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Veltra D, Marinakis NM, Kotsios I, Delaporta P, Kekou K, Kosma K, Traeger-Synodinos J, Sofocleous C. Lethal Complications and Complex Genotypes in Shwachman Diamond Syndrome: Report of a Family with Recurrent Neonatal Deaths and a Case-Based Brief Review of the Literature. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:705. [PMID: 38929284 PMCID: PMC11201973 DOI: 10.3390/children11060705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Shwachman Diamond Syndrome (SDS) is a multi-system disease characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with malabsorption, infantile neutropenia and aplastic anemia. Life-threatening complications include progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), critical deep-tissue infections and asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy. In most patients, SDS results from biallelic pathogenic variants in the SBDS gene, different combinations of which contribute to heterogenous clinical presentations. Null variants are not well tolerated, supporting the theory that the loss of SBDS expression is likely lethal in both mice and humans. A novel complex genotype (SBDS:c.[242C>G;258+2T>C];[460-1G>A]/WFS1:c.[2327A>T];[1371G>T]) was detected in a family with recurrent neonatal deaths. A female neonate died three hours after birth with hemolytic anemia, and a male neonate with severe anemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia succumbed on day 40 after Staphylococcus epidermidis infection. A subsequent review of the literature focused on fatal complications, complex SBDS genotypes and/or unusual clinical presentations and disclosed rare cases, of which some had unexpected combinations of genetic and clinical findings. The impact of pathogenic variants and associated phenotypes is discussed in the context of data sharing towards expanding scientific expert networks, consolidating knowledge and advancing an understanding of novel underlying genotypes and complex phenotypes, facilitating informed clinical decisions and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danai Veltra
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Agia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.V.); (N.M.M.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (C.S.)
- Research University Institute for the Study of Genetic and Malignant Disease of Childhood, “Agia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos M. Marinakis
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Agia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.V.); (N.M.M.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (C.S.)
- Research University Institute for the Study of Genetic and Malignant Disease of Childhood, “Agia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kotsios
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, “Hippocration” General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Polyxeni Delaporta
- Thalassemia Unit, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Agia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Kyriaki Kekou
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Agia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.V.); (N.M.M.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Konstantina Kosma
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Agia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.V.); (N.M.M.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Joanne Traeger-Synodinos
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Agia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.V.); (N.M.M.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Christalena Sofocleous
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Agia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.V.); (N.M.M.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (C.S.)
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Zandanell J, Wießner M, Bauer JW, Wagner RN. Stop codon readthrough as a treatment option for epidermolysis bullosa-Where we are and where we are going. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15042. [PMID: 38459626 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
In the context of rare genetic diseases caused by nonsense mutations, the concept of induced stop codon readthrough (SCR) represents an attractive avenue in the ongoing search for improved treatment options. Epidermolysis bullosa (EB)-exemplary for this group of diseases-describes a diverse group of rare, blistering genodermatoses. Characterized by extreme skin fragility upon minor mechanical trauma, the most severe forms often result from nonsense mutations that lead to premature translation termination and loss of function of essential proteins at the dermo-epidermal junction. Since no curative interventions are currently available, medical care is mainly limited to alleviating symptoms and preventing complications. Complementary to attempts of gene, cell and protein therapy in EB, SCR represents a promising medical alternative. While gentamicin has already been examined in several clinical trials involving EB, other potent SCR inducers, such as ataluren, may also show promise in treating the hitherto non-curative disease. In addition to the extensively studied aminoglycosides and their derivatives, several other substance classes-non-aminoglycoside antibiotics and non-aminoglycoside compounds-are currently under investigation. The extensive data gathered in numerous in vitro experiments and the perspectives they reveal in the clinical setting will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Zandanell
