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Wang W, Yin Y, Gunasekaran S. Gold nanoparticles-doped MXene heterostructure for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of fumonisin B1 and ampicillin. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:294. [PMID: 38698253 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06369-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Early transition metal carbides (MXene) hybridized by precious metals open a door for innovative electrochemical biosensing device design. Herein, we present a facile one-pot synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-doped two-dimensional (2D) titanium carbide MXene nanoflakes (Ti3C2Tx/Au). Ti3C2Tx MXene exhibits high electrical conductivity and yields synergistic signal amplification in conjunction with AuNPs leading to excellent electrochemical performance. Thus Ti3C2Tx/Au hybrid nanostructure can be used as an electrode platform for the electrochemical analysis of various targets. We used screen-printed electrodes modified with the Ti3C2Tx/Au electrode and functionalized with different biorecognition elements to detect and quantify an antibiotic, ampicillin (AMP), and a mycotoxin, fumonisin B1 (FB1). The ultralow limits of detection of 2.284 pM and 1.617 pg.mL-1, which we achieved respectively for AMP and FB1 are far lower than their corresponding maximum residue limits of 2.8 nM in milk and 2 to 4 mg kg-1 in corn products for human consumption set by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Additionally, the linear range of detection and quantification of AMP and FB1 were, respectively, 10 pM to 500 nM and 10 pg mL-1 to 1 µg mL-1. The unique structure and excellent electrochemical performance of Ti3C2Tx/Au nanocomposite suggest that it is highly suitable for anchoring biorecognition entities such as antibodies and oligonucleotides for monitoring various deleterious contaminants in agri-food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizheng Wang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 460 Henry Mall, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Yaoqi Yin
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 460 Henry Mall, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Sundaram Gunasekaran
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 460 Henry Mall, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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Lee IC, Li YCE, Thomas JL, Lee MH, Lin HY. Recent advances using MXenes in biomedical applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:876-902. [PMID: 38175543 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01588b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
An MXene is a novel two-dimensional transition metal carbide or nitride, with a typical formula of Mn+1XnTx (M = transition metals, X = carbon or nitrogen, and T = functional groups). MXenes have found wide application in biomedicine and biosensing, owing to their high biocompatibility, abundant reactive surface groups, good conductivity, and photothermal properties. Applications include photo- and electrochemical sensors, energy storage, and electronics. This review will highlight recent applications of MXene and MXene-derived materials in drug delivery, tissue engineering, antimicrobial activity, and biosensors (optical and electrochemical). We further elaborate on recent developments in utilizing MXenes for photothermal cancer therapy, and we explore multimodal treatments, including the integration of chemotherapeutic agents or magnetic nanoparticles for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. The high surface area and reactivity of MXenes provide an interface to respond to the changes in the environment, allowing MXene-based drug carriers to respond to changes in pH, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and electrical signals for controlled release applications. Furthermore, the conductivity of MXene enables it to provide electrical stimulation for cultured cells and endows it with photocatalytic capabilities that can be used in antibiotic applications. Wearable and in situ sensors incorporating MXenes are also included. Major challenges and future development directions of MXenes in biomedical applications are also discussed. The remarkable properties of MXenes will undoubtedly lead to their increasing use in the applications discussed here, as well as many others.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Ethan Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, 40724, Taiwan
| | - James L Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Mei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yin Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, 700, Kaohsiung University Rd., Nan-Tzu District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan.
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Chandrasekar N, Steffi AP, Ramachandran B, Hwang MT, Faramarzi V, Govarthanan M. MXenes - Versatile 2D materials for identification of biomarkers and contaminants in large scale environments - A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115900. [PMID: 37059325 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have seen a lot of interest in transition metal carbides/carbonitrides (MXenes), Which is one of newly proliferating two-dimensional (2D) materials.The advantages and applications of synthesizing MXenes-based biosensing systems are interesting. There is an urgent requirement for synthesis of MXenes. Through foliation, physical adsorption, and interface modification,it has been proposed that many biological disorders are related to genetic mutation. Majority of mutations were discovered to be nucleotide mismatches. Consequently, accurate -nucleotide mismatched discrimination is crucial for both diagnosing and treating diseases. To differentiate between such a sensitivealterations in the DNA duplex, several detection methods, particularly Electrochemical-luminescence (ECL) ones, have really been investigated.Mn+1XnTx is common name for MXenes, a novel family of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, where T stands for interface termination units (i.e. = O, OH, and/or F). These electronic characteristics of MXenes may be changed between conductive to semiconducting due to abundant organometallic chemistry.Solid-state ECL sensors predicated on MXene would provide the facile nucleotide detection and convenience for usage with minimal training, mobility and possibly minimal cost.This study emphasizes upcoming requirements and possibilities in this area while describing the accomplishments achieved in the usage and employing of MXenes in the research and development of facile biomarkerdetection and their significance in designing electrochemical sensors. Opportunities are addressed for creating 2D MXene materials sensors and devices with incorporated biomolecule sensing. MXenes Carry out this process sensors, address the advantages of using MXenes and their variants as detecting materials for gathering different types of data, and attempt to clarify the design principles and operation of related MXene-based sensors, such as nucleotide detection, Single nucleotide detectors, Cancer theranostics, Biosensing capabilities, Gliotoxin detection, SARS-COV-2 nucleocapsid detection, electrochemical sensors, visual sensors, and humidity sensors. Finally, we examine the major issues and prospects for MXene-based materials used in various sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendhar Chandrasekar
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-Daero, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-si, 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Alexander Pinky Steffi
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balaji Ramachandran
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Andhra Pradesh, 522302, India.
| | - Michael Taeyoung Hwang
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-Daero, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-si, 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Vahid Faramarzi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-194, Tehran, Iran
| | - Muthusamy Govarthanan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Wang W, Yin Y, Gunasekaran S. Nanozymatic degradation and simultaneous colorimetric detection of tetracycline. Food Chem 2023; 426:136607. [PMID: 37329799 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Tetracycline (TC) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that can enter and accumulate in the human body via the food chain. Even in small concentrations, TC can cause several malignant health effects. We developed a system to simultaneously degrade the presence of TC in food matrices using titanium carbide MXene (FL-Ti3C2Tx). The FL-Ti3C2Tx exhibited biocatalytic property that activates hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) molecules in 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB environment. During the FL-Ti3C2Tx reaction, the catalytic products released turn the color of the H2O2/TMB system bluish-green. However, when TC is present, the bluish-green color does not appear. Via quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we found that the TC is degraded by FL-Ti3C2Tx / H2O2 in preference to H2O2/TMB redox reaction, which intervenes in the color change. Hence, we developed a colorimetric assay to detect TC with a LOD of 615.38 nM and proposed two TC degradation pathways that facilitate the highly sensitive colorimetric bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizheng Wang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yaoqi Yin
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sundaram Gunasekaran
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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