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Kim J, Cho S, Park Y, Lee J, Park J. Evaluation of micro-RNA in extracellular vesicles from blood of patients with prostate cancer. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0262017. [PMID: 34972164 PMCID: PMC8719659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain various types of molecules including micro-RNAs, so isolating EVs can be an effective way to analyze and diagnose diseases. A lot of micro-RNAs have been known in relation to prostate cancer (PCa), and we evaluate miR-21, miR-141, and miR-221 in EVs and compare them with prostate-specific antigen (PSA). EVs were isolated from plasma of 38 patients with prostate cancer and 8 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), using a method that showed the highest recovery of RNA. Isolation of EVs concentrated micro-RNAs, reducing the cycle threshold (Ct) value of RT-qPCR amplification of micro-RNA such as miR-16 by 5.12 and miR-191 by 4.65, compared to the values before EV isolation. Normalization of target micro-RNAs was done using miR-191. For miR-221, the mean expression level of patients with localized PCa was significantly higher than that of the control group, having 33.45 times higher expression than the control group (p < 0.01). Area under curve (AUC) between BPH and PCa for miR-221 was 0.98 (p < 0.0001), which was better than AUC for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level in serum for the same patients. The levels of miR-21 and miR-141 in EVs did not show significant changes in patients with PCa compared to the control group in this study. This study suggests isolating EVs can be a helpful approach in analyzing micro-RNAs with regard to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Kim
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeong-buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Siwoo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeong-buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Park
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoul Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Park
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeong-buk, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeong-buk, Republic of Korea
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2
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Rajendiran S, Maji S, Haddad A, Lotan Y, Nandy RR, Vishwanatha JK, Chaudhary P. MicroRNA-940 as a Potential Serum Biomarker for Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:628094. [PMID: 33816263 PMCID: PMC8017318 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.628094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of death despite an astoundingly high survival rate for localized tumors. Though prostate specific antigen (PSA) test, performed in conjunction with digital rectal examinations, is reasonably accurate, there are major caveats requiring a thorough assessment of risks and benefits prior to conducting the test. MicroRNAs, a class of small non-coding RNAs, are stable molecules that can be detected in circulation by non-invasive methods and have gained importance in cancer prognosis and diagnosis in the recent years. Here, we investigate circulating miR-940, a miRNA known to play a role in prostate cancer progression, in both cell culture supernatants as well as patient serum and urine samples to determine the utility of miR-940 as a new molecular marker for prostate cancer detection. We found that miR-940 was significantly higher in serum from cancer patients, specifically those with clinically significant tumors (GS ≥ 7). Analysis of receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that miR-940 in combination with PSA had a higher area under curve value (AUC: 0.818) than the miR-940 alone (AUC: 0.75) for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. This study provides promising results suggesting the use of miR-940 for prostate cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smrithi Rajendiran
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Sayantan Maji
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Ahmed Haddad
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Yair Lotan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Rajesh R Nandy
- School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Jamboor K Vishwanatha
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States.,Texas Center for Health Disparities, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Pankaj Chaudhary
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States.,Texas Center for Health Disparities, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
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3
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Bjorkman S, Taylor HS. MicroRNAs in endometriosis: biological function and emerging biomarker candidates†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:1135-1146. [PMID: 30721951 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small noncoding RNA molecules, have been recognized as key post-transcriptional regulators associated with a multitude of human diseases. Global expression profiling studies have uncovered hundreds of miRNAs that are dysregulated in several diseases, and yielded many candidate biomarkers. This review will focus on miRNAs in endometriosis, a common chronic disease affecting nearly 10% of reproductive-aged women, which can cause pelvic pain, infertility, and a myriad of other symptoms. Endometriosis has delayed time to diagnosis when compared to other chronic diseases, as there is no current accurate, easily accessible, and noninvasive tool for diagnosis. Specific miRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers for this disease in multiple studies. These and other miRNAs have been linked to target genes and functional pathways in disease-specific pathophysiology. Highlighting investigations into the roles of tissue and circulating miRNAs in endometriosis, published through June 2018, this review summarizes new connections between miRNA expression and the pathophysiology of endometriosis, including impacts on fertility. Future applications of miRNA biomarkers for precision medicine in diagnosing and managing endometriosis treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bjorkman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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4