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Wießner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johann W Bauer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Roland N Wagner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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Perriera R, Vitale E, Pibiri I, Carollo PS, Ricci D, Corrao F, Fiduccia I, Melfi R, Zizzo MG, Tutone M, Pace A, Lentini L. Readthrough Approach Using NV Translational Readthrough-Inducing Drugs (TRIDs): A Study of the Possible Off-Target Effects on Natural Termination Codons (NTCs) on TP53 and Housekeeping Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15084. [PMID: 37894764 PMCID: PMC10606485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsense mutations cause several genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, β-thalassemia, and Shwachman-Diamond syndrome. These mutations induce the formation of a premature termination codon (PTC) inside the mRNA sequence, resulting in the synthesis of truncated polypeptides. Nonsense suppression therapy mediated by translational readthrough-inducing drugs (TRIDs) is a promising approach to correct these genetic defects. TRIDs generate a ribosome miscoding of the PTC named "translational readthrough" and restore the synthesis of full-length and potentially functional proteins. The new oxadiazole-core TRIDs NV848, NV914, and NV930 (NV) showed translational readthrough activity in nonsense-related in vitro systems. In this work, the possible off-target effect of NV molecules on natural termination codons (NTCs) was investigated. Two different in vitro approaches were used to assess if the NV molecule treatment induces NTC readthrough: (1) a study of the translational-induced p53 molecular weight and functionality; (2) the evaluation of two housekeeping proteins' (Cys-C and β2M) molecular weights. Our results showed that the treatment with NV848, NV914, or NV930 did not induce any translation alterations in both experimental systems. The data suggested that NV molecules have a specific action for the PTCs and an undetectable effect on the NTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ivana Pibiri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16-17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (R.P.); (E.V.); (P.S.C.); (D.R.); (F.C.); (I.F.); (R.M.); (M.G.Z.); (M.T.); (A.P.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura Lentini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16-17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (R.P.); (E.V.); (P.S.C.); (D.R.); (F.C.); (I.F.); (R.M.); (M.G.Z.); (M.T.); (A.P.)
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Li S, Li J, Shi W, Nie Z, Zhang S, Ma F, Hu J, Chen J, Li P, Xie X. Pharmaceuticals Promoting Premature Termination Codon Readthrough: Progress in Development. Biomolecules 2023; 13:988. [PMID: 37371567 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Around 11% of all known gene lesions causing human genetic diseases are nonsense mutations that introduce a premature stop codon (PTC) into the protein-coding gene sequence. Drug-induced PTC readthrough is a promising therapeutic strategy for treating hereditary diseases caused by nonsense mutations. To date, it has been found that more than 50 small-molecular compounds can promote PTC readthrough, known as translational readthrough-inducing drugs (TRIDs), and can be divided into two major categories: aminoglycosides and non-aminoglycosides. This review summarizes the pharmacodynamics and clinical application potential of the main TRIDs discovered so far, especially some newly discovered TRIDs in the past decade. The discovery of these TRIDs brings hope for treating nonsense mutations in various genetic diseases. Further research is still needed to deeply understand the mechanism of eukaryotic cell termination and drug-induced PTC readthrough so that patients can achieve the greatest benefit from the various TRID treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Juan Li
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Genetic Study of Hematopathy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenjing Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ziyan Nie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fengdie Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jun Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peiqiang Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Chen CC, Liao RY, Yeh FY, Lin YR, Wu TY, Pastor AE, Zul DD, Hsu YC, Wu KY, Liu KF, Kannagi R, Chen JY, Cai BH. A Simple and Affordable Method to Create Nonsense Mutation Clones of p53 for Studying the Premature Termination Codon Readthrough Activity of PTC124. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051310. [PMID: 37238980 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: A premature termination codon (PTC) can be induced by a type of point mutation known as a nonsense mutation, which occurs within the coding region. Approximately 3.8% of human cancer patients have nonsense mutations of p53. However, the non-aminoglycoside drug PTC124 has shown potential to promote PTC readthrough and rescue full-length proteins. The COSMIC database contains 201 types of p53 nonsense mutations in cancers. We built a simple and affordable method to create different nonsense mutation clones of p53 for the study of the PTC readthrough activity of PTC124. (2) Methods: A modified inverse PCR-based site-directed mutagenesis method was used to clone the four nonsense mutations of p53, including W91X, S94X, R306X, and R342X. Each clone was transfected into p53 null H1299 cells and then treated with 50 μM of PTC124. (3) Results: PTC124 induced p53 re-expression in H1299-R306X and H1299-R342X clones but not in H1299-W91X and H1299-S94X clones. (4) Conclusions: Our data showed that PTC124 more effectively rescued the C-terminal of p53 nonsense mutations than the N-terminal of p53 nonsense mutations. We introduced a fast and low-cost site-directed mutagenesis method to clone the different nonsense mutations of p53 for drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chi Chen
