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Li J, Zhou M, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang L, Shan H, Zhang J, Zhang H. Sleep-aiding music therapy for insomnia: Exploring EEG functional connectivity of sleep-related attentional bias. Sleep Med 2024; 122:149-162. [PMID: 39173211 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep-aiding music and sleep-related attentional bias based on electroencephalography (EEG) functional connectivity (FC) in patients with insomnia disorder (ID), to evaluate the effectiveness of music in aiding sleep. METHOD This study included 30 participants, comprising 15 patients with ID and 15 healthy controls (HCs). Six types of music were selected for sleep aid, and a dot-probe task based on sleep-related attentional bias was utilized to collect behavioral and EEG data. Vigilance bias and disengagement bias were measured using reaction time and EEG FC. Differences in sleep-related attentional bias before and after the intervention of music were explored to evaluate the sleep-aiding effects and identify EEG biomarkers. RESULTS Compared with HCs, patients with ID showed decreased sleep-related attentional bias of EEG FC between occipital-central and temporal-frontal lobes. Among the six types of music, International Standard Sleep Aid and Lullaby had a greater impact on decreasing vigilance bias in the ID group. Additionally, the International Standard Sleep Aid and Nature Sound were more effective in decreasing disengagement bias in the ID group. This study also examined the resting-state EEG FC of patients with ID before and after the intervention of music. The results showed that the FC in the temporal, frontal, and occipital lobes significantly differed before and after the intervention of music, especially with the use of International Standard Sleep Aid, Lullaby, and Alpha Sound Wave. However, it is worth noting that these three types of music showed no similarities in EEG FC, in contrast to the result of sleep-related attentional bias of EEG FC. CONCLUSION This study found that the sleep-related attentional bias of EEG FC has more distinct characteristics when compared to resting-state EEG FC. The results suggest that the sleep-related attentional bias of EEG FC could be a potential biomarker for assessing the sleep-aiding effect of music interventions. International Standard Sleep Aid was the most effective for patients with ID among six types of sleep-aiding music. These findings could facilitate the development of personalized therapies for patients with ID. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Register, http://www.chictr.org.cn, ID: ChiCTR2400081608.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Meiling Zhou
- School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiabo Zhang
- Faculty of Engineering & Applied Science, University of Regina, Canada
| | - Jiashuo Zhang
- Faculty of Engineering & Applied Science, University of Regina, Canada
| | - Lei Zhang
- Faculty of Engineering & Applied Science, University of Regina, Canada
| | - Huafeng Shan
- Keeson Technology Corporation Limited, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Keeson Technology Corporation Limited, Jiaxing, China
| | - Hanling Zhang
- School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
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2
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Li C, Zhang X, Zhuang X, Zhang K, Huang Q, Ge S, Wu Y, Hu R. The effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions on reducing pain in patients undergoing bone marrow aspiration and biopsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:2829-2848. [PMID: 38549254 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients often consider bone marrow aspiration and biopsy to be one of the most painful medical procedures. The effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions to reduce pain during bone marrow aspiration and biopsy remains unclear. AIM To synthesize existing evidence regarding the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions in mitigating procedural pain among patients undergoing bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. METHODS Six electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched from inception to July 15, 2023. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool Version 2.0. Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 16. The certainty of the evidence was assessed by the GRADE approach. RESULTS This meta-analysis included 18 studies derived from 17 articles involving a total of 1017 participants. The pooled results revealed statistically significant pain reduction effects using distraction (SMD: -.845, 95% CI: -1.344 to -.346, p < .001), powered bone marrow biopsy system (SMD: -.266, 95% CI: -.529 to -.003, p = .048), and acupoint stimulation (SMD: -1.016, 95% CI: -1.995 to -.037, p = .042) among patients undergoing bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. However, the pooled results on hypnosis (SMD: -1.228, 95% CI: -4.091 to 1.515, p = .368) showed no significant impact on pain reduction. Additionally, the pooled results for distraction did not demonstrate a significant effect on operative anxiety (MD: -2.942, 95% CI: -7.650 to 1.767, p = .221). CONCLUSIONS Distraction, powered bone marrow biopsy system and acupoint stimulation are effective in reducing pain among patients undergoing bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Not applicable. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This meta-analysis highlights the effectiveness of distraction, powered bone marrow biopsy system and acupoint stimulation for reducing pain in patients undergoing bone marrow biopsy. Healthcare professionals should consider integrating these interventions into pain management practices for these patients. REGISTRATION (PROSPERO): CRD42023422854.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyang Li
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xueting Zhuang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiyuan Huang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Song Ge
- Department of Natural Sciences/Nursing, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yong Wu
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rong Hu
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Mori K, Zatorre R. State-dependent connectivity in auditory-reward networks predicts peak pleasure experiences to music. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002732. [PMID: 39133721 PMCID: PMC11318860 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Music can evoke pleasurable and rewarding experiences. Past studies that examined task-related brain activity revealed individual differences in musical reward sensitivity traits and linked them to interactions between the auditory and reward systems. However, state-dependent fluctuations in spontaneous neural activity in relation to music-driven rewarding experiences have not been studied. Here, we used functional MRI to examine whether the coupling of auditory-reward networks during a silent period immediately before music listening can predict the degree of musical rewarding experience of human participants (N = 49). We used machine learning models and showed that the functional connectivity between auditory and reward networks, but not others, could robustly predict subjective, physiological, and neurobiological aspects of the strong musical reward of chills. Specifically, the right auditory cortex-striatum/orbitofrontal connections predicted the reported duration of chills and the activation level of nucleus accumbens and insula, whereas the auditory-amygdala connection was associated with psychophysiological arousal. Furthermore, the predictive model derived from the first sample of individuals was generalized in an independent dataset using different music samples. The generalization was successful only for state-like, pre-listening functional connectivity but not for stable, intrinsic functional connectivity. The current study reveals the critical role of sensory-reward connectivity in pre-task brain state in modulating subsequent rewarding experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Mori
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Osaka, Japan
| | - Robert Zatorre
- Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research, Montréal, Canada
- Centre for Research in Brain, Language and Music, Montréal, Canada
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4
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Sun L, Wang Q, Ai J. The underlying roles and neurobiological mechanisms of music-based intervention in Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102265. [PMID: 38479478 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Non-pharmacological therapy has gained popularity in the intervention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its apparent therapeutic effectiveness and the limitation of biological drug. A wealth of research indicates that music interventions can enhance cognition, mood and behavior in individuals with AD. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms behind these improvements have yet to be fully and systematically delineated. This review aims to holistically review how music-based intervention (MBI) ameliorates abnormal emotion, cognition decline, and behavioral changes in AD patients. We cover several key dimensions: the regulation of MBIs on cerebral blood flow (CBF), their impact on neurotransmission (including GABAergic and monoaminergic transmissions), modulation of synaptic plasticity, and hormonal release. Additionally, we summarize the clinical applications and limitations of active music-based intervention (AMBI), passive music-based intervention (PMBI), and hybrid music-based intervention (HMBI). This thorough analysis enhances our understanding of the role of MBI in AD and supports the development of non-pharmacological therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China; Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150040, China; Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Jing Ai
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China; National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China.
