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de Jesus CG, da Rocha Rodrigues R, da Silva CAM, Péres LO. Artificial neural networks in the modeling of the catalytic activity of a biosensor composed of conjugated polymers and urease. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1217-1227. [PMID: 38180497 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05114-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Thin films of conjugated polymer and enzyme can be used to unravel the interaction between components in a biosensor. Using artificial neural networks (ANNs) improves data interpretability and helps construct models with great capacity for classifying and processing information. The present work used kinetic data from the catalytic activity of urease immobilized in different conjugated polymers to create ANN models using time, substrate concentration, and absorbance as input variables since the models had absorbance in a posterior instant as output value to explore the predictivity of the ANNs. The performance of the models was evaluated by Pearson's correlation coefficient (ρ) and mean squared error (MSE) values. After the learning process, a series of new experiments were performed to verify the generality of the models. As the main results, the best ANN model presented 0.9980 and 3.0736 × 10-5 for ρ and MSE, respectively. For the simulation step, intermediary values of substrate concentration were used. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) values were 3.34, 3.07, and 3.78 for 12 mM, 22 mM, and 32 mM concentrations, respectively. Overall, with the simulations, it was possible to ascertain the interpolatory capacity of the model, which has a learning mechanism based on absorbance and time as variables. Thus, the potential of ANNs would be in their use in pre-evaluations, helping to determine the substrate concentration at which there is higher catalytic activity or in determining the linear range of the sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cléber Gomes de Jesus
- Laboratory of Hybrid Materials, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Laura Oliveira Péres
- Laboratory of Hybrid Materials, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
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Orzari LO, Silva LRGE, de Freitas RC, Brazaca LC, Janegitz BC. Lab-made disposable screen-printed electrochemical sensors and immunosensors modified with Pd nanoparticles for Parkinson's disease diagnostics. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:76. [PMID: 38172448 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
A new conductive ink based on the addition of carbon black to a poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix is developed and investigated for electrochemical sensing and biosensing applications. The produced devices were characterized using morphological and electrochemical techniques and modified with Pd nanoparticles to enhance electrical conductivity and reaction kinetics. With the aid of chemometrics, the parameters for metal deposition were investigated and the sensor was applied to the determination of Parkinson's disease biomarkers, specifically epinephrine and α-synuclein. A linear behavior was obtained in the range 0.75 to 100 μmol L-1 of the neurotransmitter, and the device displayed a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.051 μmol L-1. The three-electrode system was then tested using samples of synthetic cerebrospinal fluid. Afterward, the device was modified with specific antibodies to quantify α-synuclein using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In phosphate buffer, a linear range was obtained for α-synuclein concentrations from 1.5 to 15 μg mL-1, with a calculated LOD of 0.13 μg mL-1. The proposed immunosensor was also applied to blood serum samples, and, in this case, the linear range was observed from 6.0 to 100.5 μg mL-1 of α-synuclein, with a LOD = 1.3 µg mL-1. Both linear curves attend the range for the real diagnosis, demonstrating its potential application to complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Otávio Orzari
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, SP, 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Guterres E Silva
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, SP, 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Cristina de Freitas
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, SP, 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Laís Canniatti Brazaca
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Bruno Campos Janegitz
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil.
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Suman G, Pulikkathara M, Wilkins R, Treadwell LJ. Ionizing Radiation Sensing with Functionalized and Copper-Coated SWCNT/PMMA Thin Film Nanocomposites. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2653. [PMID: 37836294 PMCID: PMC10574655 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper studies the ionizing radiation effects on functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thin-film nanocomposites [SWNT/PMMA]. The functionalized thin-film devices are made of ferrocene-doped SWCNTs, SWCNTs functionalized with carboxylic acid (COOH), and SWCNTs coated/ modified with copper. The nanocomposite was synthesized by the solution blending method and the resulting nanocomposite was spin-cast on interdigitated electrodes (IDEs). A 160 kV X-ray source was used to irradiate the thin film and changes in the electrical resistance of the nanocomposites due to X-rays were measured using a semiconductor device analyzer. Carboxylic acid functionalized and copper-coated SWCNT/PMMA nanocomposite showed a reduced response to X-rays compared to unfunctionalized SWCNT/PMMA nanocomposite. Ferrocene-doped SWCNT showed a higher sensitivity to X-rays at lower dose rates. This is in contrast to a previous study that showed that similar nanocomposites using functionalized multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) had demonstrated an improved response to X-rays ionizing radiation compared to unfunctionalized MWCNTs for all dose rates. Electrical measurements were also performed using the Arduino Nano microcontroller. The result showed that a relatively economical, lightweight-designed prototype radiation sensor based on SWCNT/PMMA thin-film devices could be produced by interfacing the devices with a modest microcontroller. This work also shows that by encapsulating the SWCNT/PMMA thin-film device in a plastic container, the effect of ambient humidity can be reduced and the device can still be used to detect X-ray radiation. This study further shows that the sensitivity of SWCNT to X-rays was dependent on both the functionalization of the SWCNT and the dose rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guddi Suman
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA;
| | - Merlyn Pulikkathara
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA;
| | - Richard Wilkins
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA;
