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Sun H, Peng X, Wang J, Liu J, Fu T, He C. Wearable Surface Deformation Myography (sDMG) System for Recognition of Locomotion Modes. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2024; 28:4577-4587. [PMID: 38776201 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2024.3404019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
This study designs a wearable sensing system for locomotion mode recognition using lower-limb skin surface curvature deformation caused by the morphological changes of musculotendinous complexes and soft tissues. Flexible bending sensors are embedded into stretch pants, enabling curvature deformations of specific skin segments above lower-limb muscle groups to be captured in a noncontact manner. To evaluate the performance of this system, we conducted experiments on eight able-bodied subjects completing seven common locomotive activities, including walking, running, ramp ascending/descending, stair ascending/descending, and standing. The system measured seven channels of deformation signals from two cross-sections on the shank and the thigh. The collected signals were distinguishable across different locomotion modes and exhibited consistency when monitoring steps. Using selected time-domain features and a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier enabled the proposed system to continuously recognize locomotion modes with an average accuracy of 96.5%. Furthermore, the system maintains recognition performance with 95.7% accuracy even after removing and reapplying the sensors. Finally, we conducted comparison experiments to analyze how window length, feature selection, and the number of channels affect recognition performance, providing insights for optimization. We believe that this novel signal platform holds great potential as a valuable supplementary tool in wearable human motion detection, enriching the information diversity for motion analysis, and enabling new possibilities for further advancements and applications in fields including biomedical engineering, textiles, and computer graphics.
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Zheng B, Li Y, Xu G, Wang G, Zheng Y. Prediction of Dexterous Finger Forces With Forearm Rotation Using Motoneuron Discharges. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2024; 32:1994-2004. [PMID: 38758613 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2024.3402545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Motor unit (MU) discharge information obtained via electromyogram (EMG) decomposition can be used to decode dexterous multi-finger movement intention for neural-machine interfaces (NMI). However, the variation of the motor unit action potential (MUAP) shape resulted from forearm rotation leads to the decreased performance of EMG decomposition, especially under the real-time condition and then the degradation of motion decoding accuracy. The object of this study was to develop a method to realize the accurate extraction of MU discharge information across forearm pronated/supinated positions in the real-time condition for dexterous multi-finger force prediction. The FastICA-based EMG decomposition technique was used and the proposed method obtained multiple separation vectors for each MU at different forearm positions in the initialization phase. Under the real-time condition, the MU discharge information was extracted adaptively using the separation vector extracted at the nearest forearm position. As comparison, the previous method that utilized a single constant separation vector to extract MU discharges across forearm positions and the conventional method that utilized the EMG amplitude information were also performed. The results showed that the proposed method obtained a significantly better performance compared with the other two methods, manifested in a larger coefficient of determination ( [Formula: see text] and a smaller root mean squared error (RMSE) between the predicted and recorded force. Our results demonstrated the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed method to extract MU discharge information during forearm rotation for dexterous force prediction under the real-time conditions. Further development of the proposed method could potentially promote the application of the EMG decomposition technique for continuous dexterous motion decoding in a realistic NMI application scenario.
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Wang Z, Li J, Sun Y. Layered Fusion Reconstruction Based on Fuzzy Features for Multi-Conductivity Electrical Impedance Tomography. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3380. [PMID: 38894168 PMCID: PMC11175079 DOI: 10.3390/s24113380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
In medical imaging, detecting tissue anomalies is vital for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive technique that monitors the changes in electrical conductivity within tissues in real time. However, the current challenge lies in simply and accurately reconstructing multi-conductivity distributions. This paper introduces a layered fusion framework for EIT to enhance imaging in multi-conductivity scenarios. The method begins with pre-imaging and extracts the main object from the fuzzy image to form one layer. Then, the voltage difference in the other layer, where the local anomaly is located, is estimated. Finally, the corresponding conductivity distribution is established, and multiple layers are fused to reconstruct the multi-conductivity distribution. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that compared to traditional methods, the proposed method significantly improves multi-conductivity separation, precise anomaly localization, and robustness without adding uncertain parameters. Notably, the proposed method has demonstrated exceptional accuracy in local anomaly detection, with positional errors as low as 1% and size errors as low as 33%, which significantly outperforms the traditional method with respective minimum errors of 9% and 228%. This method ensures a balance between the simplicity and accuracy of the algorithm. At the same time, it breaks the constraints of traditional linear methods, struggling to identify multi-conductivity distributions, thereby providing new perspectives for clinical EIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeying Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jiaqing Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yixuan Sun
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China;
