1
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Wang N, Floriano Marcelino T, Ade C, Pendlmayr S, Ramos Docampo MA, Städler B. Collagenase motors in gelatine-based hydrogels. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:9935-9943. [PMID: 38690802 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05712g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Nano/micromotors outperform Brownian motion due to their self-propulsive capabilities and hold promise as carriers for drug delivery across biological barriers such as the extracellular matrix. This study employs poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) polymer brushes to enhance the collagenase-loading capacity of silica particle-based motors with the aim to systematically investigate the impact of gelatine viscosity, motors' size, and morphology on their propulsion velocity. Notably, 500 nm and 1 μm motors achieve similar speeds as high as ∼15 μm s-1 in stiff gelatine-based hydrogels when triggered with calcium. Taken together, our findings highlight the potential of collagenase-based motors for navigating the extracellular matrix, positioning them as promising candidates for efficient drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanying Wang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Thaís Floriano Marcelino
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Carina Ade
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Stefan Pendlmayr
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Miguel A Ramos Docampo
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Brigitte Städler
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
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2
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Chaudhari V, Vairagade V, Thakkar A, Shende H, Vora A. Nanotechnology-based fungal detection and treatment: current status and future perspective. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:77-97. [PMID: 37597093 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Fungal infections impose a significant impact on global health and encompass major expenditures in medical treatments. Human mycoses, a fungal co-infection associated with SARS-CoV-2, is caused by opportunistic fungal pathogens and is often overlooked or misdiagnosed. Recently, there is increasing threat about spread of antimicrobial resistance in fungus, mostly in hospitals and other healthcare facilities. The diagnosis and treatment of fungal infections are associated with several issues, including tedious and non-selective detection methods, the growth of drug-resistant bacteria, severe side effects, and ineffective drug delivery. Thus, a rapid and sensitive diagnostic method and a high-efficacy and low-toxicity therapeutic approach are needed. Nanomedicine has emerged as a viable option for overcoming these limitations. Due to the unique physicochemical and optical properties of nanomaterials and newer biosensing techniques, nanodiagnostics play an important role in the accurate and prompt differentiation and detection of fungal diseases. Additionally, nano-based drug delivery techniques can increase drug permeability, reduce adverse effects, and extend systemic circulation time and drug half-life. This review paper is aimed at highlighting recent, promising, and unique trends in nanotechnology to design and develop diagnostics and treatment methods for fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Chaudhari
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, India
| | - Vaishnavi Vairagade
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, India
| | - Ami Thakkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, India
| | - Himani Shende
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, India
| | - Amisha Vora
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, India.
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3
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Fusi AD, Li Y, Llopis-Lorente A, Patiño T, van Hest JCM, Abdelmohsen LKEA. Achieving Control in Micro-/Nanomotor Mobility. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214754. [PMID: 36413146 PMCID: PMC10107182 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Unprecedented opportunities exist for the generation of advanced nanotechnologies based on synthetic micro/nanomotors (MNMs), such as active transport of medical agents or the removal of pollutants. In this regard, great efforts have been dedicated toward controlling MNM motion (e.g., speed, directionality). This was generally performed by precise engineering and optimizing of the motors' chassis, engine, powering mode (i.e., chemical or physical), and mechanism of motion. Recently, new insights have emerged to control motors mobility, mainly by the inclusion of different modes that drive propulsion. With high degree of synchronization, these modes work providing the required level of control. In this Minireview, we discuss the diverse factors that impact motion; these include MNM morphology, modes of mobility, and how control over motion was achieved. Moreover, we highlight the main limitations that need to be overcome so that such motion control can be translated into real applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Fusi
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Het Kranenveld 14, 5612, AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Yudong Li
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Het Kranenveld 14, 5612, AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - A Llopis-Lorente
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Het Kranenveld 14, 5612, AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Tania Patiño
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Het Kranenveld 14, 5612, AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Het Kranenveld 14, 5612, AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Loai K E A Abdelmohsen
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Het Kranenveld 14, 5612, AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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4
