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Pedersen H, Bäckström M, Hagelsteen K. Extravert Surgical Resident Applicants Get Higher 360-Degree Evaluations From Coworkers. J Surg Res 2024; 298:193-200. [PMID: 38626716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 360-degree evaluations are used as an assessment in order to identify strengths and weaknesses of, or as a continuous evaluation for, residents. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality and ratings on 360-degree evaluations among surgical residency applicants. A secondary aim was to describe the personality profile of applicants for a surgical residency position. METHODS Doctors interviewed for a residency or locum position in general, urology, or pediatric surgery were included. Participants rated their personality on the Neutralized Big Five Inventory. A 360-degree assessment was conducted. Scores from two laparoscopic simulators were used as a measure of technical ability. Univariate analyses were used to assess the results. Student's t-test was used to compare personality and Pearson correlations between 360-degree assessment and personality. RESULTS Fifty doctors participated: data were complete for 38. Personality profiles showed higher emotional stability, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness ratings than the norm. Correlations revealed a significant relationship between extraversion and higher scores on the 360-degree assessments. Significant univariate correlations were found between extraversion and the 360-degree assessments, and two of the correlations held up after adjustment for multiple tests. No correlations with performance when using laparoscopic simulators were found. CONCLUSIONS Applicants for surgical residency rated significantly higher than the norm in four personality domains. Extraversion correlated with overall higher scores in 360-degree assessments by coworkers. Higher scores were not related to objective measures of technical skill, highlighting the importance of using objective measures for assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Pedersen
- Practicum Clinical Skills Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Surgery, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | | | - Kristine Hagelsteen
- Practicum Clinical Skills Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Sier VQ, Bisset CN, Tesselaar DAJ, Schmitz RF, Schepers A, Moug SJ, van der Vorst JR. Dissecting the surgeon's personality: cross-cultural comparisons in Western Europe. Colorectal Dis 2024; 26:1239-1249. [PMID: 38687763 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
AIM The surgeon's personality contributes to variation in surgical decision-making. Previous work on surgeon personality has largely been reserved to Anglo-Saxon studies, with limited international comparisons. In this work we built upon recent work on gastrointestinal surgeon personality and aimed to detect international variations. METHOD Gastrointestinal surgeons from the UK and the Netherlands were invited to participate in validated personality assessments (44-item, 60-item Big Five Inventory; BFI). These encompass personality using five domains (open-mindedness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and negative emotionality) with three subtraits each. Mean differences in domain factors were calculated between surgeon and nonsurgeon populations from normative data using independent-samples t-tests, adjusted for multiple testing. The items from the 44-item and 60-item BFI were compared between UK and Dutch surgeons and classified accordingly: identical (n = 16), analogous (n = 3), comparable (n = 12). RESULTS UK (n = 78, 61.5% male) and Dutch (n = 280, 65% male) gastrointestinal surgeons had marked differences in the domains of open-mindedness, extraversion and agreeableness compared with national normative datasets. Moreover, although surgeons had similar levels of emotional stability, country of work influenced differences in specific BFI items. For example, Netherlands-based surgeons scored highly on questions related to sociability and organization versus UK-based surgeons who scored highly on creative imagination (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION In a first cross-cultural setting, we identified country-specific personality differences in gastrointestinal surgeon cohorts across domain and facet levels. Given the variation between Dutch and UK surgeons, understanding country-specific data could be useful in guiding personality research in healthcare. Furthermore, we advocate that future work adopts consensus usage of the five factor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Q Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C N Bisset
- Department of General Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland
- University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - D A J Tesselaar
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R F Schmitz
- Department of Surgery, Groene Hart Hospital, Gouda, The Netherlands
| | - A Schepers
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - S J Moug
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley, Scotland
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, Scotland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - J R van der Vorst
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Joffe M, Grover S, King J, Furnham A. Doctors in distress: The personality profile of derailing doctors. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:182-189. [PMID: 35118886 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221075585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study looked at the bright and dark-side personality profile of distressed and potentially derailing doctors (82% male). The derailing doctors were on average 48.75 years old, and from many specialities, in particular, general practice and surgery. METHOD In all, a group of 77 derailing British doctors, and a control group of 357 doctors completed a valid multi-dimensional test of bright-side (normal) personality (NEO-PI-R) and one of dysfunctional interpersonal themes (sub-clinical personality disorders) (HDS: Hogan Development Survey). RESULTS Controlling for sex and age, the derailing doctors were more Neurotic (less resilient), and less Agreeable, Conscientious, Extraverted and Open-to- Experience. They were also more Excitable (Borderline), Sceptical (Paranoid), Cautious (Avoidant), Reserved (Schizoid), Leisurely (Passive Aggressive) and Bold (Narcissistic). Discriminant analysis showed age, Neuroticism, Extraversion, Leisurely and Excitable were, in that order, the greatest personality discriminators between those who did and did not derail. CONCLUSION More research needs to be done on doctor derailment to inform the selection and training of doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simmy Grover