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Glineur SF, Hanon E, Dremier S, Snelling S, Berteau C, De Ron P, Nogueira da Costa A. Assessment of a Urinary Kidney MicroRNA Panel as Potential Nephron Segment-Specific Biomarkers of Subacute Renal Toxicity in Preclinical Rat Models. Toxicol Sci 2019; 166:409-419. [PMID: 30169741 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced kidney injury (DIKI) remains a significant concern during drug development. Whereas FDA-endorsed urinary protein biomarkers encounter limitations including the lack of translatability, there is a considerable interest surrounding the application of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the renal biomarker space. Current knowledge about the value of these novel biomarkers for subacute preclinical rodent studies is still sparse. In this work, Wistar rats were treated with three nephrotoxic compounds-cisplatin (CIS, proximal tubule, 2.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]), puromycin (PUR, glomerulus, 20/10 mg/kg, i.p.) and N-phenylanthranylic acid (NPAA, collecting ducts, 500 mg/kg, per os)-for up to 28 days to evaluate the performance of a panel of 68 urinary miRNAs as potential nephron segment-specific biomarkers. Out of these 68 kidney injury associated-miRNAs, our selection strategy ultimately revealed rno-miR-34c-5p significantly dysregulated after CIS single administration, and rno-miR-335 and rno-miR-155-5p significantly dysregulated after PUR treatment. In contrast, NPAA daily administration strongly altered the expression profile of 28 miRNAs, with rno-miR-210-3p displaying the most robust changes. A thorough evaluation showed that these miRNA candidates could complement urinary protein biomarkers to detect CIS- or PUR-induced kidney injury in a subacute setting, with a mechanistic (based on rno-miR-34c-5p) and/or a kidney injury detection potential. Our results also provide the first evidence that urinary miRNAs could enhance the detection of collecting duct damage. Overall, these data improve our understanding of the utility of urinary miRNAs as DIKI biomarkers in a subacute DIKI preclinical setting and support the value of using urinary biomarker panels comprising proteins and miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie F Glineur
- Investigative Toxicology, Development Science, UCB Biopharma SPRL, B-1420 Braine L'Alleud, Belgium.,Medvet, AML Lab BVBA, E. Vloorstraat 9, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Etienne Hanon
- Bio Data Analysis, New Medicines Therapeutics, UCB Biopharma SPRL, B-1420 Braine L'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Sarah Dremier
- Investigative Toxicology, Development Science, UCB Biopharma SPRL, B-1420 Braine L'Alleud, Belgium.,Head HTS & In Vitro Pharmacology, Ogeda SA, 47 Rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Sara Snelling
- Investigative Toxicology, Development Science, UCB Biopharma SPRL, B-1420 Braine L'Alleud, Belgium.,Immunology, Abzena, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Caroline Berteau
- Investigative Toxicology, Development Science, UCB Biopharma SPRL, B-1420 Braine L'Alleud, Belgium.,School of Medicine, Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, LS9 7FT, UK
| | - Pierrette De Ron
- Investigative Toxicology, Development Science, UCB Biopharma SPRL, B-1420 Braine L'Alleud, Belgium
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5
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Sabarimurugan S, Madurantakam Royam M, Das A, Das S, K M G, Jayaraj R. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Prognostic Significance of miRNAs in Melanoma Patients. Mol Diagn Ther 2019; 22:653-669. [PMID: 30259393 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-018-0357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is the most aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer. The molecular variability involving microRNA (miRNA) expression plays a significant role in melanogenesis, which leads to poor prognostic effects in melanoma. Since there is a scarcity of comprehensive data on the prognostic role of miRNAs in melanoma patients, this study focuses on filling this knowledge gap through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS The included studies were extracted from several bibliographic databases between 2012 and 2018 using multiple keywords according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for different survival endpoints were compared to the high and low expression levels of miRNAs. The mean effect size of HR values was estimated using a random-effects model of meta-analysis. Inverted funnel plot symmetry was used to assess publication bias. Subgroup analysis was carried out individually for multiple miRNAs across different studies. RESULTS A total of 24 studies across eight countries were included, of which 16 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. Twenty-five miRNA expression levels were studied from 2669 melanoma patients to estimate the association between the prognostic role of miRNAs and survival outcome in these 16 studies. The overall pooled effect size (HR) for up- and downregulated miRNAs was 1.043 (95% CI 0.921-1.181; p = 0.506), indicating that the miRNA expression increased the likelihood of death in melanoma patients by 4.3%. Subgroup analysis for miRNA10b, miRNA16 and miRNA21 showed a poor prognosis. The quality assessment revealed that 16 studies were good quality and eight studies were of fair quality. CONCLUSION This is one of the first pooled meta-analysis studies on the role of miRNAs in the prognosis of melanoma. Our findings are inconclusive but suggest that miRNA expression could predict poor survival in melanoma patients. Therefore, miRNA expression could act as promising prognostic marker for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Sabarimurugan
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ankita Das
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shrestha Das
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gothandam K M
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rama Jayaraj
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Darwin, NT, 0909, Australia.