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5
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Tiihonen M, Haumann NT, Shtyrov Y, Vuust P, Jacobsen T, Brattico E. The impact of crossmodal predictions on the neural processing of aesthetic stimuli. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20220418. [PMID: 38104610 PMCID: PMC10725772 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroaesthetic research has focused on neural predictive processes involved in the encounter with art stimuli or the related evaluative judgements, and it has been mainly conducted unimodally. Here, with electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography and an affective priming protocol, we investigated whether and how the neural responses to non-representational aesthetic stimuli are top-down modulated by affective representational (i.e. semantically meaningful) predictions between audition and vision. Also, the neural chronometry of affect processing of these aesthetic stimuli was investigated. We hypothesized that the early affective components of crossmodal aesthetic responses are dependent on the affective and representational predictions formed in another sensory modality resulting in differentiated brain responses, and that audition and vision indicate different processing latencies for affect. The target stimuli were aesthetic visual patterns and musical chords, and they were preceded by a prime from the opposing sensory modality. We found that early auditory-cortex responses to chords were more affected by valence than the corresponding visual-cortex ones. Furthermore, the assessments of visual targets were more facilitated by affective congruency of crossmodal primes than the acoustic targets. These results indicate, first, that the brain uses early affective information for predictively guiding aesthetic responses; second, that an affective transfer of information takes place crossmodally, mainly from audition to vision, impacting the aesthetic assessment. This article is part of the theme issue 'Art, aesthetics and predictive processing: theoretical and empirical perspectives'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Tiihonen
- Center for Music in the Brain (MIB), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Aarhus, Midtjylland, 8200, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medial Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen, 40225, Germany
| | - Niels Trusbak Haumann
- Center for Music in the Brain (MIB), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Aarhus, Midtjylland, 8200, Denmark
| | - Yury Shtyrov
- Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Midtjylland, 8200, Denmark
| | - Peter Vuust
- Center for Music in the Brain (MIB), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Aarhus, Midtjylland, 8200, Denmark
| | - Thomas Jacobsen
- Helmut Schmidt University / University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Hamburg, 22043, Germany
| | - Elvira Brattico
- Center for Music in the Brain (MIB), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Aarhus, Midtjylland, 8200, Denmark
- Department of Educational Sciences, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Puglia, 70121, Italy
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6
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Wall MB, Lam C, Ertl N, Kaelen M, Roseman L, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL. Increased low-frequency brain responses to music after psilocybin therapy for depression. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:321-330. [PMID: 37094657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy with psilocybin is an emerging therapy with great promise for depression, and modern psychedelic therapy (PT) methods incorporate music as a key element. Music is an effective emotional/hedonic stimulus that could also be useful in assessing changes in emotional responsiveness following PT. METHODS Brain responses to music were assessed before and after PT using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and ALFF (Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuations) analysis methods. Nineteen patients with treatment-resistant depression underwent two treatment sessions involving administration of psilocybin, with MRI data acquired one week prior and the day after completion of psilocybin dosing sessions. RESULTS Comparison of music-listening and resting-state scans revealed significantly greater ALFF in bilateral superior temporal cortex for the post-treatment music scan, and in the right ventral occipital lobe for the post-treatment resting-state scan. ROI analyses of these clusters revealed a significant effect of treatment in the superior temporal lobe for the music scan only. Voxelwise comparison of treatment effects showed relative increases for the music scan in the bilateral superior temporal lobes and supramarginal gyrus, and relative decreases in the medial frontal lobes for the resting-state scan. ALFF in these music-related clusters was significantly correlated with intensity of subjective effects felt during the dosing sessions. LIMITATIONS Open-label trial. Relatively small sample size. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest an effect of PT on the brain's response to music, implying an elevated responsiveness to music after psilocybin therapy that was related to subjective drug effects felt during dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Wall
- Invicro London, Hammersmith Hospital, UK; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK; Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, UK.