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Cai L, Xu D, Zhang Z, Li N, Zhao Y. Tailoring Functional Micromotors for Sensing. RESEARCH 2023; 6:0044. [PMID: 37040517 PMCID: PMC10078326 DOI: 10.34133/research.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Micromotors are identified as a promising candidate in the field of sensing benefiting from their capacity of autonomous movement. Here, a review on the development of tailoring micromotors for sensing is presented, covering from their propulsion mechanisms and sensing strategies to applications. First, we concisely summarize the propulsion mechanism of micromotors involving fuel-based propulsion and fuel-free propulsion introducing their principles. Then, emphasis is laid to the sensing stratagems of the micromotors including speed-based sensing strategy, fluorescence-based sensing strategy, and other strategies. We listed typical examples of different sensing stratagems. After that, we introduce the applications of micromotors in sensing fields including environmental science, food safety, and biomedical fields. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of the micromotors tailored for sensing. We believe that this comprehensive review can help readers to catch the research frontiers in the field of sensing and thus to burst out new ideas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Dongyu Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Zeyou Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China
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5
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Popescu MN, Gáspár S. Analyte Sensing with Catalytic Micromotors. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:45. [PMID: 36671880 PMCID: PMC9856142 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic micromotors can be used to detect molecules of interest in several ways. The straightforward approach is to use such motors as sensors of their "fuel" (i.e., of the species consumed for self-propulsion). Another way is in the detection of species which are not fuel but still modulate the catalytic processes facilitating self-propulsion. Both of these require analysis of the motion of the micromotors because the speed (or the diffusion coefficient) of the micromotors is the analytical signal. Alternatively, catalytic micromotors can be used as the means to enhance mass transport, and thus increase the probability of specific recognition events in the sample. This latter approach is based on "classic" (e.g., electrochemical) analytical signals and does not require an analysis of the motion of the micromotors. Together with a discussion of the current limitations faced by sensing concepts based on the speed (or diffusion coefficient) of catalytic micromotors, we review the findings of the studies devoted to the analytical performances of catalytic micromotor sensors. We conclude that the qualitative (rather than quantitative) analysis of small samples, in resource poor environments, is the most promising niche for the catalytic micromotors in analytical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihail N. Popescu
- Física Teórica, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1065, E-41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Szilveszter Gáspár
- International Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
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6
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Liu T, Xie L, Price CAH, Liu J, He Q, Kong B. Controlled propulsion of micro/nanomotors: operational mechanisms, motion manipulation and potential biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:10083-10119. [PMID: 36416191 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00432a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by natural mobile microorganisms, researchers have developed micro/nanomotors (MNMs) that can autonomously move by transducing different kinds of energies into kinetic energy. The rapid development of MNMs has created tremendous opportunities for biomedical fields including diagnostics, therapeutics, and theranostics. Although the great progress has been made in MNM research, at a fundamental level, the accepted propulsion mechanisms are still a controversial matter. In practical applications such as precision nanomedicine, the precise control of the motion, including the speed and directionality, of MNMs is also important, which makes advanced motion manipulation desirable. Very recently, diverse MNMs with different propulsion strategies, morphologies, sizes, porosities and chemical structures have been fabricated and applied for various uses. Herein, we thoroughly summarize the physical principles behind propulsion strategies, as well as the recent advances in motion manipulation methods and relevant biomedical applications of these MNMs. The current challenges in MNM research are also discussed. We hope this review can provide a bird's eye overview of the MNM research and inspire researchers to create novel and more powerful MNMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China. .,DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Cameron-Alexander Hurd Price
- DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Jian Liu
- DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK. .,State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010021, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Biao Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China. .,Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
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7
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Sarkar S, Gogoi M, Mahato M, Joshi AB, Baruah AJ, Kodgire P, Boruah P. Biosensors for detection of prostate cancer: a review. Biomed Microdevices 2022; 24:32. [PMID: 36169742 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-022-00631-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC) has posed a challenge worldwide due to the sophisticated and costly diagnostics tools, which include DRE, TRUS, GSU, PET/CT scan, MRI, and biopsy. These diagnostic techniques are very helpful in the detection of PCs; however, all the techniques have their serious limitations. Biosensors are easier to fabricate and do not require any cutting-edge technology as required for other imaging techniques. In this regard, point-of-care (POC) biosensors are important due to their portability, convenience, low cost, and fast procedure. This review explains the various existing diagnostic tools for the detection of PCs and the limitation of these methods. It also focuses on the recent studies on biosensors technologies as an alternative to the conventional diagnostic techniques for the detection of PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Manashjit Gogoi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, Meghalaya, India.
