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Demirel E, Korkmaz B, Chang Y, Misra A, Tamerler C, Spencer P. Engineering Interfacial Integrity with Hydrolytic-Resistant, Self-Reinforcing Dentin Adhesive. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7061. [PMID: 39000170 PMCID: PMC11241055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The leading cause of composite restoration failure is secondary caries, and although caries is a multifactorial problem, weak, damage-prone adhesives play a pivotal role in the high susceptibility of composite restorations to secondary caries. Our group has developed synthetic resins that capitalize on free-radical polymerization and sol-gel reactions to provide dental adhesives with enhanced properties. The resins contain γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) as the Si-based compound. This study investigated the properties of methacrylate-based resins containing methacryloxymethyltrimethoxysilane (MMeS) as a short-chain alternative. The degree of conversion (DC), polymerization kinetics, water sorption, mechanical properties, and leachates of MMeS- and MPS-resins with 55 and 30 wt% BisGMA-crosslinker were determined. The formulations were used as model adhesives, and the adhesive/dentin (a/d) interfaces were analyzed using chemometrics-assisted micro-Raman spectroscopy. The properties of the 55 wt% formulations were comparable. In the 30 wt% BisGMA formulations, the MMeS-resin exhibited faster polymerization, lower DC, reduced leachates, and increased storage and loss moduli, glass transition (Tg), crosslink density, and heterogeneity. The spectroscopic results indicated a comparable spatial distribution of resin, mineralized, and demineralized dentin across the a/d interfaces. The hydrolytically stable experimental short-chain-silane-monomer dental adhesive provides enhanced mechanical properties through autonomous strengthening and offers a promising strategy for the development of restorative dental materials with extended service life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Demirel
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7608, USA
| | - Burak Korkmaz
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7608, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Youngwoo Chang
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7608, USA
| | - Anil Misra
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174-1630, USA
| | - Candan Tamerler
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7608, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7608, USA
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7608, USA
| | - Paulette Spencer
- Institute for Bioengineering Research, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7608, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7608, USA
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7608, USA
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Yao W, Xie Y, Chen R, Wang W, Ma L, Li B. Promotion of Dentin Biomimetic Mineralization and Bonding Efficacy by Interfacial Control of an Experimental Citric Acid Dental Etching Agent. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29699-29715. [PMID: 38815211 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Resin-bonded restorations are the most important caries treatment method in clinical practice. Thus, improving the durability of dentin bonding remains a pressing issue. As a promising solution, guided tissue remineralization can induce the formation of apatite nanocrystals to repair defects in the dentin bonding interface. In this study, we present an experimental 20 wt % citric acid (CA) dental etching agent that removes the smear layer. After CA-etching, approximately 3.55 wt % residual CA formed a strong bond with collagen fibrils, reducing the interfacial energy between the remineralizing solution and dentin. CA helped achieve almost complete intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralization after 24 h of mineralization. CA also significantly promoted poly(amidoamine)-induced dentin biomimetic mineralization. The elastic modulus and microhardness of remineralized dentin were restored to that of sound dentin. The remineralized interface reduced microleakage and provided a stronger, longer-lasting bond than conventional phosphate acid-etching. The newly developed CA dental etching agents promoted rapid dentin biomimetic mineralization and improved bonding efficacy through interfacial control, representing a new approach with clinical practice implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yao
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimeng Xie
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruhua Chen
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ma
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Li
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
