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Marvi F, Jafari K, Shahabadi M, Tabarzad M, Ghorbani-Bidkorpeh F, Azad T. Ultrasensitive detection of vital biomolecules based on a multi-purpose BioMEMS for Point of care testing: digoxin measurement as a case study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1633. [PMID: 38238435 PMCID: PMC10796958 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51864-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid and label-free detection of very low concentrations of biomarkers in disease diagnosis or therapeutic drug monitoring is essential to prevent disease progression in Point of Care Testing. For this purpose, we propose a multi-purpose optical Bio-Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System (BioMEMS) sensing platform which can precisely measure very small changes of biomolecules concentrations in plasma-like buffer samples. This is realized by the development of an interferometric detection method on highly sensitive MEMS transducers (cantilevers). This approach facilitates the precise analysis of the obtained results to determine the analyte type and its concentrations. Furthermore, the proposed multi-purpose platform can be used for a wide range of biological assessments in various concentration levels by the use of an appropriate bioreceptor and the control of its coating density on the cantilever surface. In this study, the present system is prepared for the identification of digoxin medication in its therapeutic window for therapeutic drug monitoring as a case study. The experimental results represent the repeatability and stability of the proposed device as well as its capability to detect the analytes in less than eight minutes for all samples. In addition, according to the experiments carried out for very low concentrations of digoxin in plasma-like buffer, the detection limit of LOD = 300 fM and the maximum sensitivity of S = 5.5 × 1012 AU/M are achieved for the implemented biosensor. The present ultrasensitive multi-purpose BioMEMS sensor can be a fully-integrated, cost-effective device to precisely analyze various biomarker concentrations for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Marvi
- CenBRAIN Neurotech Center of Excellence, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kian Jafari
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Technological Innovation (3IT), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Quebec, J1K 2R1, Canada.
| | - Mahmoud Shahabadi
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Tabarzad
- Protein Technology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghorbani-Bidkorpeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taha Azad
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1E 4K8, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
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Winer L, Motiei L, Margulies D. Fluorescent Investigation of Proteins Using DNA-Synthetic Ligand Conjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1509-1522. [PMID: 37556353 PMCID: PMC10515487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The unfathomable role that fluorescence detection plays in the life sciences has prompted the development of countless fluorescent labels, sensors, and analytical techniques that can be used to detect and image proteins or investigate their properties. Motivated by the demand for simple-to-produce, modular, and versatile fluorescent tools to study proteins, many research groups have harnessed the advantages of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) for scaffolding such probes. Tight control over the valency and position of protein binders and fluorescent dyes decorating the polynucleotide chain and the ability to predict molecular architectures through self-assembly, inherent solubility, and stability are, in a nutshell, the important properties of DNA probes. This paper reviews the progress in developing DNA-based, fluorescent sensors or labels that navigate toward their protein targets through small-molecule (SM) or peptide ligands. By describing the design, operating principles, and applications of such systems, we aim to highlight the versatility and modularity of this approach and the ability to use ODN-SM or ODN-peptide conjugates for various applications such as protein modification, labeling, and imaging, as well as for biomarker detection, protein surface characterization, and the investigation of multivalency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Winer
- Department of Chemical and
Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Leila Motiei
- Department of Chemical and
Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - David Margulies
- Department of Chemical and
Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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Zhao S, Zhang R, Gao Y, Cheng Y, Zhao S, Li M, Li H, Dong J. Immunosensor for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Digoxin. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:15341-15349. [PMID: 37151524 PMCID: PMC10157669 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Digoxin is a cardiac glycosylated steroid-like drug with a positive inotropic effect and has been widely used in treating congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and other heart diseases. Digoxin is also a dangerous drug, which can cause drug poisoning at a low blood drug concentration (2.73-3.9 nmol/L, i.e., 2.14-3.05 ng/mL). Therefore, the timely detection of a patient's blood drug concentration plays a significant role in controlling blood drug concentration, reducing the occurrence of drug poisoning events, and maximizing the role of drug therapy. In this study, a DNA vector for the expression of the antidigoxin antibody Fab fragment was constructed. With the vector, Fab was expressed in E. coli and purified, and 1.2 mg of antibodies was obtained from 100 mL of culture. An immunofluorescent sensor based on the mechanism of photoinduced electron transfer was constructed by labeling additional cysteines in the heavy chain variable region and light chain variable region of the antibody Fab fragment with fluorescent dyes. The assay for digoxin with the immunosensor could be finished within 5 min with a limit of detection of 0.023 ng/mL, a detectable range of 0.023 ng/mL to 100 μg/mL, and an EC50 of 0.256 ng/mL. A new approach for the rapid detection of digoxin was developed and will contribulte to therapeutic drug monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Zhao
