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Giesler J, Weirauch L, Thöming J, Baune M. Compensation of capacitive currents in high-throughput dielectrophoretic separators. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16491. [PMID: 39020049 PMCID: PMC11255223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67030-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Separation and classification are important operations in particle technology, but they are still limited in terms of suspended particles in the micrometer and nanometer size-range. Electrical fields can be beneficial for sorting such particles according to material properties. A mechanism based on strong and inhomogeneous fields is dielectrophoresis (DEP). It can be used to separate microparticles according to their material properties, such as conductivity and permittivity, by selectively trapping one particle type while the other can pass the separator. Conventional DEP-separators show either a limitation in throughput or frequency bandwidth. A low throughput limits the economical feasibility in many cases. A lower frequency bandwidth limits the variety of materials that can be sorted by DEP. To separate semiconducting particles from a mixture containing particles with higher conductivity according to their material, high frequencies are required. Possible applications are the separation of semiconducting and metallic carbon nanotubes or the separation of carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate particles from graphite in the recycling process of spent lithium-ion batteries. In this publication, we aim to display how to tune the electrical impedance of a high-throughput DEP separator based on custom-designed printed circuit boards to increase its frequency bandwidth. By adding inductors to the electrical circuit, we were able to increase the frequency bandwidth from 500 kHz to over 11 MHz. The experiments in this study act as proof-of-principle. Furthermore, a non-deterministic way to increase the impedance of the setup is shown, yielding a maximum frequency of 39.16 MHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Giesler
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Laura Weirauch
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jorg Thöming
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology (UFT), University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Michael Baune
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology (UFT), University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
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2
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Dogru-Yuksel IB, Mosk AP, Faez S. Origami nanogap electrodes for reversible nanoparticle trapping. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:8514-8520. [PMID: 38591730 PMCID: PMC11064776 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00190g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
We present a facile desktop fabrication method for origami-based nanogap indium tin oxide (ITO) electrokinetic particle traps, providing a simplified approach compared to traditional lithographic techniques and effective trapping of nanoparticles. Our approach involves bending ITO thin films on optically transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET), creating an array of parallel nanogaps. By strategically introducing weak points through cut-sharp edges, we successfully controlled the spread of nanocracks. A single crack spanning the constriction width and splitting the conductive layers forms a nanogap that can effectively trap small nanoparticles after applying an alternating electric potential across the nanogap. We analyze the conditions for reversible trapping and optimal performance of the nanogap ITO electrodes with optical microscopy and electrokinetic impedance spectroscopy. Our findings highlight the potential of this facile fabrication method for the use of ITO at active electro-actuated traps in microfluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itir Bakis Dogru-Yuksel
- Nanophotonics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Allard P Mosk
- Nanophotonics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Sanli Faez
- Nanophotonics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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3
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Geng X, Zhou ZA, Mi Y, Wang C, Wang M, Guo C, Qu C, Feng S, Kim I, Yu M, Ji H, Ren X. Glioma Single-Cell Biomechanical Analysis by Cyclic Conical Constricted Microfluidics. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15585-15594. [PMID: 37843131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Determining the grade of glioma is a critical step in choosing patients' treatment plans in clinical practices. The pathological diagnosis of patient's glioma samples requires extensive staining and imaging procedures, which are expensive and time-consuming. Current advanced uniform-width-constriction-channel-based microfluidics have proven to be effective in distinguishing cancer cells from normal tissues, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, etc. However, the uniform-width-constriction channels can result in low yields on glioma cells with irregular morphologies and high heterogeneity. In this research, we presented an innovative cyclic conical constricted (CCC) microfluidic device to better differentiate glioma cells from normal glial cells. Compared with the widely used uniform-width-constriction microchannels, the new CCC configuration forces single cells to deform gradually and obtains the biophysical attributes from each deformation. The human-derived glioma cell lines U-87 and U-251, as well as the human-derived normal glial astrocyte cell line HA-1800 were selected as the proof of concept. The results showed that CCC channels can effectively obtain the biomechanical characteristics of different 12-25 μm glial cell lines. The patient glioma samples with WHO grades II, III, and IV were tested by CCC channels and compared between Elastic Net (ENet) and Lasso analysis. The results demonstrated that CCC channels and the ENet can successfully select critical biomechanical parameters to differentiate the grades of single-glioma cells. This CCC device can be potentially further applied to the extensive family of brain tumors at the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Geng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, China