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Alzahrani SJ, Hajjaj MS, Abu Haimed TS, Alnoury A, Khouja N, Abuelenain DA, AlNowailaty Y, Abu-Nawareg M, Abuljadayel R, Naguib GH. Effect of Dentin Contamination with Hemostatic Agents and Cleaning Techniques on Bonding with Self-Adhesive Resin Cement. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e943353. [PMID: 38825814 PMCID: PMC11159572 DOI: 10.12659/msm.943353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dentin contamination with hemostatic agents before bonding indirect restorations negatively affects the bond strength. However, the consensus on which materials could be used to clean contamination of hemostatic agents has not been explored. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Katana Cleaner applied on the surface of dentin contaminated with hemostatic agents on the shear bond strength (SBS) of self-adhesive resin cement by comparing it with three other surface cleaners. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety dentin specimens were divided into a no contamination group (control) (n=10), 4 groups contaminated with 25% aluminum chloride (Viscostat Clear) (n=40), and 4 groups contaminated with 20% ferric sulfate (Viscostat) (n=40). Subsequently, 4 different cleaners were used for each contamination group (water rinse, phosphoric acid, chlorhexidine, and Katana Cleaner). Then, self-adhesive resin cement was directly bonded to the treated surfaces. All specimens were subjected to 5000 thermal cycles of artificial aging. The shear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine. RESULTS Two-way analysis of variance showed that the contaminant type as the main factor was statistically non-significant (p=0.655), cleaner type as the main factor was highly significant (p<0.001), and interaction between the contaminant and cleaner was non-significant (p=0.51). The cleaner type was the main factor influencing the bond strength. Phosphoric acid and chlorhexidine showed better performance than Katana Cleaner. CONCLUSIONS Cleaning dentin surface contamination with phosphoric acid and chlorhexidine had better performance than with Katana Cleaner.
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Kls N, Ramar K. Evaluation of the Genotoxic Effects of Grape Seed Extract and Marine Collagen Peptide on the Fibroblast Cell Line: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e61605. [PMID: 38962594 PMCID: PMC11221825 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Collagen plays a vital role in maintaining the structural integrity of dentin, and its modification with bioactive compounds can enhance its mechanical properties and bonding capabilities. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the genotoxic effects of grape seed extract (GSE) and marine collagen peptide (MCP) on dental pulp-derived primary cells. Methodology Human dental pulp stem cells were isolated, cultivated, and then treated with GSE and marine collagen peptides. DNA fragmentation was assessed using DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results The results showed that GSE exhibited a minimum level of cell death compared to marine collagen peptides. The viable cell count increased steadily over three days in all groups, with the control group showing the highest number of viable cells. The differences in viable cell count among the groups were statistically significant. Conclusion This study suggests that GSE and marine collagen peptides are highly biocompatible with dental pulp cells and could be considered for further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neshkumar Kls
- Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College, Chennai, IND
| | - Kavitha Ramar
- Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College, Chennai, IND
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Kielbassa AM, Summer S, Frank W, Lynch E, Batzer JS. Equivalence study of the resin-dentine interface of internal tunnel restorations when using an enamel infiltrant resin with ethanol-wet dentine bonding. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12444. [PMID: 38816512 PMCID: PMC11139992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This preregistered ex vivo investigation examined the dentinal hybrid layer formation of a resinous infiltrant (Icon), with reference to both thickness (HLT) and homogeneity when combined with modified tunnel preparation (occlusal cavity only) and internal/external caries infiltration. The adhesives Syntac and Scotchbond MP were used as controls (Groups 1 and 3) or in combination with Icon (Groups 2 and 4). A split-tooth design using healthy third molars from 20 donors resulted in 20 prepared dentine cavities per experimental group. The cavity surfaces (n = 80) were etched (37% H3PO4), rinsed, and air-dried. Rewetting with ethanol was followed by application of the respective primers. After labeling with fluorescent dyes, either Syntac Adhesive/Heliobond or Scotchbond MP Adhesive was used alone or supplemented with Icon. HLT, as evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, did not significantly differ (P > 0.05), and confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed homogeneously mixed/polymerized resin-dentine interdiffusion zones in all groups. Icon can be successfully integrated into an ethanol-wet dentine bonding strategy, and will result in compact and homogeneous hybrid layers of comparable thickness considered equivalent to the non-Icon controls, thus allowing for preservation of the tooth's marginal ridge and interdental space in the case of internal/external infiltration of proximal caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej M Kielbassa
- Centre for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University (DPU), Steiner Landstraße 124, 3500, Krems an der Donau, Austria.