| | - Mrityunjoy Mahato
- Physics Division, Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Abhijeet Balwantrao Joshi
- Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore-453552, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Arup Jyoti Baruah
- Department of General Surgery, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Prashant Kodgire
- Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore-453552, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Polina Boruah
- Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong-793018, Meghalaya, India
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Zherdev AV, Dzantiev BB. Detection Limits of Immunoanalytical Systems: Limiting Factors and Methods of Reduction. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934822040141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Dutta S, Corni S, Brancolini G. Atomistic Simulations of Functionalized Nano-Materials for Biosensors Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1484. [PMID: 35163407 PMCID: PMC8835741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale biosensors, a highly promising technique in clinical analysis, can provide sensitive yet label-free detection of biomolecules. The spatial and chemical specificity of the surface coverage, the proper immobilization of the bioreceptor as well as the underlying interfacial phenomena are crucial elements for optimizing the performance of a biosensor. Due to experimental limitations at the microscopic level, integrated cross-disciplinary approaches that combine in silico design with experimental measurements have the potential to present a powerful new paradigm that tackles the issue of developing novel biosensors. In some cases, computational studies can be seen as alternative approaches to assess the microscopic working mechanisms of biosensors. Nonetheless, the complex architecture of a biosensor, associated with the collective contribution from "substrate-receptor-analyte" conjugate in a solvent, often requires extensive atomistic simulations and systems of prohibitive size which need to be addressed. In silico studies of functionalized surfaces also require ad hoc force field parameterization, as existing force fields for biomolecules are usually unable to correctly describe the biomolecule/surface interface. Thus, the computational studies in this field are limited to date. In this review, we aim to introduce fundamental principles that govern the absorption of biomolecules onto functionalized nanomaterials and to report state-of-the-art computational strategies to rationally design nanoscale biosensors. A detailed account of available in silico strategies used to drive and/or optimize the synthesis of functionalized nanomaterials for biosensing will be presented. The insights will not only stimulate the field to rationally design functionalized nanomaterials with improved biosensing performance but also foster research on the required functionalization to improve biomolecule-surface complex formation as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.)
- Institute of Nanoscience, CNR-NANO S3, Via G. Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Corni
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.)
- Institute of Nanoscience, CNR-NANO S3, Via G. Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giorgia Brancolini
- Institute of Nanoscience, CNR-NANO S3, Via G. Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Abstract
Living things in nature have evolved with unique morphologies, structures, materials, behaviors, and functions to survive in complex natural environments. Nature has inspired the design ideas, preparation methods, and applications of versatile micro/nanomotors. This review summarizes diverse nature-inspired micro/nanomotors, which can be divided into five groups: (i) natural morphology-inspired micro/nanomotors, whose shapes are designed to imitate the morphologies of plants, animals, and objects in nature. (ii) Natural structure-inspired micro/nanomotors, which use structures from plants, red blood cells, and platelet cells as components of micro/nanomotors, or directly use sperm cells and microorganisms as the engines of micro/nanomotors. (iii) Natural behavior-inspired micro/nanomotors, which are proposed to mimic natural behaviors such as motion behavior, swarm behavior, and communication behavior between individuals. (iv) Micro/nanomotors inspired by both natural morphology and behavior. Nature makes it possible for synthetic micro/nanomotors to possess interesting morphologies, novel preparation methods, new propulsion modes, innovative functions, and broad applications. The nature-inspired micro/nanomotors could provide a promising platform for various practical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Chang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, China
| | - Yiwen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
| | - Bin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Dekai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
| | - Longqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
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11