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Ruo-Yu Liao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Yeh
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Rou Lin
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Tze-You Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Alexa Escobar Pastor
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Danny Danilo Zul
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chien Hsu
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yo Wu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Fang Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Reiji Kannagi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Yi Chen
- Institute of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11529, Taiwan
| | - Bi-He Cai
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
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Wagner RN, Wießner M, Friedrich A, Zandanell J, Breitenbach-Koller H, Bauer JW. Emerging Personalized Opportunities for Enhancing Translational Readthrough in Rare Genetic Diseases and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6101. [PMID: 37047074 PMCID: PMC10093890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsense mutations trigger premature translation termination and often give rise to prevalent and rare genetic diseases. Consequently, the pharmacological suppression of an unscheduled stop codon represents an attractive treatment option and is of high clinical relevance. At the molecular level, the ability of the ribosome to continue translation past a stop codon is designated stop codon readthrough (SCR). SCR of disease-causing premature termination codons (PTCs) is minimal but small molecule interventions, such as treatment with aminoglycoside antibiotics, can enhance its frequency. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of translation termination (both at PTCs and at cognate stop codons) and highlight recently discovered pathways that influence its fidelity. We describe the mechanisms involved in the recognition and readthrough of PTCs and report on SCR-inducing compounds currently explored in preclinical research and clinical trials. We conclude by reviewing the ongoing attempts of personalized nonsense suppression therapy in different disease contexts, including the genetic skin condition epidermolysis bullosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland N. Wagner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Wießner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andreas Friedrich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johanna Zandanell
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Johann W. Bauer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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Corrao F, Zizzo MG, Tutone M, Melfi R, Fiduccia I, Carollo PS, Leonardo AD, Caldara G, Perriera R, Pace A, Belmonte B, Sammataro S, Pibiri I, Lentini L. Nonsense codons suppression. An acute toxicity study of three optimized TRIDs in murine model, safety and tolerability evaluation. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113886. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Wu MH, Lu RY, Yu SJ, Tsai YZ, Lin YC, Bai ZY, Liao RY, Hsu YC, Chen CC, Cai BH. PTC124 Rescues Nonsense Mutation of Two Tumor Suppressor Genes NOTCH1 and FAT1 to Repress HNSCC Cell Proliferation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112948. [PMID: 36428516 PMCID: PMC9687978 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: PTC124 (Ataluren) is an investigational drug for the treatment of nonsense mutation-mediated genetic diseases. With the exception of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, there has been little research on cancers with nonsense mutation. By conducting a database search, we found that another two tumor suppressor genes, NOTCH1 and FAT1, have a high nonsense mutation rate in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). PTC124 may re-express the functional NOTCH1 or FAT1 in nonsense mutation NOTCH1 or FAT1 in HSNCC (2) Methods: DOK (with NOTCH1 Y550X) or HO-1-u-1 (with FAT1 E378X) HNSCC cells were treated with PTC124, and the NOTCH1 or FAT1 expression, cell viability, and NOTCH1- or FAT1-related downstream gene profiles were assayed. (3) Results: PTC124 was able to induce NOTCH1 or FAT1 expression in DOK and HO-1-u-1 cells. PTC124 was able to upregulate NOTCH downstream genes HES5, AJUBA, and ADAM10 in DOK cells. PTC124 enhanced DDIT4, which is under the control of the FAT1-YAP1 pathway, in HO-1-u-1 cells. FLI-06 (a NOTCH signaling inhibitor) reversed PTC124-mediated cell growth inhibition in DOK cells. PTC124 could reverse TT-10 (a YAP signaling activator)-mediated HO-1-u-1 cell proliferation. (4) Conclusions: PTC124 can rescue nonsense mutation of NOTCH1 and FAT1 to repress HNSCC cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Han Wu
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Yu Lu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Si-Jie Yu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Zhen Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chen Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yu Bai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Ruo-Yu Liao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiang Hsu
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.H.); (C.-C.C.); (B.-H.C.)
| | - Chia-Chi Chen
- Department of Pathology, E-Da Hospital, No.1, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.H.); (C.-C.C.); (B.-H.C.)
| | - Bi-He Cai
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.H.); (C.-C.C.); (B.-H.C.)
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