| | - Cynthia Lam
- Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Natalie Ertl
- Invicro London, Hammersmith Hospital, UK; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Mendel Kaelen
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Leor Roseman
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK
| | - David J Nutt
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Robin L Carhart-Harris
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK; Psychedelics Division - Neuroscape, University of California San Francisco, USA
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7
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Foster Vander Elst O, Foster NHD, Vuust P, Keller PE, Kringelbach ML. The Neuroscience of Dance: A Conceptual Framework and Systematic Review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 150:105197. [PMID: 37100162 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Ancient and culturally universal, dance pervades many areas of life and has multiple benefits. In this article, we provide a conceptual framework and systematic review, as a guide for researching the neuroscience of dance. We identified relevant articles following PRISMA guidelines, and summarised and evaluated all original results. We identified avenues for future research in: the interactive and collective aspects of dance; groove; dance performance; dance observation; and dance therapy. Furthermore, the interactive and collective aspects of dance constitute a vital part of the field but have received almost no attention from a neuroscientific perspective so far. Dance and music engage overlapping brain networks, including common regions involved in perception, action, and emotion. In music and dance, rhythm, melody, and harmony are processed in an active, sustained pleasure cycle giving rise to action, emotion, and learning, led by activity in specific hedonic brain networks. The neuroscience of dance is an exciting field, which may yield information concerning links between psychological processes and behaviour, human flourishing, and the concept of eudaimonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Foster Vander Elst
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark; Centre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, Linacre College, University of Oxford, UK.
| | | | - Peter Vuust
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Peter E Keller
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark; The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Australia
| | - Morten L Kringelbach
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark; Centre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, Linacre College, University of Oxford, UK; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
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8
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Benítez-Burraco A, Nikolsky A. The (Co)Evolution of Language and Music Under Human Self-Domestication. HUMAN NATURE (HAWTHORNE, N.Y.) 2023; 34:229-275. [PMID: 37097428 PMCID: PMC10354115 DOI: 10.1007/s12110-023-09447-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Together with language, music is perhaps the most distinctive behavioral trait of the human species. Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain why only humans perform music and how this ability might have evolved in our species. In this paper, we advance a new model of music evolution that builds on the self-domestication view of human evolution, according to which the human phenotype is, at least in part, the outcome of a process similar to domestication in other mammals, triggered by the reduction in reactive aggression responses to environmental changes. We specifically argue that self-domestication can account for some of the cognitive changes, and particularly for the behaviors conducive to the complexification of music through a cultural mechanism. We hypothesize four stages in the evolution of music under self-domestication forces: (1) collective protomusic; (2) private, timbre-oriented music; (3) small-group, pitch-oriented music; and (4) collective, tonally organized music. This line of development encompasses the worldwide diversity of music types and genres and parallels what has been hypothesized for languages. Overall, music diversity might have emerged in a gradual fashion under the effects of the enhanced cultural niche construction as shaped by the progressive decrease in reactive (i.e., impulsive, triggered by fear or anger) aggression and the increase in proactive (i.e., premeditated, goal-directed) aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Benítez-Burraco
- Department of Spanish Language, Linguistics and Literary Theory (Linguistics), Faculty of Philology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
- Departamento de Lengua Española, Facultad de Filología, Área de Lingüística General, Lingüística y Teoría de la Literatura, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Palos de la Frontera s/n, Sevilla, 41007, España.
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9
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Merseal HM, Beaty RE, Kenett YN, Lloyd-Cox J, de Manzano Ö, Norgaard M. Representing melodic relationships using network science. Cognition 2023; 233:105362. [PMID: 36628852 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Music is a complex system consisting of many dimensions and hierarchically organized information-the organization of which, to date, we do not fully understand. Network science provides a powerful approach to representing such complex systems, from the social networks of people to modelling the underlying network structures of different cognitive mechanisms. In the present research, we explored whether network science methodology can be extended to model the melodic patterns underlying expert improvised music. Using a large corpus of transcribed improvisations, we constructed a network model in which 5-pitch sequences were linked depending on consecutive occurrences, constituting 116,403 nodes (sequences) and 157,429 edges connecting them. We then investigated whether mathematical graph modelling relates to musical characteristics in real-world listening situations via a behavioral experiment paralleling those used to examine language. We found that as melodic distance within the network increased, participants judged melodic sequences as less related. Moreover, the relationship between distance and reaction time (RT) judgements was quadratic: participants slowed in RT up to distance four, then accelerated; a parallel finding to research in language networks. This study offers insights into the hidden network structure of improvised tonal music and suggests that humans are sensitive to the property of melodic distance in this network. More generally, our work demonstrates the similarity between music and language as complex systems, and how network science methods can be used to quantify different aspects of its complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Merseal
- Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, United States.