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Fritea L, Banica F, Costea TO, Moldovan L, Dobjanschi L, Muresan M, Cavalu S. Metal Nanoparticles and Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Improved Performances of Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors with Biomedical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6319. [PMID: 34771844 PMCID: PMC8585379 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring human health for early detection of disease conditions or health disorders is of major clinical importance for maintaining a healthy life. Sensors are small devices employed for qualitative and quantitative determination of various analytes by monitoring their properties using a certain transduction method. A "real-time" biosensor includes a biological recognition receptor (such as an antibody, enzyme, nucleic acid or whole cell) and a transducer to convert the biological binding event to a detectable signal, which is read out indicating both the presence and concentration of the analyte molecule. A wide range of specific analytes with biomedical significance at ultralow concentration can be sensitively detected. In nano(bio)sensors, nanoparticles (NPs) are incorporated into the (bio)sensor design by attachment to the suitably modified platforms. For this purpose, metal nanoparticles have many advantageous properties making them useful in the transducer component of the (bio)sensors. Gold, silver and platinum NPs have been the most popular ones, each form of these metallic NPs exhibiting special surface and interface features, which significantly improve the biocompatibility and transduction of the (bio)sensor compared to the same process in the absence of these NPs. This comprehensive review is focused on the main types of NPs used for electrochemical (bio)sensors design, especially screen-printed electrodes, with their specific medical application due to their improved analytical performances and miniaturized form. Other advantages such as supporting real-time decision and rapid manipulation are pointed out. A special attention is paid to carbon-based nanomaterials (especially carbon nanotubes and graphene), used by themselves or decorated with metal nanoparticles, with excellent features such as high surface area, excellent conductivity, effective catalytic properties and biocompatibility, which confer to these hybrid nanocomposites a wide biomedical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminita Fritea
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 Decembrie, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (L.F.); (F.B.); (M.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Florin Banica
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 Decembrie, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (L.F.); (F.B.); (M.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Traian Octavian Costea
- Advanced Materials Research Infrastructure—SMARTMAT, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Liviu Moldovan
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Luciana Dobjanschi
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 Decembrie, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (L.F.); (F.B.); (M.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Mariana Muresan
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 Decembrie, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (L.F.); (F.B.); (M.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 Decembrie, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (L.F.); (F.B.); (M.M.); (S.C.)
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12
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Johnson AP, Sabu C, Swamy NK, Anto A, Gangadharappa H, Pramod K. Graphene nanoribbon: An emerging and efficient flat molecular platform for advanced biosensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 184:113245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Harsha L, Bhuyan T, Maity S, Mondal PK, Ghosh SS, Bandyopadhyay D. Multifunctional liquid marbles to stabilize and transport reactive fluids. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:5084-5095. [PMID: 33942823 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00310k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The self-organized transport and delivery of reactive liquids without spillage or loss of activity have been among the most daunting challenges for a long time. In this direction, we employ the concept of forming "liquid marbles" (LMs) to encapsulate and transport reactive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) coated with functional microparticles. For example, peroxide marbles coated with a toner ink display remote-controlled magnetotactic movement inside a fluidic medium, thus overcoming the weaknesses associated with use of the bare droplets. Interestingly, in such a scenario, the coating of the marbles could also be removed or reformed by bringing the magnet towards or away from the marble. In this way, this process could ensure an on-demand remotely guided coating on the peroxide droplet or its removal. The liquid marbles carrying peroxide solutions are found to preserve the activity of the peroxide and exhibit a low evaporation rate compared with the uncoated peroxide fuel. Interestingly, oil droplets floating on the water could be recovered by introducing the armoured LMs into water under magnetic guidance. Further, the functionalized marbles could be employed as suicide bags for the on-demand delivery of reactive materials in targeted locations. Preliminary research on the antibacterial activity of such liquid marbles has proven to be effective in bacterial killing, which may create new avenues for emerging antibacterial and antibiofilm applications. Finally, such functionalized LMs have been employed to investigate the effects of surface charge on attachment of recombinant Escherichia coli bacteria expressing green fluorescent protein and monitoring the real-time imaging of bacterial death attached to the marble surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lankipalli Harsha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam - 781039, India
| | - Tamanna Bhuyan
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam - 781039, India
| | - Surjendu Maity
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam - 781039, India
| | - Pranab K Mondal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam - 781039, India
| | - Siddhartha Sankar Ghosh
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam - 781039, India and Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam - 781039, India
| | - Dipankar Bandyopadhyay
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam - 781039, India and Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam - 781039, India.