| | - Zi-Ang Zhou
- Department of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yang Mi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, China
| | - Chunhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, China
| | - Chenjia Guo
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, China
| | - Chongxiao Qu
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, China
| | - Shilun Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Inyoung Kim
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Research and Development, Stedical Scientific, Carlsbad, California 92010, United States
| | - Hongming Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, China
| | - Xiang Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, China
- Department of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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4
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D M Campos C, Uning KT, Barmuta P, Markovic T, Yadav R, Mangraviti G, Ocket I, Van Roy W, Lagae L, Liu C. Use of high frequency electrorotation to identify cytoplasmic changes in cells non-disruptively. Biomed Microdevices 2023; 25:39. [PMID: 37801137 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-023-00677-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we demonstrate how the use of frequencies ranging from 50 kHz to 5 GHz in the analysis of cells by electrorotation can open the path to the identification of differences not detectable by conventional set-ups. Earlier works usually reported electrorotation devices operating below 20 MHz, limiting the response obtained to properties associated with the cell membrane. Those devices are thus unable to resolve the physiological properties in the cytoplasm. We used microwave-based technology to extend the frequency operation to 5 GHz. At high frequencies (from tens of MHz to GHz), the electromagnetic signal passes through the membrane and allows probing the cytoplasm. This enables several applications, such as cell classification, and viability analysis. Additionally, the use of conventional microfabrication techniques reduces the cost and complexity of analysis, compared to other non-invasive methods. We demonstrated the potential of this set-up by identifying two different populations of T-lymphocytes not distinguishable through visual assessment. We also assessed the effect of calcein on cell cytoplasmic properties and used it as a controlled experiment to demonstrate the possibility of this method to detect changes happening predominantly in the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila D M Campos
- imec, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kevin T Uning
- imec, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federal de Lausanne, Route Cantonale, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pawel Barmuta
- Department Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tomislav Markovic
- Department Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Unska 3, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rahul Yadav
- imec, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- imec OnePlanet Research Center, Bronland 10, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ilja Ocket
- imec, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Liesbet Lagae
- imec, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Department Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200d, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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5
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Deivasigamani R, Mohd Maidin NN, Abdul Nasir NS, Abdulhameed A, Ahmad Kayani AB, Mohamed MA, Buyong MR. A correlation of conductivity medium and bioparticle viability on dielectrophoresis-based biomedical applications. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:573-620. [PMID: 36604943 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) bioparticle research has progressed from micro to nano levels. It has proven to be a promising and powerful cell manipulation method with an accurate, quick, inexpensive, and label-free technique for therapeutic purposes. DEP, an electrokinetic phenomenon, induces particle movement as a result of polarization effects in a nonuniform electrical field. This review focuses on current research in the biomedical field that demonstrates a practical approach to DEP in terms of cell separation, trapping, discrimination, and enrichment under the influence of the conductive medium in correlation with bioparticle viability. The current review aims to provide readers with an in-depth knowledge of the fundamental theory and principles of the DEP technique, which is influenced by conductive medium and to identify and demonstrate the biomedical application areas. The high conductivity of physiological fluids presents obstacles and opportunities, followed by bioparticle viability in an electric field elaborated in detail. Finally, the drawbacks of DEP-based systems and the outlook for the future are addressed. This article will aid in advancing technology by bridging the gap between bioscience and engineering. We hope the insights presented in this review will improve cell suspension medium and promote DEP-viable bioparticle manipulation for health-care diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Deivasigamani