| | - Roger E Beaty
- Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, United States
| | - Yoed N Kenett
- Faculty of Data and Decisions Sciences, Technion Institute of Technology, Israel
| | - James Lloyd-Cox
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Goldsmiths, University of London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Örjan de Manzano
- Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Germany
| | - Martin Norgaard
- Department of Music Education, Georgia State University, United States
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10
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Schneider P, Groß C, Bernhofs V, Christiner M, Benner J, Turker S, Zeidler BM, Seither‐Preisler A. Short-term plasticity of neuro-auditory processing induced by musical active listening training. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1517:176-190. [PMID: 36114664 PMCID: PMC9826140 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Although there is strong evidence for the positive effects of musical training on auditory perception, processing, and training-induced neuroplasticity, there is still little knowledge on the auditory and neurophysiological short-term plasticity through listening training. In a sample of 37 adolescents (20 musicians and 17 nonmusicians) that was compared to a control group matched for age, gender, and musical experience, we conducted a 2-week active listening training (AULOS: Active IndividUalized Listening OptimizationS). Using magnetoencephalography and psychoacoustic tests, the short-term plasticity of auditory evoked fields and auditory skills were examined in a pre-post design, adapted to the individual neuro-auditory profiles. We found bilateral, but more pronounced plastic changes in the right auditory cortex. Moreover, we observed synchronization of the auditory evoked P1, N1, and P2 responses and threefold larger amplitudes of the late P2 response, similar to the reported effects of musical long-term training. Auditory skills and thresholds benefited largely from the AULOS training. Remarkably, after training, the mean thresholds improved by 12 dB for bone conduction and by 3-4 dB for air conduction. Thus, our findings indicate a strong positive influence of active listening training on neural auditory processing and perception in adolescence, when the auditory system is still developing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schneider
- Division of NeuroradiologyUniversity of Heidelberg Medical SchoolHeidelbergGermany,Department of Neurology, Section of BiomagnetismUniversity of Heidelberg Medical SchoolHeidelbergGermany,Jazeps Vitols Latvian Academy of MusicRigaLatvia,Centre for Systematic MusicologyUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Christine Groß
- Division of NeuroradiologyUniversity of Heidelberg Medical SchoolHeidelbergGermany,Jazeps Vitols Latvian Academy of MusicRigaLatvia
| | | | - Markus Christiner
- Jazeps Vitols Latvian Academy of MusicRigaLatvia,Centre for Systematic MusicologyUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Jan Benner
- Division of NeuroradiologyUniversity of Heidelberg Medical SchoolHeidelbergGermany,Department of Neurology, Section of BiomagnetismUniversity of Heidelberg Medical SchoolHeidelbergGermany
| | - Sabrina Turker
- Lise Meitner Research Group “Cognition and Plasticity”Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
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Fasano MC, Cabral J, Stevner A, Vuust P, Cantou P, Brattico E, Kringelbach ML. The early adolescent brain on music: Analysis of functional dynamics reveals engagement of orbitofrontal cortex reward system. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:429-446. [PMID: 36069619 PMCID: PMC9842905 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Music listening plays a pivotal role for children and adolescents, yet it remains unclear how music modulates brain activity at the level of functional networks in this young population. Analysing the dynamics of brain networks occurring and dissolving over time in response to music can provide a better understanding of the neural underpinning of music listening. We collected functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 17 preadolescents aged 10-11 years while listening to two similar music pieces separated by periods without music. We subsequently tracked the occurrence of functional brain networks over the recording time using a recent method that detects recurrent patterns of phase-locking in the fMRI signals: the leading eigenvector dynamics analysis (LEiDA). The probabilities of occurrence and switching profiles of different functional networks were compared between periods of music and no music. Our results showed significantly increased occurrence of a specific functional network during the two music pieces compared to no music, involving the medial orbitofrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortices-a brain subsystem associated to reward processing. Moreover, the higher the musical reward sensitivity of the preadolescents, the more this network was preceded by a pattern involving the insula. Our findings highlight the involvement of a brain subsystem associated with hedonic and emotional processing during music listening in the early adolescent brain. These results offer novel insight into the neural underpinnings of musical reward in early adolescence, improving our understanding of the important role and the potential benefits of music at this delicate age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Celeste Fasano
- Department of Psychology and Behavioural SciencesAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark,Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/AalborgAarhusDenmark,Centre for Eudaimonia and Human FlourishingLinacre College, University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Joana Cabral
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/AalborgAarhusDenmark,Centre for Eudaimonia and Human FlourishingLinacre College, University of OxfordOxfordUK,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal
| | - Angus Stevner
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/AalborgAarhusDenmark
| | - Peter Vuust
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/AalborgAarhusDenmark
| | - Pauline Cantou
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/AalborgAarhusDenmark
| | - Elvira Brattico
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/AalborgAarhusDenmark,Department of PsychologyEducational Sciences, Communication, University of BariBariItaly
| | - Morten L. Kringelbach
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus University & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/AalborgAarhusDenmark,Centre for Eudaimonia and Human FlourishingLinacre College, University of OxfordOxfordUK,Department of PsychiatryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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12
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Yu AL, Lo SF, Chen PY, Lu SF. Effects of Group Music Intervention on Depression for Elderly People in Nursing Homes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159291. [PMID: 35954677 PMCID: PMC9368414 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Depression is the most common mental problem among the elderly, especially in long-term care facilities. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of group music intervention on depression for elderly people in nursing homes. Methods: A randomized control trial consisting of sixty-three elderly participants randomly and blindly assigned to a music group or control group was utilized. The music group received 20 sessions of group music intervention (two 30-min sessions per week for 10 weeks), and the control group received usual care with no music intervention. The Geriatric Depression Scale—Short Form (GDS-SF) and salivary cortisol at baseline, 5 weeks, and 10 weeks were collected for analysis. Results of the GEEs (generalized estimating equations) analysis indicated that after 20 sessions for 10 weeks of group music intervention, the groups showed a statistically significant difference in depression at 5 weeks and 10 weeks. There was no significant difference in the salivary cortisol concentration between the two groups. The results show that the group music intervention may effectively reduce the depression scores for elderly people in nursing homes. Conclusion: The group music intervention has positive effects on depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ling Yu
- Department of Nursing, St. Mary’s Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Sanshing Township, Yilan 26647, Taiwan;
| | - Shu-Fen Lo
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97074, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Yu Chen
- Center for Health and Welfare Data Science, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97074, Taiwan;
| | - Shiou-Fang Lu
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97074, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-8565301 (ext. 2224)
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13
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EEG Connectivity during Active Emotional Musical Performance. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22114064. [PMID: 35684685 PMCID: PMC9185252 DOI: 10.3390/s22114064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The neural correlates of intentional emotion transfer by the music performer are not well investigated as the present-day research mainly focuses on the assessment of emotions evoked by music. In this study, we aim to determine whether EEG connectivity patterns can reflect differences in information exchange during emotional playing. The EEG data were recorded while subjects were performing a simple piano score with contrasting emotional intentions and evaluated the subjectively experienced success of emotion transfer. The brain connectivity patterns were assessed from the EEG data using the Granger Causality approach. The effective connectivity was analyzed in different frequency bands—delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma. The features that (1) were able to discriminate between the neutral baseline and the emotional playing and (2) were shared across conditions, were used for further comparison. The low frequency bands—delta, theta, alpha—showed a limited number of connections (4 to 6) contributing to the discrimination between the emotional playing conditions. In contrast, a dense pattern of connections between regions that was able to discriminate between conditions (30 to 38) was observed in beta and gamma frequency ranges. The current study demonstrates that EEG-based connectivity in beta and gamma frequency ranges can effectively reflect the state of the networks involved in the emotional transfer through musical performance, whereas utility of the low frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha) remains questionable.