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Wang Q, Shi T, Wan M, Wei J, Wang F, Mao C. Research progress of using micro/nanomotors in the detection and therapy of diseases related to the blood environment. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:283-294. [PMID: 33241834 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02055a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Micro/nanomotors bring new possibilities for the detection and therapy of diseases related to the blood environment with their unique motion effect. This work reviews the research progress of using micro/nanomotors in the detection and therapy of diseases related to the blood environment. First, we outline the advantages of using micro/nanomotors in blood-related disease detection. To be specific, the motion capability of micro/nanomotors can increase plasma or blood fluid convection and accelerate the interaction between the sample and the capture probe. This allows the effective reduction of the amount of reagents and treatment steps. Therefore, the application of micro/nanomotors significantly improves the analytical performance. Second, we discuss the key challenges and future prospects of micro/nanomotors in the treatment of blood-environment related diseases. It is very important to design a unique treatment plan according to the etiology and specific microenvironment of the disease. The next generation of micro/nanomotors is expected to bring exciting progress to the detection and therapy of blood-environment related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China. and School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tao Shi
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Mimi Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jia Wei
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chun Mao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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15
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Liu X, Wang Y, Gao Y, Song Y. Gas-propelled biosensors for quantitative analysis. Analyst 2021; 146:1115-1126. [PMID: 33459312 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02154g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gas-propelled biosensors display a simple gas-based signal amplification with quantitative detection features based on the target recognition event in combination with gas propulsion. Due to the liquid-gas conversion, the gas not only pushes the ink bar forward in the microchannel, but also serves as the power to propel the micromotors in the liquid. Thus, this continuous motion leads to a shift in distances which is associated with the target amount. Therefore, gas-propelled biosensors provide a visual quantification based on distance or speed signals without the need for expensive instruments. In this review, we focus on current developments in gas-propelled biosensors for quantitative analysis. First, we list the types of gas utilized as actuators in biosensors. Second, we review the representative gas-propelled biosensors, including the propulsion mechanisms and fabrication methods. Moreover, gas-propelled quantification based on distance and speed is summarized. Finally, we cover applications and provide a future perspective of gas-propelled biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Liu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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16
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Biofriendly micro/nanomotors operating on biocatalysis: from natural to biological environments. BIOPHYSICS REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41048-020-00119-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Micro/nanomotors (MNMs) are tiny motorized objects that can autonomously navigate in complex fluidic environments under the influence of an appropriate source of energy. Internal energy-driven MNMs are composed of certain reactive materials that are capable of converting chemical energy from the surroundings into kinetic energy. Recent advances in smart nanomaterials design and processing have endowed the internal energy-driven MNMs with different geometrical designs and various mechanisms of locomotion, with remarkable traveling speed in diverse environments ranging from environmental water to complex body fluids. Among the different design principals, MNM systems that operate from biocatalysis possess biofriendly components, efficient energy conversion, and mild working condition, exhibiting a potential of stepping out of the proof-of-concept phase for addressing many real-life environmental and biotechnological challenges. The biofriendliness of MNMs should not only be considered for in vivo drug delivery but also for environmental remediation and chemical sensing that only environmentally friendly intermediates and degraded products are generated. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent advances in biofriendly MNM design using biocatalysis as the predominant driving force, towards practical applications in biotechnology and environmental technology.
