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Yan S, Lu Q, Tao Q, Lu Y, Gao B, Wang S, Cai X, Ai L, Xiong X, Cao M, Tan W. An immunochromatographic test for serological diagnosis of scrub typhus. J Immunol Methods 2024; 528:113653. [PMID: 38430991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
A fluorescent immunochromatographic test (FM-ICT) was developed for rapid detection of anti-Orientia tsutsugamushi antibodies in serum samples. The FM-ICT was constructed based on the dual-antigen sandwich method. Truncated 56 kDa outer membrane protein of O. tsutsugamushi strain SJ, was expressed in E. coli and mixed with those of Ptan and Gillam strains. A thin line of the protein mixture was precisely sprayed across a nitrocellulose membrane making this the "Test" line. Polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) to O.tsutsugamushi were sprayed in another line across the membrane making this the "Control" line. Fluorescent microspheres conjugated 56 kDa proteins reacting with sample serum will be captured on the "Test" line if the sample contains antibodies to O.tsutsugamushi. Several experimental parameters were optimized. After optimizing the reaction procedure, the results are visible, within 6 min, with the naked eye under ultraviolet light. The limit of detection (LOD) was determined to be 7.63 ng/mL with prepared polyclonal antibodies. No cross-reaction was observed with sera samples from other febrile diseases. In clinical evaluations, the strips showed 94.92% sensitivity (106/112) and 93.75% specificity (56/60). The FM-ICT we developed will provide a new tool for on-site diagnosis of scrub typhus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhao Yan
- College Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qingyu Lu
- College Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qingyuan Tao
- College Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yawei Lu
- College Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bao Gao
- College Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Sibo Wang
- College Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xusheng Cai
- College Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lele Ai
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicine, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Xiong
- College Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Min Cao
- College Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Weilong Tan
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicine, Nanjing 210002, PR China.
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Guo Y, Sun J, Liu M, Wu J, Zhao Z, Ma T, Fang Y. A Ratiometric Biosensor Containing Manganese Dioxide Nanosheets and Nitrogen-Doped Quantum Dots for 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Monitoring. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:63. [PMID: 38391983 PMCID: PMC10887317 DOI: 10.3390/bios14020063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are desirable for sensing applications. Therefore, MnO2 nanosheets and nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) were used to construct a ratiometric biosensor for quantification of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The MnO2 nanosheets drove the oxidation of colorless o-phenylenediamine to OPDox, which exhibits fluorescence emission peaks at 556 nm. The fluorescence of OPDox was efficiently quenched and the NCDs were recovered as the ascorbic acid produced by the hydrolyzed alkaline phosphatase (ALP) substrate increased. Owing to the selective inhibition of ALP activity by 2,4-D and the inner filter effect, the fluorescence intensity of the NCDs at 430 nm was suppressed, whereas that at 556 nm was maintained. The fluorescence intensity ratio was used for quantitative detection. The linear equation was F = 0.138 + 3.863·C 2,4-D (correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9904), whereas the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.013 and 0.040 μg/mL. The method was successfully employed for the determination of 2,4-D in different vegetables with recoveries of 79%~105%. The fluorescent color change in the 2,4-D sensing system can also be captured by a smartphone to achieve colorimetric detection by homemade portable test kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environment and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (Y.G.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.)
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Food Testing Research Institute, Yinchuan 750000, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jingran Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environment and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (Y.G.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.)
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environment and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (Y.G.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.)
| | - Jin Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environment and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (Y.G.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.)
| | - Zunquan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environment and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (Y.G.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.)
| | - Ting Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environment and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (Y.G.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.)
| | - Yanjun Fang
- The Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environment and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (Y.G.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.)
