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Ulfig A, Jakob U. Cellular oxidants and the proteostasis network: balance between activation and destruction. Trends Biochem Sci 2024:S0968-0004(24)00164-6. [PMID: 39168791 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Loss of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is a common hallmark of aging and age-associated diseases. Considered as the guardian of proteostasis, the proteostasis network (PN) acts to preserve the functionality of proteins during their lifetime. However, its activity declines with age, leading to disease manifestation. While reactive oxygen species (ROS) were traditionally considered culprits in this process, recent research challenges this view. While harmful at high concentrations, moderate ROS levels protect the cell against age-mediated onset of proteotoxicity by activating molecular chaperones, stress response pathways, and autophagy. This review explores the nuanced roles of ROS in proteostasis and discusses the most recent findings regarding the redox regulation of the PN and its potential in extending healthspan and delaying age-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Ulfig
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ursula Jakob
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Biological Chemistry Department, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Zhang W, Zou M, Fu J, Xu Y, Zhu Y. Autophagy: A potential target for natural products in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116891. [PMID: 38865850 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease primarily affecting the mucosa of the colon and rectum. UC is characterized by recurrent episodes, often necessitating lifelong medication use, imposing a significant burden on patients. Current conventional and advanced treatments for UC have the disadvantages of insufficient efficiency, susceptibility to drug resistance, and notable adverse effects. Therefore, developing effective and safe drugs has become an urgent need. Autophagy is an intracellular degradation process that plays an important role in intestinal homeostasis. Emerging evidence suggests that aberrant autophagy is involved in the development of UC, and modulating autophagy can effectively alleviate experimental colitis. A growing number of studies have established that autophagy can interplay with endoplasmic reticulum stress, gut microbiota, apoptosis, and the NLRP3 inflammasome, all of which contribute to the pathogenesis of UC. In addition, a variety of intestinal epithelial cells, including absorptive cells, goblet cells, and Paneth cells, as well as other cell types like neutrophils, antigen-presenting cells, and stem cells in the gut, mediate the development of UC through autophagy. To date, many studies have found that natural products hold the potential to exert therapeutic effects on UC by regulating autophagy. This review focuses on the possible effects and pharmacological mechanisms of natural products to alleviate UC with autophagy as a potential target in recent years, aiming to provide a basis for new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Menglong Zou
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Jia Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
| | - Yin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China.
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China.
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Ardizzone A, Capra AP, Repici A, Lanza M, Bova V, Palermo N, Paterniti I, Esposito E. Rebalancing NOX2/Nrf2 to limit inflammation and oxidative stress across gut-brain axis in migraine. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:65-78. [PMID: 38244728 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Migraine is one of the most common neurological illnesses, and it is characterized by complicated neurobiology. It was confirmed the influence of inflammation and oxidative stress in migraines and also in distal organs such as the intestine. Indeed, the constant bidirectional communication between the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, known as the gut-brain axis, has become an attractive target involved in different human disorders. Herein, we explored the role of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) in nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced migraine in mice models to discover the mechanism by which, during migraine attack, oxidative stress is sustained within trigeminal neurons and GI. Considering the inverse relationship between NOX2 and Nrf2, Nrf2 upregulation seems to be a promising approach to decrease NOX2 expression and consequently limit oxidative stress and inflammation spread in neurological and non-neurological diseases. With this aim, we exploited tempol's Nrf2-inducer ability to better understand the involvement of Nrf2/NOX2 axis in migraine and associated GI comorbidities. Behavioral tests confirmed that tempol, in a dose-dependent manner, moderated clinical signs of migraine and abdominal pain. Moreover, we demonstrated that the decrease in migraine-related symptomatology was strongly linked to the modulation of Nrf2/NOX2 signaling pathway in the brain and colon. In the brain, the rebalancing of Nrf2/NOX2 prevented neuronal loss, decreased glia reactivity while inhibiting NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In the colon, Nrf2 upregulation and consequent NOX2 decrease reduced the histological damage, mast cells infiltration as well as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β release. Furthermore, the attenuation of inflammation and oxidative stress led to the restoration of the intestinal barrier through TJs replacement. Taken as a whole, data suggested that the regulation of Nrf2/NOX2 balance is a successful way to reduce neurological and related intestinal impairments during migraine and could be of relevance for migraine-like attacks in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Ardizzone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Capra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Alberto Repici
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Lanza
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Valentina Bova
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Palermo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
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Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Sun M, Li B, Li Y, Hua S. Cecropin A Alleviates LPS-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis of Bovine Endometrial Epithelial Cells. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:768. [PMID: 38473153 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Dairy cows receiving a prolonged high-concentrate diet express an elevated concentration of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) in the peripheral blood circulation, accompanied by a series of systemic inflammatory responses; however, the specific impacts of inflammation are yet to be determined. Cecropin-like antimicrobial peptides have become a research hotspot regarding antimicrobial peptides because of their excellent anti-inflammatory activities, and cecropin A is a major member of the cecropin family. To elucidate the mechanism of cecropin A as anti-inflammatory under the condition of sub-acute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in dairy cows, we induced inflammation in bEECs with LPS (10 µg/mL) and then added cecropin A (25 µM). Afterwards, we detected three categories of indexes including oxidative stress indices, inflammation-related genes, and apoptosis-related genes in bovine endometrial epithelial cells (bEECs). The results indicated that cecropin A has the ability to reduce inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 and inhibit the MAPK pathway to alleviate inflammation. In addition, cecropin A is able to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and alleviates LPS-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction by downregulating NADPH Oxidase (NOX), and upregulating catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Furthermore, cecropin A demonstrates the ability to inhibit apoptosis by suppressing the mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway, specifically Fas/FasL-caspase-8/-3. The observed increase in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, a known apoptosis regulator, further supports this finding. In conclusion, our study presents novel solutions for addressing inflammatory responses associated with SARA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Mianyang Habio Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Mingkun Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Bowen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yuqiong Li
- Laboratory Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750000, China
| | - Song Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Yuan Y, Wang F, Liu X, Shuai B, Fan H. The Role of AMPK Signaling in Ulcerative Colitis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:3855-3875. [PMID: 38170149 PMCID: PMC10759424 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s442154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation and ulcer formation of the intestinal mucosa. Due to its high recurrence rate, prolonged course, limited curative options, and significant impact on patients' quality of life, along with a notable potential for malignant transformation, UC is designated as a refractory global health challenge by the World Health Organization (WHO). The elucidation of the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for UC requires further in-depth investigation. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) serves as a central regulator of cellular energy metabolic homeostasis. Emerging evidence indicates that interventions involving traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) components, as well as other pharmacological measures, exert beneficial effects on the intestinal mucosal inflammation and epithelial barrier dysfunction in UC by modulating AMPK signaling, thereby influencing biological processes such as cellular autophagy, apoptosis, inflammatory responses, macrophage polarization, and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. The role of AMPK in UC is of significant importance. This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms through which AMPK is involved in UC, as well as a compilation of pharmacological agents capable of activating the AMPK signaling pathway within the context of UC. The primary objective is to facilitate a deeper comprehension of the pivotal role of AMPK in UC among researchers and clinical practitioners, thereby advancing the identification of novel therapeutic targets for interventions in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Yuan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jingshan Union Hospital, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jingshan, Hubei, 431800, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingxing Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Shuai
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng Fan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, People’s Republic of China
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