| | - Sabrina Summer
- Department for Biomedical Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Wilhelm Frank
- Centre for Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University (DPU), Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Edward Lynch
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Julia-Susanne Batzer
- Centre for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University (DPU), Steiner Landstraße 124, 3500, Krems an der Donau, Austria
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Alghauli MA, Alqutaibi AY, Borzangy S. Clinical benefits of immediate dentin sealing: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2024:S0022-3913(24)00206-3. [PMID: 38570282 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The clinical complications, success, and survival rates of indirect restorations delivered with the immediate dentin sealing protocol are unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to find and collect evidence on the clinical complication, success, and survival rates of indirect restorations delivered with immediate dentin sealing. MATERIAL AND METHODS Electronic databases were searched for clinical studies on immediate dentin sealing up to December 2023, without language or time limitations. The records were included if they were clinical trials evaluating the clinical complication and survival rates of indirect restorations bonded to tooth substrate sealed immediately after preparation with suitable resin bonding. The extracted data were analyzed via Review Manager 5.4 for meta-analysis (α=.05). RESULTS A total of 11 studies were included in this review. The clinical complication rate was lower for immediately sealed dentin than for protocols without dentin sealing. The survival rate of restorations luted with the immediate dentin sealing protocol was higher (96.4% to 100%) than that of immediate dentin sealing (81.8% to 96.7%), negatively correlated with the observation time. The intensity and incidence of postoperative sensitivity were statistically significantly lower for restorations with immediate dentin sealing than for those without dentin sealing or conventionally cemented (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Immediate dentin-sealed indirect restorations had fewer clinical complications and higher success and survival rates than those delivered without dentin sealing. To avoid postoperative sensitivity or reduce its intensity, dentin surfaces should be sealed immediately after preparation. More long-term randomized clinical trials are recommended to confirm these evidence-based conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ahmed Alghauli
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen.
| | - Ahmed Yaseen Alqutaibi
- Associate Professor of Prosthodontics, Substitutive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia; and Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Sary Borzangy
- Associate Professor, Substitutive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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Ñaupari-Villasante R, de Freitas A, Hass V, Matos TP, Parreiras SO, Reis A, Gutiérrez MF, Loguercio AD. Prolonged polymerization of a universal adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions: 36-month double-blind randomized clinical trial. J Dent 2024; 142:104823. [PMID: 38145806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of prolonged (P) polymerization time of a universal adhesive system applied in etch-and-rinse (ER) or self-etch (SE) strategies on the clinical performance of restorations in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs), after 36 months of clinical service. METHODS A total of 140 restorations were randomly placed in 35 subjects according to the polymerization time groups: ER (10 s); ER-P (40 s); SE (10 s); and SE-P (40 s) at 1,200 mW/cm2. Composite resin was placed incrementally. The restorations were evaluated immediately and after 6, 12, 18, and 36 months using the FDI criteria. Data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier survival test for retention loss, and the Kruskal-Wallis' test for secondary outcomes (α = 0.05). RESULTS After 36 months, 19 restorations were lost: ER 6, ER-P 2, SE 9, SE-P 2. The retention rates were 82.3% for ER; 94.1 % for ER-P; 73.5 % for SE; and 94.1 % for SE-P, with a significant difference between ER vs. ER-P and SE vs. SE-P, as well as ER vs. SE-P and ER-P vs. SE (p < 0.0001). Minor defects were observed in 18 restorations for the marginal staining criteria: ER 5, ER-P 2, SE 8, SE-P 3; and in 33 restorations for the marginal adaptation criteria: ER 11, ER-P 4, SE 12, and SE-P 6 (p > 0.05). No restorations showed recurrence of caries or postoperative sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS A prolonged polymerization time of 40 s improves the clinical performance of the universal adhesive for both adhesive strategies evaluated, even after 36 months. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Prolonging the polymerization time of a universal adhesive from 10 to 40 s has been shown to improve its clinical performance when used in NCCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Ñaupari-Villasante
