Template Free Anisotropically Grown Gold Nanocluster Based Electrochemical Immunosensor for Ultralow Detection of Cardiac Troponin I

Electroactive Nanomaterials for the Prevention and Treatment of Heart Failure: From Materials and Mechanisms to Applications

Heart failure (HF) represents a cardiovascular disease that significantly threatens global well-being and quality of life. Electroactive nanomaterials, characterized by their distinctive physical and chemical properties, emerge as promising candidates for HF prevention and management. This review comprehensively examines electroactive nanomaterials and their applications in HF intervention. It presents the definition, classification, and intrinsic characteristics of conductive, piezoelectric, and triboelectric nanomaterials, emphasizing their mechanical robustness, electrical conductivity, and piezoelectric coefficients. The review elucidates their applications and mechanisms: 1) early detection and diagnosis, employing nanomaterial-based sensors for real-time cardiac health monitoring; 2) cardiac tissue repair and regeneration, providing mechanical, chemical, and electrical stimuli for tissue restoration; 3) localized administration of bioactive biomolecules, genes, or pharmacotherapeutic agents, using nanomaterials as advanced drug delivery systems; and 4) electrical stimulation therapies, leveraging their properties for innovative pacemaker and neurostimulation technologies. Challenges in clinical translation, such as biocompatibility, stability, and scalability, are discussed, along with future prospects and potential innovations, including multifunctional and stimuli-responsive nanomaterials for precise HF therapies. This review encapsulates current research and future directions concerning the use of electroactive nanomaterials in HF prevention and management, highlighting their potential to innovating in cardiovascular medicine.

Advancements in electrochemical biosensing of cardiovascular disease biomarkers

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) stand as a predominant global health concern, introducing vast socioeconomic challenges. In addressing this pressing dilemma, enhanced diagnostic modalities have become paramount, positioning electrochemical biosensing as an instrumental innovation. This comprehensive review navigates the multifaceted terrain of CVDs, elucidating their defining characteristics, clinical manifestations, therapeutic avenues, and intrinsic risk factors. Notable emphasis is placed on pivotal diagnostic tools, spotlighting cardiac biomarkers distinguished by their unmatched clinical precision in terms of relevance, sensitivity, and specificity. Highlighting the broader repercussions of CVDs, there emerges an accentuated need for refined diagnostic strategies. Such an exploration segues into a profound analysis of electrochemical biosensing, encapsulating its foundational principles, diverse classifications, and integral components, notably recognition molecules and transducers. Contemporary advancements in biosensing technologies are brought to the fore, emphasizing pioneering electrode architectures, cutting-edge signal amplification processes, and the synergistic integration of biosensors with microfluidic platforms. At the core of this discourse is the demonstrated proficiency of biosensors in detecting cardiovascular anomalies, underpinned by empirical case studies, systematic evaluations, and clinical insights. As the narrative unfolds, it addresses an array of inherent challenges, spanning intricate technicalities, real-world applicability constraints, and regulatory considerations, finally, by casting an anticipatory gaze upon the future of electrochemical biosensing, heralding a new era of diagnostic tools primed to revolutionize cardiovascular healthcare.

Advancements in biosensors for cancer detection: revolutionizing diagnostics

Cancer stands as the reigning champion of life-threatening diseases, casting a shadow with the highest global mortality rate. Unleashing the power of early cancer treatment is a vital weapon in the battle for efficient and positive outcomes. Yet, conventional screening procedures wield limitations of exorbitant costs, time-consuming endeavors, and impracticality for repeated testing. Enter bio-marker-based cancer diagnostics, which emerge as a formidable force in the realm of early detection, disease progression assessment, and ultimate cancer therapy. These remarkable devices boast a reputation for their exceptional sensitivity, streamlined setup requirements, and lightning fast response times. In this study, we embark on a captivating exploration of the most recent advancements and enhancements in the field of electrochemical marvels, targeting the detection of numerous cancer biomarkers. With each breakthrough, we inch closer to a future where cancer's grip on humanity weakens, guided by the promise of personalized treatment and improved patient outcomes. Together, we unravel the mysteries that cancer conceals and illuminate a path toward triumph against this daunting adversary. This study celebrates the relentless pursuit of progress, where electrochemical innovations take center stage in the quest for a world free from the clutches of carcinoma.

Special Issue "Synthetic Biology for Biosensing in Health and Environmental Applications"

Biosensors are analytical devices that utilize biological sensing elements, such as enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, or cells, to detect a given analyte [...].