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Nasyifa Mohd Maidin
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Shahira Abdul Nasir
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Aminuddin Bin Ahmad Kayani
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.,ARC Research Hub for Connected Sensors for Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mohd Ambri Mohamed
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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6
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Musso N, Romano A, Bonacci PG, Scandura G, Pandino C, Camarda M, Russo GI, Di Raimondo F, Cacciola E, Cacciola R. Label-Free Enrichment of Circulating Tumor Plasma Cells: Future Potential Applications of Dielectrophoresis in Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231912052. [PMID: 36233350 PMCID: PMC9569623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In multiple myeloma (MM), circulating tumor plasma cells (CTPCs) are an emerging prognostic factor, offering a promising and minimally invasive means for longitudinal patient monitoring. Recent advances highlight the complex biology of plasma cell trafficking, highlighting the phenotypic and genetic signatures of intra- and extra-medullary MM onset, making CTPC enumeration and characterization a new frontier of precision medicine for MM patients, requiring novel technological platforms for their standardized and harmonized detection. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an emerging label-free cell manipulation technique to separate cancer cells from healthy cells in peripheral blood samples, based on phenotype and membrane capacitance that could be successfully tested to enumerate and isolate CTPCs. Herein, we summarize preclinical data on DEP development for CTPC detection, as well as their clinical and research potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Musso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- StLab SRL, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Romano
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Medical Specialties, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-378-2971
| | - Paolo Giuseppe Bonacci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Grazia Scandura
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Medical Specialties, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Clarissa Pandino
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Medical Specialties, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Ivan Russo
- Urology Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Raimondo
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Medical Specialties, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emma Cacciola
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Hemostasis/Hematology Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Rossella Cacciola
- Hemostasis/Hematology Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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7
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Casciati A, Tanori M, Gianlorenzi I, Rampazzo E, Persano L, Viola G, Cani A, Bresolin S, Marino C, Mancuso M, Merla C. Effects of Ultra-Short Pulsed Electric Field Exposure on Glioblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063001. [PMID: 35328420 PMCID: PMC8950115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common brain cancer in adults. GBM starts from a small fraction of poorly differentiated and aggressive cancer stem cells (CSCs) responsible for aberrant proliferation and invasion. Due to extreme tumor heterogeneity, actual therapies provide poor positive outcomes, and cancers usually recur. Therefore, alternative approaches, possibly targeting CSCs, are necessary against GBM. Among emerging therapies, high intensity ultra-short pulsed electric fields (PEFs) are considered extremely promising and our previous results demonstrated the ability of a specific electric pulse protocol to selectively affect medulloblastoma CSCs preserving normal cells. Here, we tested the same exposure protocol to investigate the response of U87 GBM cells and U87-derived neurospheres. By analyzing different in vitro biological endpoints and taking advantage of transcriptomic and bioinformatics analyses, we found that, independent of CSC content, PEF exposure affected cell proliferation and differentially regulated hypoxia, inflammation and P53/cell cycle checkpoints. PEF exposure also significantly reduced the ability to form new neurospheres and inhibited the invasion potential. Importantly, exclusively in U87 neurospheres, PEF exposure changed the expression of stem-ness/differentiation genes. Our results confirm this physical stimulus as a promising treatment to destabilize GBM, opening up the possibility of developing effective PEF-mediated therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Casciati
- Italian National Agency for Energy New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Division of Health Protection Technologies, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.T.); (C.M.)
| | - Mirella Tanori
- Italian National Agency for Energy New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Division of Health Protection Technologies, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.T.); (C.M.)
| | - Isabella Gianlorenzi
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
| | - Elena Rampazzo
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health (SDB), University of Padova, via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (L.P.); (G.V.); (A.C.); (S.B.)
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Hematopoietic Cell & Gene Therapy, Pediatric Research Institute (IRP), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Persano
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health (SDB), University of Padova, via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (L.P.); (G.V.); (A.C.); (S.B.)