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - André de Freitas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Viviane Hass
- School of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Thalita P Matos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tuiuti University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Sibelli O Parreiras
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Northern Paraná, Jacarezinho, PR, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Mario F Gutiérrez
- Universidad de los Andes, Chile. Facultad de Odontología, Santiago, Chile; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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Mokeem LS, Martini Garcia I, Balhaddad AA, Lan Y, Seifu D, Weir MD, Melo MA. Multifunctional Dental Adhesives Formulated with Silane-Coated Magnetic Fe 3O 4@m-SiO 2 Core-Shell Particles to Counteract Adhesive Interfacial Breakdown. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2120-2139. [PMID: 38170561 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The process of bonding to dentin is complex and dynamic, greatly impacting the longevity of dental restorations. The tooth/dental material interface is degraded by bacterial acids, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and hydrolysis. As a result, bonded dental restorations face reduced longevity due to adhesive interfacial breakdown, leading to leakage, tooth pain, recurrent caries, and costly restoration replacements. To address this issue, we synthesized and characterized a multifunctional magnetic platform, CHX@SiQuac@Fe3O4@m-SiO2, to provide several beneficial functions. The platform comprises Fe3O4 microparticles and chlorhexidine (CHX) encapsulated within mesoporous silica, which was silanized by an antibacterial quaternary ammonium silane (SiQuac). This platform simultaneously targets bacterial inhibition, stability of the hybrid layer, and enhanced filler infiltration by magnetic motion. Comprehensive experiments include X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, VSM, EDS, N2 adsorption-desorption (BET), transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and UV-vis spectroscopy. Then, CHX@SiQuac@Fe3O4@m-SiO2 was incorporated into an experimental adhesive resin for dental bonding restorations, followed by immediate and long-term antibacterial assessment, cytotoxicity evaluation, and mechanical and bonding performance. The results confirmed the multifunctional nature of CHX@SiQuac@Fe3O4@m-SiO2. This work outlined a roadmap for (1) designing and tuning an adhesive formulation containing the new platform CHX@SiQuac@Fe3O4@m-SiO2; (2) assessing microtensile bond strength to dentin using a clinically relevant model of simulated hydrostatic pulpal pressure; and (3) investigating the antibacterial outcome performance of the particles when embedded into the formulated adhesives over time. The results showed that at 4 wt % of CHX@SiQuac@Fe3O4@m-SiO2-doped adhesive under the guided magnetic field, the bond strength increased by 28%. CHX@SiQuac@Fe3O4@m-SiO2 enhanced dentin adhesion in the magnetic guide bonding process without altering adhesive properties or causing cytotoxicity. This finding presents a promising method for strengthening the tooth/dental material interface's stability and extending the bonded restorations' lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Sami Mokeem
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Isadora Martini Garcia
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Division of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Abdulrahman A Balhaddad
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yucheng Lan
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland 21251, United States
| | - Dereje Seifu
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland 21251, United States
| | - Michael D Weir
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Mary Anne Melo
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Division of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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Pilecco RO, da Rosa LS, Pereira GKR, Tribst JPM, May LG, Valandro LF. The loss of resin cement adhesion to ceramic influences the fatigue behavior of bonded lithium disilicate restorations. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 148:106169. [PMID: 37837872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
