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Li Y, Luo L, Kong Y, Li Y, Wang Q, Wang M, Li Y, Davenport A, Li B. Recent advances in molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 249:116018. [PMID: 38232451 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are the equivalent of natural antibodies and have been widely used as synthetic receptors for the detection of disease biomarkers. Benefiting from their excellent chemical and physical stability, low-cost, relative ease of production, reusability, and high selectivity, MIP-based electrochemical sensors have attracted great interest in disease diagnosis and demonstrated superiority over other biosensing techniques. Here we compare various types of MIP-based electrochemical sensors with different working principles. We then evaluate the state-of-the-art achievements of the MIP-based electrochemical sensors for the detection of different biomarkers, including nucleic acids, proteins, saccharides, lipids, and other small molecules. The limitations, which prevent its successful translation into practical clinical settings, are outlined together with the potential solutions. At the end, we share our vision of the evolution of MIP-based electrochemical sensors with an outlook on the future of this promising biosensing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Li
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Liuxiong Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yingqi Kong
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Yujia Li
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Quansheng Wang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150036, China
| | - Mingqing Wang
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Andrew Davenport
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Bing Li
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
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Mohammadi F, Roushani M, Valipour A. Development of a label-free impedimetric aptasensor based on Zr-MOF and titaniom carbide nanosheets for detection of L-tryptophan. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 155:108584. [PMID: 37832184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
This study primarily focuses on the L-Tryptophan (Trp) biomarker assay, with particular attention given to its objectives. The investigation centers on the potential implications of imbalanced Trp levels and its associated metabolites, which have been attributed to the spectrum of both psychological and physiological disorders, encompassing conditions such as cancer. Therefore, the swift and accurate detection of this amino acid is of paramount importance in cancer monitoring, as it plays a crucial role in preventing the metastasis and spread of cancer cells. Thus, an electrochemical aptasensor was designed based on nanocomposite of AgNPs@UiO-66/Ti3C2 (MXene) as immobilization strategy for the ultrasensitive detection of Trp. Zirconium metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) were employed as carriers for silver nanoparticles to facilitate subsequent binding with aptamers. Markedly, the obtained results show that the constructed aptasensor can specifically detect Trp in the two concentration range from 1fM to 1 nM and 1 nM to 200 nM and with a low detection limit of 0.35 fM. When applied to real samples, the experimental results demonstrated positive recovery rates. Consequently, a discerning and sensitive electrochemical aptasensor devoid of labeling agents was successfully fabricated for the explicit purpose of Trp detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ilam University, Ilam P. O. BOX. 69315-516, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Roushani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ilam University, Ilam P. O. BOX. 69315-516, Iran.
| | - Akram Valipour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ilam University, Ilam P. O. BOX. 69315-516, Iran
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Ramajayam K, Ganesan S, Ramesh P, Beena M, Kokulnathan T, Palaniappan A. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Biomimetic Systems for Sensing Environmental Contaminants, Biomarkers, and Bioimaging Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:245. [PMID: 37366840 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), a biomimetic artificial receptor system inspired by the human body's antibody-antigen reactions, have gained significant attraction in the area of sensor development applications, especially in the areas of medical, pharmaceutical, food quality control, and the environment. MIPs are found to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of typical optical and electrochemical sensors severalfold with their precise binding to the analytes of choice. In this review, different polymerization chemistries, strategies used in the synthesis of MIPs, and various factors influencing the imprinting parameters to achieve high-performing MIPs are explained in depth. This review also highlights the recent developments in the field, such as MIP-based nanocomposites through nanoscale imprinting, MIP-based thin layers through surface imprinting, and other latest advancements in the sensor field. Furthermore, the role of MIPs in enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of sensors, especially optical and electrochemical sensors, is elaborated. In the later part of the review, applications of MIP-based optical and electrochemical sensors for the detection of biomarkers, enzymes, bacteria, viruses, and various emerging micropollutants like pharmaceutical drugs, pesticides, and heavy metal ions are discussed in detail. Finally, MIP's role in bioimaging applications is elucidated with a critical assessment of the future research directions for MIP-based biomimetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaipriya Ramajayam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvaganapathy Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Purnimajayasree Ramesh
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Maya Beena
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangavelu Kokulnathan
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Arunkumar Palaniappan
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Deep Eutectic Solvent Based Reversed-Phase Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for the Determination of Free Tryptophan in Cold-Pressed Oils. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052395. [PMID: 36903640 PMCID: PMC10005200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A fast and straightforward reversed-phase dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (RP-DLLME) using a deep eutectic solvent (DES) procedure to determine free tryptophan in vegetable oils was developed. The influence of eight variables affecting the RP-DLLME efficiency has been studied by a multivariate approach. A Plackett-Burman design for screening the most influential variables followed by a central composite response surface methodology led to an optimum RP-DLLME setup for a 1 g oil sample: 9 mL hexane as the diluting solvent, vortex extraction with 0.45 mL of DES (choline chloride-urea) at 40 °C, without addition of salt, and centrifugation at 6000 rpm for 4.0 min. The reconstituted extract was directly injected into a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system working in the diode array mode. At the studied concentration levels, the obtained method detection limits (MDL) was 11 mg/kg, linearity in matrix-matched standards was R2 ≥ 0.997, relative standard deviations (RSD) was 7.8%, and average recovery was 93%. The combined use of the recently developed DES -based RP-DLLME and HPLC provides an innovative, efficient, cost-effective, and more sustainable method for the extraction and quantification of free tryptophan in oily food matrices. The method was employed to analyze cold-pressed oils from nine vegetables (Brazil nut, almond, cashew, hazelnut, peanut, pumpkin, sesame, sunflower, and walnut) for the first time. The results showed that free tryptophan was present in the range of 11-38 mg/100 g. This article is important for its contributions to the field of food analysis, and for its development of a new and efficient method for the determination of free tryptophan in complex matrices, which has the potential to be applied to other analytes and sample types.
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Zein HF, Sutthibutpong T. Roles of Tryptophan and Charged Residues on the Polymorphisms of Amyloids Formed by K-Peptides of Hen Egg White Lysozyme Investigated through Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032626. [PMID: 36768943 PMCID: PMC9916845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of amyloid models, consisting of the previously reported STDY-K-peptides and K-peptides from the hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL), were performed to address the effects of charged residues and pH observed in an in vitro study. Simulation results showed that amyloid models with antiparallel configurations possessed greater stability and compactness than those with parallel configurations. Then, peptide chain stretching and ordering were measured through the end-to-end distance and the order parameter, for which the amyloid models consisting of K-peptides and the STDY-K-peptides at pH 2 displayed a higher level of chain stretching and ordering. After that, the molecular mechanics energy decomposition and the radial distribution function (RDF) clearly displayed the importance of Trp62 to the K-peptide and the STDY-K-peptide models at pH 2. Moreover, the results also displayed how the negatively charged Asp52 disrupted the interaction networks and prevented the amyloid formation from STDY-K-peptide at pH 7. Finally, this study provided an insight into the interplay between pH conditions and molecular interactions underlying the formation of amyloid fibrils from short peptides contained within the HEWL. This served as a basis of understanding towards the design of other amyloids for biomaterial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husnul Fuad Zein
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Program, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha Uthit Rd., Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Department of Physics, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Thana Sutthibutpong
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Program, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha Uthit Rd., Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Department of Physics, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science (TaCS-CoE), Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha Uthit Rd., Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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