals release GABA within the Globus pallidus; one group is constituted by projections from striatal neurons, while endings of the intranuclear collaterals form the other one. Each neurons' population expresses different subtypes of dopamine D2-like receptors: D2 R subtype is expressed by encephalin-positive MSNs, while pallidal neurons express the D4 R subtype. The D2 R modulates the firing rate of striatal neurons and GABA release at their projection areas, while the D4 R regulates Globus pallidus neurons excitability and GABA release at their projection areas. However, it is unknown if these receptors control GABA release at pallido-pallidal collaterals and regulate motor behavior. Here, we present neurochemical evidence of protein content and binding of D4 R in pallidal synaptosomes, control of [3 H] GABA release in pallidal slices of rat, electrophysiological evidence of the presence of D4 R on pallidal recurrent collaterals in mouse slices, and turning behavior induced by D4 R antagonist microinjected in amphetamine challenged rats. As in projection areas of pallidal neurons, GABAergic transmission in pallido-pallidal recurrent synapses is under modulation of D4 R, while the D2 R subtype, as known, modulates striato-pallidal projections. Also, as in projection areas, D4 R contributes to control the motor activity differently than D2 R. This study could help to understand the organization of intra-pallidal circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Conde Rojas
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, México
| | | | | | - Rafael Jijón-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, México
| | - Sergio Recillas-Morales
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - José Arturo Avalos-Fuentes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, México
| | - Francisco Paz-Bermúdez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, México
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Benjamín Florán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, México
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Campos Campos B, Ávalos-Fuentes A, Piña Leyva C, Sánchez-Zavaleta R, Loya-López S, Rangel-Barajas C, Leyva-Gómez G, Cortés H, Erlij D, Florán B. Coexistence of D 3 R typical and atypical signaling in striatonigral neurons during dopaminergic denervation. Correlation with D 3 nf expression changes. Synapse 2020; 74:e22152. [PMID: 32068305 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine D3 R are widely expressed in basal ganglia where interact with D1 R. D3 R potentiate cAMP accumulation and GABA release stimulated by D1 R in striatonigral neurons through "atypical" signaling. During dopaminergic denervation, D3 R signaling changes to a "typical" in which antagonizes the effects of D1 R, the mechanisms of this switching are unknown. D3 nf splice variant regulates membrane anchorage and function of D3 R and decreases in denervation; thus, it is possible that D3 R signaling switching correlates with changes in D3 nf expression and increases of membranal D3 R that mask D3 R atypical effects. We performed experiments in unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats and found a decrease in mRNA and protein of D3 nf, but not of D3 R in the denervated striatum. Proximity ligation assay showed that D3 R-D3 nf interaction decreased after denervation, whereas binding revealed an increased Bmax in D3 R. The new D3 R antagonized cAMP accumulation and GABA release stimulated by D1 R; however, in the presence of N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM), to block Gi protein signaling, activation of D3 R produced its atypical signaling stimulating D1 R effects. Finally, we investigated if the typical and atypical effects of D3 R modulating GABA release are capable of influencing motor behavior. Injections of D3 R agonist into denervated nigra decreased D1 R agonist-induced turning behavior but potentiated it in the presence of NEM. Our data indicate the coexistence of D3 R typical and atypical signaling in striatonigral neurons during denervation that correlated with changes in the ratio of expression of D3 nf and D3 R isoforms. The coexistence of both atypical and typical signaling during denervation influences motor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baruc Campos Campos
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Arturo Ávalos-Fuentes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Celia Piña Leyva
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Sánchez-Zavaleta
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Santiago Loya-López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genética, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - David Erlij
- Department of Physiology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Benjamín Florán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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