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Malik S, Singh J, Goyat R, Saharan Y, Chaudhry V, Umar A, Ibrahim AA, Akbar S, Ameen S, Baskoutas S. Nanomaterials-based biosensor and their applications: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19929. [PMID: 37809900 PMCID: PMC10559358 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A sensor can be called ideal or perfect if it is enriched with certain characteristics viz., superior detections range, high sensitivity, selectivity, resolution, reproducibility, repeatability, and response time with good flow. Recently, biosensors made of nanoparticles (NPs) have gained very high popularity due to their excellent applications in nearly all the fields of science and technology. The use of NPs in the biosensor is usually done to fill the gap between the converter and the bioreceptor, which is at the nanoscale. Simultaneously the uses of NPs and electrochemical techniques have led to the emergence of biosensors with high sensitivity and decomposition power. This review summarizes the development of biosensors made of NPssuch as noble metal NPs and metal oxide NPs, nanowires (NWs), nanorods (NRs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), quantum dots (QDs), and dendrimers and their recent advancement in biosensing technology with the expansion of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133203, Haryana, India
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133203, Haryana, India
| | - Rohit Goyat
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133203, Haryana, India
| | - Yajvinder Saharan
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133203, Haryana, India
| | - Vivek Chaudhry
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133203, Haryana, India
| | - Ahmad Umar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED)Najran University, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ahmed A. Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED)Najran University, Najran, 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh Akbar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sadia Ameen
- Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory, Department of Bio-Convergence Science, Advanced Science Campus, Jeonbuk National University, 56212, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sotirios Baskoutas
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
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Gatou MA, Vagena IA, Pippa N, Gazouli M, Pavlatou EA, Lagopati N. The Use of Crystalline Carbon-Based Nanomaterials (CBNs) in Various Biomedical Applications. CRYSTALS 2023; 13:1236. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst13081236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
This review study aims to present, in a condensed manner, the significance of the use of crystalline carbon-based nanomaterials in biomedical applications. Crystalline carbon-based nanomaterials, encompassing graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, and graphene quantum dots, have emerged as promising materials for the development of medical devices in various biomedical applications. These materials possess inorganic semiconducting attributes combined with organic π-π stacking features, allowing them to efficiently interact with biomolecules and present enhanced light responses. By harnessing these unique properties, carbon-based nanomaterials offer promising opportunities for future advancements in biomedicine. Recent studies have focused on the development of these nanomaterials for targeted drug delivery, cancer treatment, and biosensors. The conjugation and modification of carbon-based nanomaterials have led to significant advancements in a plethora of therapies and have addressed limitations in preclinical biomedical applications. Furthermore, the wide-ranging therapeutic advantages of carbon nanotubes have been thoroughly examined in the context of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Anna Gatou
- Laboratory of General Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna-Aglaia Vagena
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patra, Greece
| | - Evangelia A. Pavlatou
- Laboratory of General Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Khizar S, Elaissari A, Al-Dossary AA, Zine N, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Errachid A. Advancement in Nanoparticle-Based Biosensors for Point-of-Care In Vitro Diagnostics. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:807-833. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220401160121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Recently, there has been great progress in the field of extremely sensitive and precise detection of bioanalytes. The importance of the utilization of nanoparticles in biosensors has been recognized due to their unique properties. Specifically, nanoparticles of gold, silver, and magnetic plus graphene, quantum dots, and nanotubes of carbon are being keenly considered for utilizations within biosensors to detect nucleic acids, glucose, or pathogens (bacteria as well as a virus). Taking advantage of nanoparticles, faster and sensitive biosensors can be developed. Here we review the nanoparticles' contribution to the biosensors field and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumera Khizar
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Amal Ali Al-Dossary
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia Zine
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | | | - Abdelhamid Errachid
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, F-69622 Lyon, France
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Dai B, Zhou R, Ping J, Ying Y, Xie L. Recent advances in carbon nanotube-based biosensors for biomolecular detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Er S, Laraib U, Arshad R, Sargazi S, Rahdar A, Pandey S, Thakur VK, Díez-Pascual AM. Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins: Implications for Nanotechnological Applications in Biosensing and Drug/Gene Delivery. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3002. [PMID: 34835766 PMCID: PMC8622868 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over various scientific fields in biochemistry, amino acids have been highlighted in research works. Protein, peptide- and amino acid-based drug delivery systems have proficiently transformed nanotechnology via immense flexibility in their features for attaching various drug molecules and biodegradable polymers. In this regard, novel nanostructures including carbon nanotubes, electrospun carbon nanofibers, gold nanoislands, and metal-based nanoparticles have been introduced as nanosensors for accurate detection of these organic compounds. These nanostructures can bind the biological receptor to the sensor surface and increase the surface area of the working electrode, significantly enhancing the biosensor performance. Interestingly, protein-based nanocarriers have also emerged as useful drug and gene delivery platforms. This is important since, despite recent advancements, there are still biological barriers and other obstacles limiting gene and drug delivery efficacy. Currently available strategies for gene therapy are not cost-effective, and they do not deliver the genetic cargo effectively to target sites. With rapid advancements in nanotechnology, novel gene delivery systems are introduced as nonviral vectors such as protein, peptide, and amino acid-based nanostructures. These nano-based delivery platforms can be tailored into functional transformation using proteins and peptides ligands based nanocarriers, usually overexpressed in the specified diseases. The purpose of this review is to shed light on traditional and nanotechnology-based methods to detect amino acids, peptides, and proteins. Furthermore, new insights into the potential of amino protein-based nanoassemblies for targeted drug delivery or gene transfer are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simge Er