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Hematopoietic Cell & Gene Therapy, Pediatric Research Institute (IRP), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Giampietro Viola
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health (SDB), University of Padova, via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (L.P.); (G.V.); (A.C.); (S.B.)
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Hematopoietic Cell & Gene Therapy, Pediatric Research Institute (IRP), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Alice Cani
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health (SDB), University of Padova, via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (L.P.); (G.V.); (A.C.); (S.B.)
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Hematopoietic Cell & Gene Therapy, Pediatric Research Institute (IRP), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Bresolin
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health (SDB), University of Padova, via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (L.P.); (G.V.); (A.C.); (S.B.)
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Hematopoietic Cell & Gene Therapy, Pediatric Research Institute (IRP), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Carmela Marino
- Italian National Agency for Energy New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Division of Health Protection Technologies, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.T.); (C.M.)
| | - Mariateresa Mancuso
- Italian National Agency for Energy New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Division of Health Protection Technologies, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.T.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Caterina Merla
- Italian National Agency for Energy New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Division of Health Protection Technologies, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.T.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (C.M.)
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Bak S, Shin J, Jeong J. Subdividing Stress Groups into Eustress and Distress Groups Using Laterality Index Calculated from Brain Hemodynamic Response. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12010033. [PMID: 35049661 PMCID: PMC8773747 DOI: 10.3390/bios12010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A stress group should be subdivided into eustress (low-stress) and distress (high-stress) groups to better evaluate personal cognitive abilities and mental/physical health. However, it is challenging because of the inconsistent pattern in brain activation. We aimed to ascertain the necessity of subdividing the stress groups. The stress group was screened by salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) and then, the brain’s hemodynamic reactions were measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) based on the near-infrared biosensor. We compared the two stress subgroups categorized by sAA using a newly designed emotional stimulus-response paradigm with an international affective picture system (IAPS) to enhance hemodynamic signals induced by the target effect. We calculated the laterality index for stress (LIS) from the measured signals to identify the dominantly activated cortex in both the subgroups. Both the stress groups exhibited brain activity in the right frontal cortex. Specifically, the eustress group exhibited the largest brain activity, whereas the distress group exhibited recessive brain activity, regardless of positive or negative stimuli. LIS values were larger in the order of the eustress, control, and distress groups; this indicates that the stress group can be divided into eustress and distress groups. We built a foundation for subdividing stress groups into eustress and distress groups using fNIRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- SuJin Bak
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Jaeyoung Shin
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea;
| | - Jichai Jeong
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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Russo GI, Musso N, Romano A, Caruso G, Petralia S, Lanzanò L, Broggi G, Camarda M. The Role of Dielectrophoresis for Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:198. [PMID: 35008359 PMCID: PMC8750463 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is emerging as a potential diagnostic tool for prostate cancer (PC) prognosis and diagnosis. Unfortunately, most circulating tumor cells (CTC) technologies, such as AdnaTest or Cellsearch®, critically rely on the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) marker, limiting the possibility of detecting cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and mesenchymal-like cells (EMT-CTCs) that are present during PC progression. In this context, dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an epCAM independent, label-free enrichment system that separates rare cells simply on the basis of their specific electrical properties. As compared to other technologies, DEP may represent a superior technique in terms of running costs, cell yield and specificity. However, because of its higher complexity, it still requires further technical as well as clinical development. DEP can be improved by the use of microfluid, nanostructured materials and fluoro-imaging to increase its potential applications. In the context of cancer, the usefulness of DEP lies in its capacity to detect CTCs in the bloodstream in their epithelial, mesenchymal, or epithelial-mesenchymal phenotype forms, which should be taken into account when choosing CTC enrichment and analysis methods for PC prognosis and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolò Musso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- STLab s.r.l., Via Anapo 53, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Romano
- Haematological Section, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Salvatore Petralia
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Luca Lanzanò
- Department of Physics and Astronomy “Ettore Majorana”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Broggi
- Pathology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
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