- School
of Life Science and Technology, Weifang
Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Ruxue Zhang
- School
of Life Science and Technology, Weifang
Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yujie Gao
- School
of Life Science and Technology, Weifang
Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yueqing Cheng
- School
of Life Science and Technology, Weifang
Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Shouzhen Zhao
- School
of Life Science and Technology, Weifang
Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Mei Li
- School
of Life Science and Technology, Weifang
Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Haimei Li
- School
of Life Science and Technology, Weifang
Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- E-mail:
| | - Jinhua Dong
- School
of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- International
Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute
of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- E-mail:
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Nielsen LDF, Hansen-Bruhn M, Nijenhuis MAD, Gothelf KV. Protein-Induced Fluorescence Enhancement and Quenching in a Homogeneous DNA-Based Assay for Rapid Detection of Small-Molecule Drugs in Human Plasma. ACS Sens 2022; 7:856-865. [PMID: 35239321 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Homogeneous assays for determining the concentration of small molecules in biological fluids are of importance for monitoring blood levels of critical drugs in patients. We have developed a strand displacement competition assay for the drugs dabigatran, methotrexate, and linezolid, which allows detection and determination of the concentration of the drugs in plasma; however, a surprising kinetic behavior of the assay was observed with an initial rapid change in apparent FRET values. We found that protein-induced fluorescent enhancement or quenching (PIFE/Q) caused the initial change in fluorescence within the first minute after addition of protein, which could be exploited to construct assays for concentration determination within minutes in the low nanomolar range in plasma. A kinetic model for the assay was established, and when taking the new finding into account, the in silico simulations were in good agreement with the experimentally observed results. Utilizing these findings, a simpler assay was constructed for detection of dabigatran, which allowed for detection within minutes without any time dependencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line D. F. Nielsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Malthe Hansen-Bruhn
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Minke A. D. Nijenhuis
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kurt V. Gothelf
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Nano optical and electrochemical sensors and biosensors for detection of narrow therapeutic index drugs. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:411. [PMID: 34741213 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, a comprehensive review is presented on the quantitative determination of narrow therapeutic index drugs (NTIDs) by nano optical and electrochemical sensors and biosensors. NTIDs have a narrow index between their effective doses and those at which they produce adverse toxic effects. Therefore, accurate determination of these drugs is very important for clinicians to provide a clear judgment about drug therapy for patients. Routine analytical techniques have limitations such as being expensive, laborious, and time-consuming, and need a skilled user and therefore the nano/(bio)sensing technology leads to high interest.
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Ranallo S, Sorrentino D, Ricci F. Orthogonal regulation of DNA nanostructure self-assembly and disassembly using antibodies. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5509. [PMID: 31796740 PMCID: PMC6890650 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13104-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report a rational strategy to orthogonally control assembly and disassembly of DNA-based nanostructures using specific IgG antibodies as molecular inputs. We first demonstrate that the binding of a specific antibody to a pair of antigen-conjugated split DNA input-strands induces their co-localization and reconstitution into a functional unit that is able to initiate a toehold strand displacement reaction. The effect is rapid and specific and can be extended to different antibodies with the expedient of changing the recognition elements attached to the two split DNA input-strands. Such an antibody-regulated DNA-based circuit has then been employed to control the assembly and disassembly of DNA tubular structures using specific antibodies as inputs. For example, we demonstrate that we can induce self-assembly and disassembly of two distinct DNA tubular structures by using DNA circuits controlled by two different IgG antibodies (anti-Dig and anti-DNP antibodies) in the same solution in an orthogonal way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ranallo
- Chemistry Department, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Sorrentino
- Chemistry Department, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Chemistry Department, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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