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova-Izmir 35100, Turkey;
| | - Ushna Laraib
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan;
| | - Rabia Arshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743463, Iran;
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 538-98615, Iran
| | - Sadanand Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea;
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK;
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ana M. Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Naresh V, Lee N. A Review on Biosensors and Recent Development of Nanostructured Materials-Enabled Biosensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:1109. [PMID: 33562639 PMCID: PMC7915135 DOI: 10.3390/s21041109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 121.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A biosensor is an integrated receptor-transducer device, which can convert a biological response into an electrical signal. The design and development of biosensors have taken a center stage for researchers or scientists in the recent decade owing to the wide range of biosensor applications, such as health care and disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring, water and food quality monitoring, and drug delivery. The main challenges involved in the biosensor progress are (i) the efficient capturing of biorecognition signals and the transformation of these signals into electrochemical, electrical, optical, gravimetric, or acoustic signals (transduction process), (ii) enhancing transducer performance i.e., increasing sensitivity, shorter response time, reproducibility, and low detection limits even to detect individual molecules, and (iii) miniaturization of the biosensing devices using micro-and nano-fabrication technologies. Those challenges can be met through the integration of sensing technology with nanomaterials, which range from zero- to three-dimensional, possessing a high surface-to-volume ratio, good conductivities, shock-bearing abilities, and color tunability. Nanomaterials (NMs) employed in the fabrication and nanobiosensors include nanoparticles (NPs) (high stability and high carrier capacity), nanowires (NWs) and nanorods (NRs) (capable of high detection sensitivity), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (large surface area, high electrical and thermal conductivity), and quantum dots (QDs) (color tunability). Furthermore, these nanomaterials can themselves act as transduction elements. This review summarizes the evolution of biosensors, the types of biosensors based on their receptors, transducers, and modern approaches employed in biosensors using nanomaterials such as NPs (e.g., noble metal NPs and metal oxide NPs), NWs, NRs, CNTs, QDs, and dendrimers and their recent advancement in biosensing technology with the expansion of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varnakavi. Naresh
- School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
| | - Nohyun Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
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Mandal D, Biswas S, Chowdhury A, De D, Tiwary CS, Gupta AN, Singh T, Chandra A. Hierarchical cage-frame type nanostructure of CeO 2 for bio sensing applications: from glucose to protein detection. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:025504. [PMID: 32932238 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abb8a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled hierarchical nanostructures are slowly superseding their conventional counterparts for use in biosensors. These morphologies show high surface area with tunable porosity and packing density. Modulating the interfacial interactions and subsequent particle assembly occurring at the water-and-oil interface in inverse miniemulsions, are amongst the best strategies to stabilize various type of hollow nanostructures. The paper presents a successful protocol to obtain CeO2 hollow structures based biosensors that are useful for glucose to protein sensing. The fabricated glucose sensor is able to deliver high sensitivity (0.495 μA cm-2 nM-1), low detection limit (6.46 nM) and wide linear range (0 nM to 600 nM). CeO2 based bioelectrode can also be considered as a suitable candidate for protein sensors. It can detect protein concentrations varying from 0 to 30 µM, which is similar or higher than most reports in the literature. The limit of detection (LOD) for protein was ∼0.04 µM. Therefore, the hollow CeO2 electrodes, with excellent reproducibility, stability and repeatability, open a new area of application for cage-frame type particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Mandal
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sudipta Biswas
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Ananya Chowdhury
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Debajyoti De
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Chandra Sekar Tiwary
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Amar Nath Gupta
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Trilok Singh
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Amreesh Chandra
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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Kintzios S. Bioelectric Sensors: On the Road for the 4.0 Diagnostics and Biomedtech Revolution. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10080096. [PMID: 32796701 PMCID: PMC7460287 DOI: 10.3390/bios10080096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Kintzios
- Laboratory of Cell Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens/EU-CONEXUS European University, 11855 Athens, Greece
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Otero F, Magner E. Biosensors-Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Electrode Materials. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E3561. [PMID: 32586032 PMCID: PMC7349852 DOI: 10.3390/s20123561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensors benefit from the simplicity, sensitivity, and rapid response of electroanalytical devices coupled with the selectivity of biorecognition molecules. The implementation of electrochemical biosensors in a clinical analysis can provide a sensitive and rapid response for the analysis of biomarkers, with the most successful being glucose sensors for diabetes patients. This review summarizes recent work on the use of structured materials such as nanoporous metals, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and ordered mesoporous carbon for biosensing applications. We also describe the use of additive manufacturing (AM) and review recent progress and challenges for the use of AM in biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edmond Magner
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
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