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14
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Reybrouck M, Eerola T. Musical Enjoyment and Reward: From Hedonic Pleasure to Eudaimonic Listening. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12050154. [PMID: 35621451 PMCID: PMC9137732 DOI: 10.3390/bs12050154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This article is a hypothesis and theory paper. It elaborates on the possible relation between music as a stimulus and its possible effects, with a focus on the question of why listeners are experiencing pleasure and reward. Though it is tempting to seek for a causal relationship, this has proven to be elusive given the many intermediary variables that intervene between the actual impingement on the senses and the reactions/responses by the listener. A distinction can be made, however, between three elements: (i) an objective description of the acoustic features of the music and their possible role as elicitors; (ii) a description of the possible modulating factors—both external/exogenous and internal/endogenous ones; and (iii) a continuous and real-time description of the responses by the listener, both in terms of their psychological reactions and their physiological correlates. Music listening, in this broadened view, can be considered as a multivariate phenomenon of biological, psychological, and cultural factors that, together, shape the overall, full-fledged experience. In addition to an overview of the current and extant research on musical enjoyment and reward, we draw attention to some key methodological problems that still complicate a full description of the musical experience. We further elaborate on how listening may entail both adaptive and maladaptive ways of coping with the sounds, with the former allowing a gentle transition from mere hedonic pleasure to eudaimonic enjoyment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Reybrouck
- Musicology Research Group, Faculty of Arts, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Art History, Musicology and Theatre Studies, Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM), 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Tuomas Eerola
- Department of Music, Durham University, Durham DH1 3RL, UK;
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15
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Elpidoforou M, Bakalidou D, Drakopoulou M, Kavga A, Chrysovitsanou C, Stefanis L. Effects of a structured dance program in Parkinson's disease. A Greek pilot study. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2021; 46:101528. [PMID: 34974325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dance for Parkinson's Disease® (DfPD®) is a structured dance program that has never been evaluated in Greek PD population. This study assesses for the first time the efficacy, safety and feasibility of DfPD® program in Greek PD patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 16 early-to-mid-stage PD patients (50% men, aged 56 ± 12) underwent a total of 16 60-min classes of adjusted to Greek music and dance culture DfPD®, twice weekly, over 8 weeks. Assessments were performed at baseline and at the end of the study period and included quality of life (PDQ-8), depressive symptoms (BDI-II), fatigue (PFS-16), cognitive functions (MoCA), balance (BBS) and body mass index (BMI). Safety (possible falls, injuries, muscle soreness or excessive fatigue) and feasibility (technical and financial parameters, willingness for participation and continuation, recruitment rates) were also assessed. RESULTS Statistically significant improvements were found in quality of life (29 ± 47%, p = 0,020), depressive symptoms (26 ± 52%, p = 0,046), fatigue (13 ± 20%, p = 0,021), cognitive functions (17 ± 23%, p = 0,010), balance (5 ± 4%, p = 0,003) and BMI (2 ± 2%, p = 0,010). No adverse events, high adherence (93,75%) and low attrition (12,5%) rates were reported. CONCLUSION A twice weekly 60-min DfPD® class for 8 weeks is a safe and feasible non-pharmacological complementary therapeutic intervention for Greek PD patients and may improve their quality of life, depressive symptoms, fatigue, cognitive functions, balance, and BMI. Further research on this intervention is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail Elpidoforou
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular and Cardiovascular Study of Motion - LANECASM, Department of Physiotherapy, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece.
| | - Daphne Bakalidou
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular and Cardiovascular Study of Motion - LANECASM, Department of Physiotherapy, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece; Department of Physiotherapy, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Drakopoulou
- Department of Nursing, Community Nursing and Public Health Nursing Sector, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Kavga
- Department of Nursing, Community Nursing and Public Health Nursing Sector, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysa Chrysovitsanou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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16
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Reybrouck M, Podlipniak P, Welch D. Music Listening and Homeostatic Regulation: Surviving and Flourishing in a Sonic World. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:278. [PMID: 35010538 PMCID: PMC8751057 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper argues for a biological conception of music listening as an evolutionary achievement that is related to a long history of cognitive and affective-emotional functions, which are grounded in basic homeostatic regulation. Starting from the three levels of description, the acoustic description of sounds, the neurological level of processing, and the psychological correlates of neural stimulation, it conceives of listeners as open systems that are in continuous interaction with the sonic world. By monitoring and altering their current state, they can try to stay within the limits of operating set points in the pursuit of a controlled state of dynamic equilibrium, which is fueled by interoceptive and exteroceptive sources of information. Listening, in this homeostatic view, can be adaptive and goal-directed with the aim of maintaining the internal physiology and directing behavior towards conditions that make it possible to thrive by seeking out stimuli that are valued as beneficial and worthy, or by attempting to avoid those that are annoying and harmful. This calls forth the mechanisms of pleasure and reward, the distinction between pleasure and enjoyment, the twin notions of valence and arousal, the affect-related consequences of music listening, the role of affective regulation and visceral reactions to the sounds, and the distinction between adaptive and maladaptive listening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Reybrouck
- Faculty of Arts, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Art History, Musicology and Theater Studies, IPEM Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Piotr Podlipniak
- Institute of Musicology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-712 Poznan, Poland;
| | - David Welch
- Institute Audiology Section, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 2011, New Zealand;
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17
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Mindfulness Meditation Improves Musical Aesthetic Emotion Processing in Young Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413045. [PMID: 34948651 PMCID: PMC8701887 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the behavioral and neural correlates of mindfulness meditation improvement in musical aesthetic emotion processing (MAEP) in young adults, using the revised across-modal priming paradigm. Sixty-two participants were selected from 652 college students who assessed their mindfulness traits using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). According to the 27% ratio of the high and low total scores, participants were divided into two subgroups: high trait group (n = 31) and low trait group (n = 31). Participants underwent facial recognition and emotional arousal tasks while listening to music, and simultaneously recorded event-related potentials (ERPs). The N400, P3, and late positive component (LPC) were investigated. The behavioral results showed that mindfulness meditation improved executive control abilities in emotional face processing and effectively regulated the emotional arousal of repeated listening to familiar music among young adults. These improvements were associated with positive changes in key neural signatures of facial recognition (smaller P3 and larger LPC effects) and emotional arousal (smaller N400 and larger LPC effects). Our results show that P3, N400, and LPC are important neural markers for the improvement of executive control and regulating emotional arousal in musical aesthetic emotion processing, providing new evidence for exploring attention training and emotional processing. We revised the affecting priming paradigm and E-prime 3.0 procedure to fulfill the simultaneous measurement of music listening and experimental tasks and provide a new experimental paradigm to simultaneously detect the behavioral and neural correlates of mindfulness-based musical aesthetic processing.