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, UK
| | | | - Adrian Furnham
- Norwegian Business School (BI), Nydalveien, Olso, Norway
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Bisset CN, Ferguson E, MacDermid E, Stein SL, Yassin N, Dames N, Keller DS, Oliphant R, Parson SH, Cleland J, Moug SJ. Exploring variation in surgical practice: does surgeon personality influence anastomotic decision-making? Br J Surg 2022; 109:1156-1163. [PMID: 35851801 PMCID: PMC10364753 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decision-making under uncertainty may be influenced by an individual's personality. The primary aim was to explore associations between surgeon personality traits and colorectal anastomotic decision-making. METHODS Colorectal surgeons worldwide participated in a two-part online survey. Part 1 evaluated surgeon characteristics using the Big Five Inventory to measure personality (five domains: agreeableness; conscientiousness; extraversion; emotional stability; openness) in response to scenarios presented in Part 2 involving anastomotic decisions (i.e. rejoining the bowel with/without temporary stomas, or permanent diversion with end colostomy). Anastomotic decisions were compared using repeated-measure ANOVA. Mean scores of traits domains were compared with normative data using two-tailed t tests. RESULTS In total, 186 surgeons participated, with 127 surgeons completing both parts of the survey (68.3 per cent). One hundred and thirty-one surgeons were male (70.4 per cent) and 144 were based in Europe (77.4 per cent). Forty-one per cent (77 surgeons) had begun independent practice within the last 5 years. Surgeon personality differed from the general population, with statistically significantly higher levels of emotional stability (3.25 versus 2.97 respectively), lower levels of agreeableness (3.03 versus 3.74), extraversion (2.81 versus 3.38) and openness (3.19 versus 3.67), and similar levels of conscientiousness (3.42 versus 3.40 (all P <0.001)). Female surgeons had significantly lower levels of openness (P <0.001) than males (3.06 versus 3.25). Personality was associated with anastomotic decision-making in specific scenarios. CONCLUSION Colorectal surgeons have different personality traits from the general population. Certain traits seem to be associated with anastomotic decision-making but only in specific scenarios. Further exploration of the association of personality, risk-taking, and decision-making in surgery is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly N Bisset
- Correspondence to: Carly N. Bisset, Department of General Surgery, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Corsebar Road, Paisley, PA2 9PN, UK (e-mail: )
| | - Eamonn Ferguson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ewan MacDermid
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Australia University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon L Stein
- UHRISES: Research in Surgical Outcomes and Effectiveness, University Hospital Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nuha Yassin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Nicola Dames
- Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain & Ireland Patient Liaison Group, UK
| | - Deborah S Keller
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Raymond Oliphant
- Department of Medical Education, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, UK
| | - Simon H Parson
- Department of Medical Education, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Jennifer Cleland
- Medical Education Research and Scholarship Unit, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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Mackay I, Clark DA, Nicholson J, Edmundson A, Steffens D, Solomon M. Risk taking propensity: Nurse, surgeon and patient preferences for diverting ileostomy. Colorectal Dis 2022; 24:1073-1079. [PMID: 35426482 PMCID: PMC9790330 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The decision-making process to defunction a pelvic colorectal anastomosis involves complex heuristics and is framed by surgeon personality factors. Risk taking propensity may be an important factor in these decisions and patient preferences have not been evaluated alongside surgeons and nurses. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study involving a one-off interview and questionnaire assessing how risk taking propensity affects nurse, surgeon and patient preferences for a temporary defunctioning ileostomy (TDI) was performed. The risk taking index (RTI) was employed to evaluate risk taking propensity and the validated prospective measures of preference instruments to evaluate preferences for stoma avoidance in several scenarios by asking the individual to consider trading or gambling years of remaining life expectancy. RESULTS One hundred and fifty participants met the inclusion criteria, which included 30 (20.0%) surgical nurses, 20 (13.3%) colorectal surgeons and 100 (66.7%) patients. Surgeons had a significantly higher RTI (mean ± SD: 26.8 ± 6.7) than patients (mean ± SD: 20.0 ± 9.8) and nurses (mean ± SD: 23.0 ± 6.6) p = 0.002. Surgeons would consider that it would be in a patient's best interest to have a TDI at an AL rate of 15% or greater, whereas nurses and patients would do so at 28% and 25%, respectively (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION Surgeons were shown to have a higher risk taking propensity than patients and nurses but a significantly lower threshold of AL where they would consider a TDI is in the best interest of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Mackay
- Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQldAustralia
| | - David A. Clark
- Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQldAustralia,Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical SchoolThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia,Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe) Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia,University of QldBrisbaneQldAustralia,St Vincent's Private Hospital NorthsideBrisbaneQldAustralia
| | - James Nicholson
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation TrustUniversity Teaching HospitalSalfordUK
| | - Aleks Edmundson
- Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQldAustralia,University of QldBrisbaneQldAustralia
| | - Daniel Steffens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical SchoolThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia,Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe) Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Michael Solomon
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical SchoolThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia,Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe) Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia
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