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17
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Tezel G, Timur SS, Kuralay F, Gürsoy RN, Ulubayram K, Öner L, Eroğlu H. Current status of micro/nanomotors in drug delivery. J Drug Target 2020; 29:29-45. [PMID: 32672079 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1797052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic micro/nanomotors (MNMs) are novel, self-propelled nano or microscale devices that are widely used in drug transport, cell stimulation and isolation, bio-imaging, diagnostic and monitoring, sensing, photocatalysis and environmental remediation. Various preparation methods and propulsion mechanisms make MNMs "tailormade" nanosystems for the intended purpose or use. As the one of the newest members of nano carriers, MNMs open a new perspective especially for rapid drug transport and gene delivery. Although there exists limited number of in-vivo studies for drug delivery purposes, existence of in-vitro supportive data strongly encourages researchers to move on in this field and benefit from the manoeuvre capability of these novel systems. In this article, we reviewed the preparation and propulsion mechanisms of nanomotors in various fields with special attention to drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Tezel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selin Seda Timur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Filiz Kuralay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - R Neslihan Gürsoy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kezban Ulubayram
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Levent Öner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Eroğlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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18
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Mansuriya BD, Altintas Z. Applications of Graphene Quantum Dots in Biomedical Sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E1072. [PMID: 32079119 PMCID: PMC7070974 DOI: 10.3390/s20041072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to the proliferative cancer rates, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune diseases and a plethora of infections across the globe, it is essential to introduce strategies that can rapidly and specifically detect the ultralow concentrations of relevant biomarkers, pathogens, toxins and pharmaceuticals in biological matrices. Considering these pathophysiologies, various research works have become necessary to fabricate biosensors for their early diagnosis and treatment, using nanomaterials like quantum dots (QDs). These nanomaterials effectively ameliorate the sensor performance with respect to their reproducibility, selectivity as well as sensitivity. In particular, graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which are ideally graphene fragments of nanometer size, constitute discrete features such as acting as attractive fluorophores and excellent electro-catalysts owing to their photo-stability, water-solubility, biocompatibility, non-toxicity and lucrativeness that make them favorable candidates for a wide range of novel biomedical applications. Herein, we reviewed about 300 biomedical studies reported over the last five years which entail the state of art as well as some pioneering ideas with respect to the prominent role of GQDs, especially in the development of optical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical biosensors. Additionally, we outline the ideal properties of GQDs, their eclectic methods of synthesis, and the general principle behind several biosensing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zeynep Altintas
- Technical University of Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany;
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19
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Mansuriya BD, Altintas Z. Graphene Quantum Dot-Based Electrochemical Immunosensors for Biomedical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 13:E96. [PMID: 31878102 PMCID: PMC6982008 DOI: 10.3390/ma13010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the area of biomedicine, research for designing electrochemical sensors has evolved over the past decade, since it is crucial to selectively quantify biomarkers or pathogens in clinical samples for the efficacious diagnosis and/or treatment of various diseases. To fulfil the demand of rapid, specific, economic, and easy detection of such biomolecules in ultralow amounts, numerous nanomaterials have been explored to effectively enhance the sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility of immunosensors. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have garnered tremendous attention in immunosensor development, owing to their special attributes such as large surface area, excellent biocompatibility, quantum confinement, edge effects, and abundant sites for chemical modification. Besides these distinct features, GQDs acquire peroxidase (POD)-mimicking electro-catalytic activity, and hence, they can replace horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-based systems to conduct facile, quick, and inexpensive label-free immunoassays. The chief motive of this review article is to summarize and focus on the recent advances in GQD-based electrochemical immunosensors for the early and rapid detection of cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and pathogenic diseases. Moreover, the underlying principles of electrochemical immunosensing techniques are also highlighted. These GQD immunosensors are ubiquitous in biomedical diagnosis and conducive for miniaturization, encouraging low-cost disease diagnostics in developing nations using point-of-care testing (POCT) and similar allusive techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zeynep Altintas
- Technical University of Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany;
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20
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Campuzano S, Gamella M, Serafín V, Pedrero M, Yáñez-Sedeño P, Pingarrón JM. Biosensing and Delivery of Nucleic Acids Involving Selected Well-Known and Rising Star Functional Nanomaterials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1614. [PMID: 31739523 PMCID: PMC6915577 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the last fifteen years, the nucleic acid biosensors and delivery area has seen a breakthrough due to the interrelation between the recognition of nucleic acid's high specificity, the great sensitivity of electrochemical and optical transduction and the unprecedented opportunities imparted by nanotechnology. Advances in this area have demonstrated that the assembly of nanoscaled materials allows the performance enhancement, particularly in terms of sensitivity and response time, of functional nucleic acids' biosensing and delivery to a level suitable for the construction of point-of-care diagnostic tools. Consequently, this has propelled detection methods using nanomaterials to the vanguard of the biosensing and delivery research fields. This review overviews the striking advancement in functional nanomaterials' assisted biosensing and delivery of nucleic acids. We highlight the advantages demonstrated by selected well-known and rising star functional nanomaterials (metallic, magnetic and Janus nanomaterials) focusing on the literature produced in the past five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Campuzano
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.); (V.S.); (M.P.)