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6
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Sheinerman K, Tsivinsky V, Mathur A, Kessler D, Shaz B, Umansky S. Age- and sex-dependent changes in levels of circulating brain-enriched microRNAs during normal aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 10:3017-3041. [PMID: 30383539 PMCID: PMC6224262 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for many common and life-threatening pathologies. The development of reliable biomarkers of aging should lead to a better understanding of aging-associated processes and facilitate the development of therapeutic regimens that delay aging. Levels of 38 brain-enriched microRNAs (miRNA) circulating in plasma were measured by quantitative RT-PCR in two age groups: 26-35 and 56-65 years old. An miRNA-pair approach was used for data normalization and determination of effective miRNA biomarker ratios. Nineteen miRNAs, comprising miRNA pairs and pair combinations (classifiers) that effectively differentiated the age and sex (individual pairs: 74-95% and 68-95%, respectively; classifiers: up to 100% accuracy) groups, were selected for further analysis of plasma samples from 5 donor age groups: 26-35, 36-45, 46-55, 56-65 and 66-75 years old. Dynamic changes in the plasma concentrations of certain miRNAs occurred at different ages in females and males, with peaks in the 46-55-year-old and 56-65-year-old groups, respectively. This finding suggests that the changes in miRNA levels can reflect centrally regulated processes, including changes in hormone levels during menopause. Certain miRNAs and miRNA pairs correlated with age in the sex-stratified groups at different ages and should be investigated further as potentially promising biomarkers of brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Beth Shaz
- New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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7
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Martínez-Rivera V, Negrete-García MC, Ávila-Moreno F, Ortiz-Quintero B. Secreted and Tissue miRNAs as Diagnosis Biomarkers of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020595. [PMID: 29462963 PMCID: PMC5855817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare but aggressive tumor that originates in the pleura, is diagnosed in advanced stages and has a poor prognosis. Accurate diagnosis of MPM is often difficult and complex, and the gold standard diagnosis test is based on qualitative analysis of markers in pleural tissue by immunohistochemical staining. Therefore, it is necessary to develop quantitative and non-subjective alternative diagnostic tools. MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs that regulate essential cellular mechanisms at the post-transcriptional level. Recent evidence indicates that miRNA expression in tissue and body fluids is aberrant in various tumors, revealing miRNAs as promising diagnostic biomarkers. This review summarizes evidence regarding secreted and tissue miRNAs as biomarkers of MPM and the biological characteristics associated with their potential diagnostic value. In addition to studies regarding miRNAs with potential diagnostic value for MPM, studies that aimed to identify the miRNAs involved in molecular mechanisms associated with MPM development are described with an emphasis on relevant aspects of the experimental designs that may influence the accuracy, consistency and real diagnostic value of currently reported data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Martínez-Rivera
- Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Sección XVI, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - María Cristina Negrete-García
- Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Sección XVI, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Federico Ávila-Moreno
- Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina (UBIMED), Cancer Epigenomics and Lung Disease Laboratory 12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES)-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios #1 Colonia los Reyes Iztacala, 54090 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Blanca Ortiz-Quintero
- Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Sección XVI, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico.
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8
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Donato L, Bramanti P, Scimone C, Rinaldi C, Giorgianni F, Beranova-Giorgianni S, Koirala D, D'Angelo R, Sidoti A. miRNAexpression profile of retinal pigment epithelial cells under oxidative stress conditions. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:219-233. [PMID: 29435412 PMCID: PMC5794457 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep analysis of regulative mechanisms of transcription and translation in eukaryotes could improve knowledge of many genetic pathologies such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP). New layers of complexity have recently emerged with the discovery that ‘junk’ DNA is transcribed and, among these, miRNAs have assumed a preponderant role. We compared changes in the expression of miRNAs obtained from whole transcriptome analyses, between two groups of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, one untreated and the other exposed to the oxidant agent oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL), examining four time points (1, 2, 4 and 6 h). We found that 23 miRNAs exhibited altered expression in the treated samples, targeting genes involved in several biochemical pathways, many of them associated to RP for the first time, such as those mediated by insulin receptor signaling and son of sevenless. Moreover, five RP causative genes (KLHL7, RDH11,CERKL, AIPL1 and USH1G) emerged as already validated targets of five altered miRNAs (hsa‐miR‐1307, hsa‐miR‐3064, hsa‐miR‐4709, hsa‐miR‐3615 and hsa‐miR‐637), suggesting a tight connection between induced oxidative stress and RP development and progression. This miRNA expression analysis of oxidative stress‐induced RPE cells has discovered new regulative functions of miRNAs in RP that should lead to the discovery of new ways to regulate the etiopathogenesis of RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Donato