When partial and/or non-retentive preparation, such as those for occlusal veneers, is indicated, a proper and stable adhesion is essential. Therefore, the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of loss of adhesion in different regions of the bonding interface on the fatigue behavior of simplified lithium disilicate restorations. For this, lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD) discs (1 mm thick and Ø = 10 mm) were fabricated, polished with #400-, #600-, #1200-grit silicon carbide (SiC) papers, and crystallized. As substrate, fiber-reinforced resin epoxy discs (2.5 mm thick and Ø = 10 mm) were fabricated and polished with #600-grit SiC paper. The ceramic bonding surface was treated with 5% hydrofluoric acid and a silane-containing primer (Monobond N), while the substrate was etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid followed by the application of the bonding system primers (Primer A + B). A lacquer (nail polish) was used to simulate the loss of adhesion in specific areas according to the study design to compose the testing groups: bonded (control; did not received nail polish application); - non-bonded (loss of adhesion in the whole specimen area); - margin (loss of adhesion in the ceramic margin); - center (loss of adhesion in the ceramic central area). The adhesive area of partially bonded groups was 50% of the adhesive surface. Then, the discs (n = 12) were bonded to the respective substrate using a resin cement (Multilink N), light-cured, water-stored for 90 days, and subjected to thermocycling (25,000 cycles, 5° to 55 °C) before testing. A cyclic fatigue test was run (20 Hz, initial load of 200 N for 5000 cycles, 50 N step size for 10,000 cycles each until specimen failure), and the fatigue failure load and number of cycles for failure were recorded. As complementary analysis, finite element analysis (FEA) and scanning electron microscopy analysis were performed. Kaplan-Meier log-rank (Mantel-Cox) was conducted for survival analysis. The results showed that as the loss of adhesion reaches the central area, the worse is the fatigue behavior and the higher is the stress peak concentration in the ceramic bonding surface. The bonded specimens presented better fatigue behavior and stress distribution compared to the others. In conclusion in a non-retentive preparation situation, proper adhesion is a must for the restoration fatigue behavior even after aging; while the loss of adhesion reaches central areas the mechanical functioning is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Oliveira Pilecco
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Center for Development of Advanced Materials, Division of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Saldanha da Rosa
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Center for Development of Advanced Materials, Division of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Center for Development of Advanced Materials, Division of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - João Paulo Mendes Tribst
- Department of Reconstructive Oral Care, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Liliana Gressler May
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Center for Development of Advanced Materials, Division of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Center for Development of Advanced Materials, Division of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.
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Fasya AN, Yolanda Y, Hayati AT. The Role of Duration of Chlorhexidine Gluconate 2% Application on the Shear Bond Strength of a Total Etch Bonding Agent: A Comparative Study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2023; 15:281-288. [PMID: 37955001 PMCID: PMC10637224 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s432480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Matrix metalloproteinases enzymes (MMPs) can degrade the hybrid layer which can cause failure of composite restorations. Chlorhexidine gluconate 2% can reduce MMPs activity and increase the bond strength of the resin to dentin. Purpose This study aims to determine the role of the duration of chlorhexidine gluconate 2% application on shear bond strength of a total-etch bonding agent. Methods A total of 36 freshly extracted maxillary premolars were removed occlusally by one-third of the crown using a carborundum disc until the dentin was exposed. Specimens were divided into four groups n(9). The dentin surfaces were etched for 5s. Group A is the control group. In group B, chlorhexidine gluconate 2% was applied for 30s. In group C, chlorhexidine gluconate 2% was applied for 60s. In group D, chlorhexidine gluconate 2% was applied for 90s. The universal adhesive was applied afterwards and then followed by composite to the dentin surface. All specimens were stored in artificial saliva at 37°C for 24 hours. The shear bond strength was tested using a universal testing machine. Results There was an increase in the shear bond strength of the bonding agent along with the additional application duration of chlorhexidine gluconate 2%. All groups gave higher MPa values than the control group. The shear bond strength in group A (control) was 12.64 MPa; Group B (30s of chlorhexidine) was 16.93 MPa; Group C (60s chlorhexidine) was 18.23 MPa; group D (90s of chlorhexidine) was 18.47MPa. Conclusion Duration of chlorhexidine gluconate 2% application affects the shear bond strength of the bonding agent with the total-etch system. The effective duration of chlorhexidine gluconate 2% for the restorative procedure is 60 seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azmi Nadhira Fasya
- Dentistry Undergraduate, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Yolanda Yolanda
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ayu Trisna Hayati
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
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