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18
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Reybrouck M, Vuust P, Brattico E. Neural Correlates of Music Listening: Does the Music Matter? Brain Sci 2021; 11:1553. [PMID: 34942855 PMCID: PMC8699514 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11121553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decades have seen a proliferation of music and brain studies, with a major focus on plastic changes as the outcome of continuous and prolonged engagement with music. Thanks to the advent of neuroaesthetics, research on music cognition has broadened its scope by considering the multifarious phenomenon of listening in all its forms, including incidental listening up to the skillful attentive listening of experts, and all its possible effects. These latter range from objective and sensorial effects directly linked to the acoustic features of the music to the subjectively affective and even transformational effects for the listener. Of special importance is the finding that neural activity in the reward circuit of the brain is a key component of a conscious listening experience. We propose that the connection between music and the reward system makes music listening a gate towards not only hedonia but also eudaimonia, namely a life well lived, full of meaning that aims at realizing one's own "daimon" or true nature. It is argued, further, that music listening, even when conceptualized in this aesthetic and eudaimonic framework, remains a learnable skill that changes the way brain structures respond to sounds and how they interact with each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Reybrouck
- Faculty of Arts, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Art History, Musicology and Theater Studies, IPEM Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Vuust
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (P.V.); (E.B.)
- The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Elvira Brattico
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (P.V.); (E.B.)
- Department of Education, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70122 Bari, Italy
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19
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Liu X, Liu Y, Shi H, Zheng M. Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Musical Aesthetic Emotion Processing. Front Psychol 2021; 12:648062. [PMID: 34366968 PMCID: PMC8334183 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness meditation is a form of self-regulatory training for the mind and the body. The relationship between mindfulness meditation and musical aesthetic emotion processing (MAEP) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of temporary mindfulness meditation on MAEP while listening to Chinese classical folk instrumental musical works. A 2 [(groups: mindfulness meditation group (MMG); control group (CG)] × 3 (music emotions: calm music, happy music, and sad music) mixed experimental design and a convenience sample of university students were used to verify our hypotheses, which were based on the premise that temporary mindfulness meditation may affect MAEP (MMG vs. CG). Sixty-seven non-musically trained participants (65.7% female, age range: 18–22 years) were randomly assigned to two groups (MMG or CG). Participants in MMG were given a single 10-min recorded mindfulness meditation training before and when listening to music. The instruments for psychological measurement comprised of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Self-report results showed no significant between-group differences for PANAS and for the scores of four subscales of the FFMQ (p > 0.05 throughout), except for the non-judging of inner experience subscale. Results showed that temporary mindfulness meditation training decreased the negative emotional experiences of happy and sad music and the positive emotional experiences of calm music during recognition and experience and promoted beautiful musical experiences in individuals with no musical training. Maintaining a state of mindfulness while listening to music enhanced body awareness and led to experiencing a faster passage of musical time. In addition, it was found that Chinese classical folk instrumental musical works effectively induced aesthetic emotion and produced multidimensional aesthetic experiences among non-musically trained adults. This study provides new insights into the relationship between mindfulness and music emotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Research Institute of Aesthetics Psychology of Chinese Classical Music and Basic Theory of Music Performance, Chongqing Institute of Foreign Studies, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huijuan Shi
- Research Institute of Aesthetics Psychology of Chinese Classical Music and Basic Theory of Music Performance, Chongqing Institute of Foreign Studies, Chongqing, China
| | - Maoping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,School of Music, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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20
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Ferreri L, Mas-Herrero E, Cardona G, Zatorre RJ, Antonijoan RM, Valle M, Riba J, Ripollés P, Rodriguez-Fornells A. Dopamine modulations of reward-driven music memory consolidation. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1502:85-98. [PMID: 34247392 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Music listening provides one of the most significant abstract rewards for humans because hearing music activates the dopaminergic mesolimbic system. Given the strong link between reward, dopamine, and memory, we aimed here to investigate the hypothesis that dopamine-dependent musical reward can drive memory improvements. Twenty-nine healthy participants of both sexes provided reward ratings of unfamiliar musical excerpts that had to be remembered following a consolidation period under three separate conditions: after the ingestion of a dopaminergic antagonist, a dopaminergic precursor, or a placebo. Linear mixed modeling of the intervention data showed that the effect of reward on memory-i.e., the greater the reward experienced while listening to the musical excerpts, the better the memory recollection performance-was modulated by both dopaminergic signaling and individual differences in reward processing. Greater pleasure was consistently associated with better memory outcomes in participants with high sensitivity to musical reward, but this effect was lost when dopaminergic signaling was disrupted in participants with average or low musical hedonia. Our work highlights the flexibility of the human dopaminergic system, which can enhance memory formation not only through explicit and/or primary reinforcers but also via abstract and aesthetic rewards such as music.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ferreri
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université Lumière Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | - Ernest Mas-Herrero
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cognition, Development and Education Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Cardona
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cognition, Development and Education Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert J Zatorre
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rosa M Antonijoan
- Departament de Farmacologia i Terapèutica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Valle
- Departament de Farmacologia i Terapèutica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling and Simulation, Sant Pau Institut of Biomedical Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Riba