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Lee J, Park S, Lee J, Kim N, Kim MK. Recent advances of additively manufactured noninvasive kinematic biosensors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1303004. [PMID: 38047290 PMCID: PMC10690938 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1303004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The necessity of reliable measurement data assessment in the realm of human life has experienced exponential growth due to its extensive utilization in health monitoring, rehabilitation, surgery, and long-term treatment. As a result, the significance of kinematic biosensors has substantially increased across various domains, including wearable devices, human-machine interaction, and bioengineering. Traditionally, the fabrication of skin-mounted biosensors involved complex and costly processes such as lithography and deposition, which required extensive preparation. However, the advent of additive manufacturing has revolutionized biosensor production by facilitating customized manufacturing, expedited processes, and streamlined fabrication. AM technology enables the development of highly sensitive biosensors capable of measuring a wide range of kinematic signals while maintaining a low-cost aspect. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art noninvasive kinematic biosensors created using diverse AM technologies. The detailed development process and the specifics of different types of kinematic biosensors are also discussed. Unlike previous review articles that primarily focused on the applications of additively manufactured sensors based on their sensing data, this article adopts a unique approach by categorizing and describing their applications according to their sensing frequencies. Although AM technology has opened new possibilities for biosensor fabrication, the field still faces several challenges that need to be addressed. Consequently, this paper also outlines these challenges and provides an overview of future applications in the field. This review article offers researchers in academia and industry a comprehensive overview of the innovative opportunities presented by kinematic biosensors fabricated through additive manufacturing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Namjung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ku Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Z, Dai Y, Xu Z, Grimaldi N, Wang J, Zhao M, Pang R, Sun Y, Gao S, Boyi H. Insole Systems for Disease Diagnosis and Rehabilitation: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:833. [PMID: 37622919 PMCID: PMC10452488 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Some chronic diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), diabetic foot, flat foot, stroke, elderly falling, and knee osteoarthritis (KOA), are related to orthopedic organs, nerves, and muscles. The interaction of these three parts will generate a comprehensive result: gait. Furthermore, the lesions in these regions can produce abnormal gait features. Therefore, monitoring the gait features can assist medical professionals in the diagnosis and analysis of these diseases. Nowadays, various insole systems based on different sensing techniques have been developed to monitor gait and aid in medical research. Hence, a detailed review of insole systems and their applications in disease management can greatly benefit researchers working in the field of medical engineering. This essay is composed of the following sections: the essay firstly provides an overview of the sensing mechanisms and parameters of typical insole systems based on different sensing techniques. Then this essay respectively discusses the three stages of gait parameters pre-processing, respectively: pressure reconstruction, feature extraction, and data normalization. Then, the relationship between gait features and pathogenic mechanisms is discussed, along with the introduction of insole systems that aid in medical research; Finally, the current challenges and future trends in the development of insole systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhang
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.X.)
| | - Yanning Dai
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.X.)
| | - Nicolas Grimaldi
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Jiamu Wang
- School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Mufan Zhao
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Ruilin Pang
- School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Yueming Sun
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Shuo Gao
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.X.)
| | - Hu Boyi
- School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Florida, Gaineville, FL 32611, USA
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Gantenbein J, Ahmadizadeh C, Heeb O, Lambercy O, Menon C. Feasibility of force myography for the direct control of an assistive robotic hand orthosis in non-impaired individuals. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2023; 20:101. [PMID: 37537602 PMCID: PMC10399035 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-023-01222-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assistive robotic hand orthoses can support people with sensorimotor hand impairment in many activities of daily living and therefore help to regain independence. However, in order for the users to fully benefit from the functionalities of such devices, a safe and reliable way to detect their movement intention for device control is crucial. Gesture recognition based on force myography measuring volumetric changes in the muscles during contraction has been previously shown to be a viable and easy to implement strategy to control hand prostheses. Whether this approach could be efficiently applied to intuitively control an assistive robotic hand orthosis remains to be investigated. METHODS In this work, we assessed the feasibility of using force myography measured from the forearm to control a robotic hand orthosis worn on the hand ipsilateral to the measurement site. In ten neurologically-intact participants wearing a robotic hand orthosis, we collected data for four gestures trained in nine arm configurations, i.e., seven static positions and two dynamic movements, corresponding to typical activities of daily living conditions. In an offline analysis, we determined classification accuracies for two binary classifiers (one for opening and one for closing) and further assessed the impact of individual training arm configurations on the overall performance. RESULTS We achieved an overall classification accuracy of 92.9% (averaged over two binary classifiers, individual accuracies 95.5% and 90.3%, respectively) but found a large variation in performance between participants, ranging from 75.4 up to 100%. Averaged inference times per sample were measured below 0.15 ms. Further, we found that the number of training arm configurations could be reduced from nine to six without notably decreasing classification performance. CONCLUSION The results of this work support the general feasibility of using force myography as an intuitive intention detection strategy for a robotic hand orthosis. Further, the findings also generated valuable insights into challenges and potential ways to overcome them in view of applying such technologies for assisting people with sensorimotor hand impairment during activities of daily living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gantenbein