| | | | | | | | - Paloma Yáñez-Sedeño
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.); (V.S.); (M.P.)
| | - José Manuel Pingarrón
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.); (V.S.); (M.P.)
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21
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Bhuyan T, Dutta D, Bhattacharjee M, Singh AK, Ghosh SS, Bandyopadhyay D. Acoustic Propulsion of Vitamin C Loaded Teabots for Targeted Oxidative Stress and Amyloid Therapeutics. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:4571-4582. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamanna Bhuyan
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Deepanjalee Dutta
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mitradip Bhattacharjee
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Siddhartha Sankar Ghosh
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Dipankar Bandyopadhyay
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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22
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Le TC, Zhai J, Chiu WH, Tran PA, Tran N. Janus particles: recent advances in the biomedical applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:6749-6777. [PMID: 31692550 PMCID: PMC6711559 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s169030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus particles, which are named after the two-faced Roman god Janus, have two distinct sides with different surface features, structures, and compositions. This asymmetric structure enables the combination of different or even incompatible physical, chemical, and mechanical properties within a single particle. Much effort has been focused on the preparation of Janus particles with high homogeneity, tunable size and shape, combined functionalities, and scalability. With their unique features, Janus particles have attracted attention in a wide range of applications such as in optics, catalysis, and biomedicine. As a biomedical device, Janus particles offer opportunities to incorporate therapeutics, imaging, or sensing modalities in independent compartments of a single particle in a spatially controlled manner. This may result in synergistic actions of combined therapies and multi-level targeting not possible in isotropic systems. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in employing Janus particles as therapeutic delivery carriers, in vivo imaging probes, and biosensors. Challenges and future opportunities for these particles will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu C Le
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001,Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001,Australia
| | - Wei-Hsun Chiu
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Phong A Tran
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Interface Science and Materials Engineering group, School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001,Australia
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23
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Abstract
Magnetic Janus particles bring together the ability of Janus particles to perform two different functions at the same time in a single particle with magnetic properties enabling their remote manipulation, which allows headed movement and orientation. This article reviews the preparation procedures and applications in the (bio)sensing field of static and self-propelled magnetic Janus particles. The main progress in the fabrication procedures and the applicability of these particles are critically discussed, also giving some clues on challenges to be dealt with and future prospects. The promising characteristics of magnetic Janus particles in the (bio)sensing field, providing increased kinetics and sensitivity and decreased times of analysis derived from the use of external magnetic fields in their manipulation, allows foreseeing their great and exciting potential in the medical and environmental remediation fields.