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pablo Ripollés
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York.,Music and Auditory Research Lab (MARL), New York University, New York, New York.,Center for Language, Music and Emotion (CLaME), New York University, Max-Planck Institute, New York, New York
| | - Antoni Rodriguez-Fornells
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cognition, Development and Education Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Miles SA, Rosen DS, Barry S, Grunberg D, Grzywacz N. What to Expect When the Unexpected Becomes Expected: Harmonic Surprise and Preference Over Time in Popular Music. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:578644. [PMID: 33994972 PMCID: PMC8121146 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.578644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous work demonstrates that music with more surprising chords tends to be perceived as more enjoyable than music with more conventional harmonic structures. In that work, harmonic surprise was computed based upon a static distribution of chords. This would assume that harmonic surprise is constant over time, and the effect of harmonic surprise on music preference is similarly static. In this study we assess that assumption and establish that the relationship between harmonic surprise (as measured according to a specific time period) and music preference is not constant as time goes on. Analyses of harmonic surprise and preference from 1958 to 1991 showed increased harmonic surprise over time, and that this increase was significantly more pronounced in preferred songs. Separate analyses showed similar increases over the years from 2000 to 2019. As such, these findings provide evidence that the human perception of tonality is influenced by exposure. Baseline harmonic expectations that were developed through listening to the music of “yesterday” are violated in the music of “today,” leading to preference. Then, once the music of “today” provides the baseline expectations for the music of “tomorrow,” more pronounced violations—and with them, higher harmonic surprise values—become associated with preference formation. We call this phenomenon the “Inflationary-Surprise Hypothesis.” Support for this hypothesis could impact the understanding of how the perception of tonality, and other statistical regularities, are developed in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Miles
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States.,Secret Chord Laboratories, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - David S Rosen
- Secret Chord Laboratories, Norfolk, VA, United States.,Music and Entertainment Technology Laboratory, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Shaun Barry
- Secret Chord Laboratories, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | | | - Norberto Grzywacz
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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22
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NeuroDante: Poetry Mentally Engages More Experts but Moves More Non-Experts, and for Both the Cerebral Approach Tendency Goes Hand in Hand with the Cerebral Effort. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11030281. [PMID: 33668815 PMCID: PMC7996310 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11030281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroaesthetics, the science studying the biological underpinnings of aesthetic experience, recently extended its area of investigation to literary art; this was the humus where neurocognitive poetics blossomed. Divina Commedia represents one of the most important, famous and studied poems worldwide. Poetry stimuli are characterized by elements (meter and rhyme) promoting the processing fluency, a core aspect of neuroaesthetics theories. In addition, given the evidence of different neurophysiological reactions between experts and non-experts in response to artistic stimuli, the aim of the present study was to investigate, in poetry, a different neurophysiological cognitive and emotional reaction between Literature (L) and Non-Literature (NL) students. A further aim was to investigate whether neurophysiological underpinnings would support explanation of behavioral data. Investigation methods employed: self-report assessments (recognition, appreciation, content recall) and neurophysiological indexes (approach/withdrawal (AW), cerebral effort (CE) and galvanic skin response (GSR)). The main behavioral results, according to fluency theories in aesthetics, suggested in the NL but not in the L group that the appreciation/liking went hand by hand with the self-declared recognition and with the content recall. The main neurophysiological results were: (i) higher galvanic skin response in NL, whilst higher CE values in L; (ii) a positive correlation between AW and CE indexes in both groups. The present results extended previous evidence relative to figurative art also to auditory poetry stimuli, suggesting an emotional attenuation “expertise-specific” showed by experts, but increased cognitive processing in response to the stimuli.
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23
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Martín-Fernández J, Burunat I, Modroño C, González-Mora JL, Plata-Bello J. Music Style Not Only Modulates the Auditory Cortex, but Also Motor Related Areas. Neuroscience 2021; 457:88-102. [PMID: 33465413 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The neuroscience of music has recently attracted significant attention, but the effect of music style on the activation of auditory-motor regions has not been explored. The aim of the present study is to analyze the differences in brain activity during passive listening to non-vocal excerpts of four different music genres (classical, reggaeton, electronic and folk). A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment was performed. Twenty-eight participants with no musical training were included in the study. They had to passively listen to music excerpts of the above genres during fMRI acquisition. Imaging analysis was performed at the whole-brain-level and in auditory-motor regions of interest (ROIs). Furthermore, the musical competence of each participant was measured and its relationship with brain activity in the studied ROIs was analyzed. The whole brain analysis showed higher brain activity during reggaeton listening than the other music genres in auditory-related areas. The ROI-analysis showed that reggaeton led to higher activity not only in auditory related areas, but also in some motor related areas, mainly when it was compared with classical music. A positive relationship between the melodic-Music Ear Test (MET) score and brain activity during reggaeton listening was identified in some auditory and motor related areas. The findings revealed that listening to different music styles in musically inexperienced subjects elicits different brain activity in auditory and motor related areas. Reggaeton was, among the studied music genres, the one that evoked the highest activity in the auditory-motor network. These findings are discussed in connection with acoustic analyses of the musical stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Martín-Fernández
- Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria (Department of Neurosurgery), Spain
| | - Iballa Burunat
- Finnish Centre for Interdisciplinary Music Research, Department of Music, Art and Culture Studies, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Cristián Modroño
- University of La Laguna (Department of Basic Medical Sciences), Spain
| | | | - Julio Plata-Bello
- Hospital Universitario de Canarias (Department of Neurosurgery), Spain.