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Lengghalde 5, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chakaveh Ahmadizadeh
- Biomedical and Mobile Health Technology Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Lengghalde 5, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Heeb
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Lengghalde 5, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
- Biomedical and Mobile Health Technology Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Lengghalde 5, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Lambercy
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Lengghalde 5, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
- Future Health Technologies, Singapore-ETH Centre, Campus for Research Excellence And Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 Create Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Carlo Menon
- Biomedical and Mobile Health Technology Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Lengghalde 5, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Djemal A, Bouchaala D, Fakhfakh A, Kanoun O. Wearable Electromyography Classification of Epileptic Seizures: A Feasibility Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:703. [PMID: 37370634 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis and classification of epileptic seizures can greatly support patient treatments. As many epileptic seizures are convulsive and have a motor component, the analysis of muscle activity can provide valuable information for seizure classification. Therefore, this paper present a feasibility study conducted on healthy volunteers, focusing on tracking epileptic seizures movements using surface electromyography signals (sEMG) measured on human limb muscles. For the experimental studies, first, compact wireless sensor nodes were developed for real-time measurement of sEMG on the gastrocnemius, flexor carpi ulnaris, biceps brachii, and quadriceps muscles on the right side and the left side. For the classification of the seizure, a machine learning model has been elaborated. The 16 common sEMG time-domain features were first extracted and examined with respect to discrimination and redundancy. This allowed the features to be classified into irrelevant features, important features, and redundant features. Redundant features were examined with the Big-O notation method and with the average execution time method to select the feature that leads to lower complexity and reduced processing time. The finally selected six features were explored using different machine learning classifiers to compare the resulting classification accuracy. The results show that the artificial neural network (ANN) model with the six features: IEMG, WAMP, MYOP, SE, SKEW, and WL, had the highest classification accuracy (99.95%). A further study confirms that all the chosen eight sensors are necessary to reach this high classification accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achraf Djemal
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Straße 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
- Laboratory of Signals, Systems, Artificial Intelligence and Networks, Digital Research Centre of Sfax, National School of Electronics and Telecommunications of Sfax, Technopole of Sfax, Ons City 3021, Tunisia
| | - Dhouha Bouchaala
- National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de la Soukra km 4, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Fakhfakh
- Laboratory of Signals, Systems, Artificial Intelligence and Networks, Digital Research Centre of Sfax, National School of Electronics and Telecommunications of Sfax, Technopole of Sfax, Ons City 3021, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Kanoun
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Straße 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
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de Oliveira J, de Souza MA, Assef AA, Maia JM. Multi-Sensing Techniques with Ultrasound for Musculoskeletal Assessment: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:9232. [PMID: 36501933 PMCID: PMC9740760 DOI: 10.3390/s22239232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The study of muscle contractions generated by the muscle-tendon unit (MTU) plays a critical role in medical diagnoses, monitoring, rehabilitation, and functional assessments, including the potential for movement prediction modeling used for prosthetic control. Over the last decade, the use of combined traditional techniques to quantify information about the muscle condition that is correlated to neuromuscular electrical activation and the generation of muscle force and vibration has grown. The purpose of this review is to guide the reader to relevant works in different applications of ultrasound imaging in combination with other techniques for the characterization of biological signals. Several research groups have been using multi-sensing systems to carry out specific studies in the health area. We can divide these studies into two categories: human-machine interface (HMI), in which sensors are used to capture critical information to control computerized prostheses and/or robotic actuators, and physiological study, where sensors are used to investigate a hypothesis and/or a clinical diagnosis. In addition, the relevance, challenges, and expectations for future work are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Health Technology (PPGTS), Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Mauren Abreu de Souza
- Graduate Program in Health Technology (PPGTS), Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Amauri Amorin Assef
- Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering (CPGEI), Federal University of Technology of Paraná (UTFPR), Curitiba 80230-901, Brazil
| | - Joaquim Miguel Maia
- Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering (CPGEI), Federal University of Technology of Paraná (UTFPR), Curitiba 80230-901, Brazil
- Electronics Engineering Department (DAELN), Federal University of Technology of Paraná (UTFPR), Curitiba 80230-901, Brazil
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Bouyam C, Punsawad Y. Human–machine interface-based wheelchair control using piezoelectric sensors based on face and tongue movements. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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