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24
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Zhang B, Huang G, Wang L, Wang T, Liu L, Di Z, Liu X, Mei Y. Rolled-Up Monolayer Graphene Tubular Micromotors: Enhanced Performance and Antibacterial Property. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2479-2484. [PMID: 30939230 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The motion of catalytic tubular micromotors are driven by the oxygen bubbles generated from chemical reaction and is influenced by the resistance from the liquid environment. Herein, we fabricated a rolled-up graphene tubular micromotor, in which the graphene layer was adopted as the outmost surface. Due to the hydrophobic property of the graphene layer, the fabricated micromotor performed a motion pattern that could escape from the attraction from the bubbles. In addition, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus culture experiments proved that the graphene outer surface displays antibacterial property. Considering the bubble-avoiding and antibacterial properties, the rolled-up graphene tubular micromotor holds great potential for various applications such as in vivo drug delivery and biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biran Zhang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Gaoshan Huang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Tianbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.,State Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of the Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zengfeng Di
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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25
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Neves MMPDS, Martín-Yerga D. Advanced Nanoscale Approaches to Single-(Bio)entity Sensing and Imaging. BIOSENSORS 2018; 8:E100. [PMID: 30373209 PMCID: PMC6316691 DOI: 10.3390/bios8040100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Individual (bio)chemical entities could show a very heterogeneous behaviour under the same conditions that could be relevant in many biological processes of significance in the life sciences. Conventional detection approaches are only able to detect the average response of an ensemble of entities and assume that all entities are identical. From this perspective, important information about the heterogeneities or rare (stochastic) events happening in individual entities would remain unseen. Some nanoscale tools present interesting physicochemical properties that enable the possibility to detect systems at the single-entity level, acquiring richer information than conventional methods. In this review, we introduce the foundations and the latest advances of several nanoscale approaches to sensing and imaging individual (bio)entities using nanoprobes, nanopores, nanoimpacts, nanoplasmonics and nanomachines. Several (bio)entities such as cells, proteins, nucleic acids, vesicles and viruses are specifically considered. These nanoscale approaches provide a wide and complete toolbox for the study of many biological systems at the single-entity level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Martín-Yerga
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100-44 Stockholm, Sweden.
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26
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Yu H, Tang W, Mu G, Wang H, Chang X, Dong H, Qi L, Zhang G, Li T. Micro-/Nanorobots Propelled by Oscillating Magnetic Fields. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E540. [PMID: 30715039 PMCID: PMC6266240 DOI: 10.3390/mi9110540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent strides in micro- and nanomanufacturing technologies have sparked the development of micro-/nanorobots with enhanced power and functionality. Due to the advantages of on-demand motion control, long lifetime, and great biocompatibility, magnetic propelled micro-/nanorobots have exhibited considerable promise in the fields of drug delivery, biosensing, bioimaging, and environmental remediation. The magnetic fields which provide energy for propulsion can be categorized into rotating and oscillating magnetic fields. In this review, recent developments in oscillating magnetic propelled micro-/nanorobot fabrication techniques (such as electrodeposition, self-assembly, electron beam evaporation, and three-dimensional (3D) direct laser writing) are summarized. The motion mechanism of oscillating magnetic propelled micro-/nanorobots are also discussed, including wagging propulsion, surface walker propulsion, and scallop propulsion. With continuous innovation, micro-/nanorobots can become a promising candidate for future applications in the biomedical field. As a step toward designing and building such micro-/nanorobots, several types of common fabrication techniques are briefly introduced. Then, we focus on three propulsion mechanisms of micro-/nanorobots in oscillation magnetic fields: (1) wagging propulsion; (2) surface walker; and (3) scallop propulsion. Finally, a summary table is provided to compare the abilities of different micro-/nanorobots driven by oscillating magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Wentian Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Guanyu Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Haocheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Xiaocong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Huijuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Liqun Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Tianlong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
- Department of Analytical, Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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27
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Microscale and Nanoscale Biosensors. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2018; 8:bios8030066. [PMID: 29986425 PMCID: PMC6164539 DOI: 10.3390/bios8030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The emerge of nanotechnology along with the success of the microelectronics industry has motivated the miniaturization of biosensors into the nano/microscale. This Special Issue highlights recent advances in microscale and nanoscale biosensors, including self-propelled micromotors: their materials, fabrication, and applications. A total of seven papers (five research and two review papers) are included. Different but related topics are covered, from biosensor design (paper strips and digital microfluidic chips) to integrated configurations that monitor metabolites in cellular environments. The reviews are devoted to protein-based biosensors and moving biosensors based on self-propelled micromotors.
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