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Liang Y, Li H, Xu N, Zhu J, Wu X, Wang Y. Preparation of arsenic(III) monoclonal antibodies and preliminary evaluation of a novel silver-coated gold nanorod SERS immunoassay strip construction. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5823-5836. [PMID: 37870766 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01205k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has become a growing concern in industrial, agricultural, and manufacturing processes, posing a significant threat to human health. Among these heavy metals, arsenic (As) is highly toxic and shares similar chemical properties and environmental behavior with other heavy metals. As(III) is particularly toxic compared to other forms of arsenic. Therefore, it is essential to develop a real-time, rapid, and sensitive method for the determination of As(III). In this study, we employed a unique bifunctional chelator, 1-(4-isothiocyanobenzyl)-ethylenediamine N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (ITCBE), to prepare a complete antigen. Through a series of tests including balb/c mouse immunization, cell fusion (mouse L2041 spleen cells with mouse myeloma cells SP2/0), and subcloning, we generated four monoclonal cell lines (1C1, 2C2, 3A9, and 4A11). These cell lines demonstrated high purity, high affinity, and IC50 values of less than 50 μg mL-1. Monoclonal antibody 4A11, which exhibited a strong Raman signal, was selected as the probe, and Au@Ag 200 was utilized as the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for the preliminary establishment of SERS immunochromatographic test strips. The sensitivity of the SERS immunochromatographic test strips, measured through Raman signal detection, showed a significant improvement compared to the SERS immunochromatographic test strips analyzed by colorimetry (LOD = 49.43 μg mL-1 and LDR = 5.32-81.31 μg mL-1). The SERS immunochromatographic test strips achieved a LOD of 7.62 μg mL-1 and an LDR of 12.66-71.84 μg mL-1. This study presents innovative methodologies for the rapid detection of As(III) using SERS immunochromatographic test strips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liang
- Institute of Engineering Food, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Engineering Food, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Naifeng Xu
- Institute of Engineering Food, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Jiangxiong Zhu
- Institute of Engineering Food, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Xiaobin Wu
- Institute of Engineering Food, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- Institute of Engineering Food, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
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Zhao Z, Tian Y, Xu C, Xing Y, Yang L, Qian G, Hua X, Gong W, Hu B, Wang L. A Monoclonal Antibody-Based Immunochromatographic Test Strip and Its Application in the Rapid Detection of Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:199. [PMID: 36831965 PMCID: PMC9953337 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were screened, and an immunochromatographic strip (ICS) test for rapid and specific detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) was developed. The coat protein of CGMMV was heterologously expressed as an immunogen, and specific capture mAb 2C9 and the detection mAb 4D4 were screened by an uncompetitive immunoassay. The test and control lines on the nitrocellulose membrane were coated with the purified 2C9 and a goat anti-mouse IgG, respectively, and a nanogold probe combined with 4D4 was applied to the conjugate pad. Using these mAbs, a rapid and sensitive ICS was developed. Within the sandwich mode of 2C9-CGMMV-4D4, the test line showed a corresponding positive relationship with CGMMV in infected samples. The ICS test had a detection limit of 1:5000 (w/v) for CGMMV in samples and was specific for CGMMV, with no observed cross-reaction with TMV or CMV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Zhao
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanli Tian
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuanfei Xing
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guoliang Qian
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiude Hua
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weirong Gong
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Baishi Hu
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Chang Y, Chen Y, Jiao S, Lu X, Fang Y, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Zhan X, Zhu G, Guo Y. A Novel Full-length IgG Recombinant Antibody Highly Specific to Clothianidin and Its Application in Immunochromatographic Assay. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12040233. [PMID: 35448293 PMCID: PMC9032790 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of clothianidin to non-target organisms has gradually attracted world-wide attention. It is essential to develop reliable methods for the on-site detection of clothianidin residue. In this study, analogue-based heterologous ic-ELISAs were designed to rapidly screen desirable hybridomas, which could be used for the construction of recombinant antibodies (RAbs) against clothianidin. Based on the antibody variable region genes, two full-length IgG RAbs (1F7-RAb and 5C3-RAb) were produced by the mammalian cell expression system. The performance of the two RAbs was characterized and compared by heterologous ic-ELISAs and non-competitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays. Using heterologous ic-ELISAs, the 1F7-RAb exhibited highly specific and sensitive recognition to clothianidin with an IC50 of 4.62 μg/L, whereas the 5C3-RAb could bind to both clothianidin and dinotefuran. The results of the non-competitive SPR assay further verified that the 1F7-RAb had a higher specificity and affinity to clothianidin than the 5C3-RAb. Finally, a gold immunochromatographic assay based on the novel antibody, 1F7-RAb, was developed for rapid detection of clothianidin with high sensitivity (visual detection limit of 2.5 μg/L), specificity, and good reproducibility, which can be used as an effective supervision tool for clothianidin residue in agricultural and environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Chang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.C.); (Y.C.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Yang Chen
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.C.); (Y.C.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Shasha Jiao
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.C.); (Y.C.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Xinying Lu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.C.); (Y.C.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Yihua Fang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.C.); (Y.C.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Yihua Liu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.C.); (Y.C.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (G.Z.)
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Ying Zhao
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.C.); (Y.C.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Xiuping Zhan
- Shanghai Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Shanghai 201103, China;
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.C.); (Y.C.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Yirong Guo
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.C.); (Y.C.); (S.J.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (G.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (Y.G.)
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