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine University of Messina Italy.,Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience Section of Neuroscience-applied, Molecular Genetics and Predictive MedicineI.E.M E.S.T. Palermo Italy
| | | | - Concetta Scimone
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine University of Messina Italy.,Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience Section of Neuroscience-applied, Molecular Genetics and Predictive MedicineI.E.M E.S.T. Palermo Italy
| | - Carmela Rinaldi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine University of Messina Italy
| | | | | | | | - Rosalia D'Angelo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine University of Messina Italy
| | - Antonina Sidoti
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine University of Messina Italy.,Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience Section of Neuroscience-applied, Molecular Genetics and Predictive MedicineI.E.M E.S.T. Palermo Italy
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9
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Aqil F, Jeyabalan J, Munagala R, Singh IP, Gupta RC. Prevention of hormonal breast cancer by dietary jamun. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1470-81. [PMID: 27030099 PMCID: PMC4927075 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Syzygium cumini (jamun) is perhaps the only berry that has the diversity of anthocyanidins of blueberry and bilberry and the abundance of ellagitannins/ellagic acid of black raspberry. Here, we report the potential of jamun against 17β-estrogen-mediated breast cancer and the role of miRNAs and other targets in disease inhibition. METHODS AND RESULTS Female August-Copenhagen Irish rats were given AIN-93M diet or diet supplemented with jamun. Two weeks later, animals received 17β-estradiol and were palpated weekly for the mammary tumors. At the end of 26 weeks, the jamun-diet significantly delayed the first tumor appearance by 21 days, and reduced the tumor incidence (65% versus 96%), tumor burden (313 ± 95 versus 661 ± 123 mm(3) ) and tumor multiplicity (1.8 ± 0.3 versus 4.2 ± 0.4 tumors/rat) compared to control. The experimental diet significantly reduced the estrogen-associated growth of pituitary prolactinomas, circulating prolactin and estradiol levels and offset estrogen-associated increases in mammary cell-proliferation, estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α), and cyclinD1. miRNAs that were either overexpressed (miR-182 and miR-375) or underexpressed (miR-127 and miR-206) following estrogen-treatment were significantly protected by jamun diet. CONCLUSIONS Together, our data show that jamun significantly offset estrogen-mediated alterations in mammary cell-proliferation, ER-α, cyclinD1, and candidate miRNAs, and that the modulation of these biomarkers correlated with a reduction in mammary carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrukh Aqil
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jeyaprakash Jeyabalan
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Radha Munagala
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Inder Pal Singh
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, India
| | - Ramesh C. Gupta
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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10
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Cătană CS, Calin GA, Berindan-Neagoe I. Inflamma-miRs in Aging and Breast Cancer: Are They Reliable Players? Front Med (Lausanne) 2015; 2:85. [PMID: 26697428 PMCID: PMC4678211 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2015.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human aging is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation known as “inflammaging.” Persistent low-level inflammation also plays a key role in all stages of breast cancer since “inflammaging” is the potential link between cancer and aging through NF-kB pathways highly influenced by specific miRs. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at a posttranscriptional level. Inflamma-miRs have been implicated in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. Their abnormal expression contributes to the chronic pro-inflammatory status documented in normal aging and major age-related diseases (ARDs), inflammaging being a significant mortality risk factor in both cases. Nevertheless, the correct diagnosis of inflammaging is difficult to make and its hidden contribution to negative health outcomes remains unknown. This methodological work flow was aimed at defining crucial unanswered questions about inflammaging that can be used to clarify aging-related miRNAs in serum and cell lines as well as their targets, thus confirming their role in aging and breast cancer tumorigenesis. Moreover, we aim to highlight the links between the pro-inflammatory mechanism underlying the cancer and aging processes and the precise function of certain miRNAs in cellular senescence (CS). In addition, miRNAs and cancer genes represent the basis for new therapeutic findings indicating that both cancer and ARDs genes are possible candidates involved in CS and vice versa. Our goal is to obtain a focused review that could facilitate future approaches in the investigation of the mechanisms by which miRNAs control the aging process by acting as efficient ARDs inflammatory biomarkers. An understanding of the sources and modulation of inflamma-miRs along with the identification of their specific target genes could enhance their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sorina Cătană
- Department of Biochemistry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas , Houston, TX , USA ; Non-Coding RNA Center, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas , Houston, TX , USA ; Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Institute of Doctoral Studies, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania ; Department of Experimental Pathology, Ion Chiricuta Institute of Oncology , Cluj Napoca , Romania
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