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24
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Sarasso P, Neppi-Modona M, Sacco K, Ronga I. "Stopping for knowledge": The sense of beauty in the perception-action cycle. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 118:723-738. [PMID: 32926914 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
According to a millennial-old philosophical debate, aesthetic emotions have been connected to knowledge acquisition. Recent scientific evidence, collected across different disciplinary domains, confirms this link, but also reveals that motor inhibition plays a crucial role in the process. In this review, we discuss multidisciplinary results and propose an original account of aesthetic appreciation (the stopping for knowledge hypothesis) framed within the predictive coding theory. We discuss evidence showing that aesthetic emotions emerge in correspondence with an inhibition of motor behavior (i.e., minimizing action), promoting a simultaneous perceptual processing enhancement, at the level of sensory cortices (i.e., optimizing learning). Accordingly, we suggest that aesthetic appreciation may represent a hedonic feedback over learning progresses, motivating the individual to inhibit motor routines to seek further knowledge acquisition. Furthermore, the neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies we review reveal the presence of a strong association between aesthetic appreciation and the activation of the dopaminergic reward-related circuits. Finally, we propose a number of possible applications of the stopping for knowledge hypothesis in the clinical and education domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sarasso
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and Behaviour Changes) Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy
| | - M Neppi-Modona
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and Behaviour Changes) Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy
| | - K Sacco
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and Behaviour Changes) Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy
| | - I Ronga
- BIP (BraIn Plasticity and Behaviour Changes) Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy.
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25
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Groussard M, Chan TG, Coppalle R, Platel H. Preservation of Musical Memory Throughout the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease? Toward a Reconciliation of Theoretical, Clinical, and Neuroimaging Evidence. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 68:857-883. [PMID: 30883343 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Through this review of 25 clinical and experimental works on long-term musical memories in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, we attempt to clarify the conceptual understanding of musical memories, identify their evolution across the stages of the pathology, and propose possible explanations concerning the neural and cognitive mechanisms that underpin the preservation and impairment of certain musical memories. After clarifying the different kind of musical memories, we investigated their alterations throughout AD's progression from mild to severe stages. Both procedural and retrograde semantic memory seem relatively spared in AD, while episodic memory appears to be impaired early. Moreover, partial preservation of music encoding in AD can be revealed through paradigms that are especially designed for AD patients (relying on behavioral cues, using adapted settings, etc.). Although seldomly used, they would definitely help understanding the preserved capacities in every stage of AD. However, more research is needed to better understand this phenomenon and assess its specificity to music or other types of supports. These findings could lead to multiple applications in care settings and research designs, bringing more nuanced understanding of how long-term musical memory degrades throughout the course of AD, and should encourage us to prioritize patients' preserved cognitive abilities in current AD recreational and care programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Groussard
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Tyler G Chan
- The Grossman Institute for Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology, and Human Behavior, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Renaud Coppalle
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Hervé Platel
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, Caen, France
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26
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Virtual reality, music, and pain: developing the premise for an interdisciplinary approach to pain management. Pain 2020; 160:1909-1919. [PMID: 30817437 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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27
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Haslbeck FB, Jakab A, Held U, Bassler D, Bucher HU, Hagmann C. Creative music therapy to promote brain function and brain structure in preterm infants: A randomized controlled pilot study. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 25:102171. [PMID: 31972397 PMCID: PMC6974781 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive and neurobehavioral problems are among the most severe adverse outcomes in very preterm infants. Such neurodevelopmental impairments may be mitigated through nonpharmacological interventions such as creative music therapy (CMT), an interactive, resource- and needs-oriented approach that provides individual social contact and musical stimulation. The aim was to test the feasibility of a study investigating the role of CMT and to measure the short- and medium-term effects of CMT on structural and functional brain connectivity with MRI. In this randomized, controlled clinical pilot feasibility trial, 82 infants were randomized to either CMT or standard care. A specially trained music therapist provided CMT via infant-directed humming and singing in lullaby style. To test the short-term effects of CMT on brain structure and function, diffusion tensor imaging data and resting-state functional imaging data were acquired. Clinical feasibility was achieved despite moderate parental refusal mainly in the control group after randomization. 40 infants remained as final cohort for the MRI analysis. Structural brain connectivity appears to be moderately affected by CMT, structural connectomic analysis revealed increased integration in the posterior cingulate cortex only. Lagged resting-state MRI analysis showed lower thalamocortical processing delay, stronger functional networks, and higher functional integration in predominantly left prefrontal, supplementary motor, and inferior temporal brain regions in infants treated with CMT. This trial provides unique evidence that CMT has beneficial effects on functional brain activity and connectivity in networks underlying higher-order cognitive, socio-emotional, and motor functions in preterm infants. Our results indicate the potential of CMT to improve long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in children born very preterm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Barbara Haslbeck
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich and University Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Andras Jakab
- MR Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Held
- Department of Biostatistics Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute UZH, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Bassler
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich and University Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Ulrich Bucher
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich and University Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Hagmann
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's University Hospital of Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
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