1
|
Li Y, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Akakuru OU, Yao X, Yi J, Li X, Wang L, Lou X, Zhu B, Fan K, Qin Z. Ablation of Gap Junction Protein Improves the Efficiency of Nanozyme-Mediated Catalytic/Starvation/Mild-Temperature Photothermal Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210464. [PMID: 36964940 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated tumor catalytic therapy is typically hindered by gap junction proteins that form cell-to-cell channels to remove cytotoxic ROS, thereby protecting tumor cells from oxidative damage. In this work, a multifunctional nanozyme, FePGOGA, is designed and prepared by Fe(III)-mediated oxidative polymerization (FeP), followed by glucose oxidase (GOx) and GAP19 peptides co-loading through electrostatic and π-π interactions. The FePGOGA nanozyme exhibits excellent cascade peroxidase- and glutathione-oxidase-like activities that efficiently catalyze hydrogen peroxide conversion to hydroxyl radicals and convert reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione disulfide. The loaded GOx starves the tumors and aggravates tumor oxidative stress through glucose decomposition, while GAP19 peptides block the hemichannels by inducing degradation of Cx43, thus increasing the accumulation of intracellular ROS, and decreasing the transport of intracellular glucose. Furthermore, the ROS reacts with primary amines of heat shock proteins to destroy their structure and function, enabling tumor photothermal therapy at the widely sought-after mild temperature (mildPTT, ≤45 °C). In vivo experiments demonstrate the significant antitumor effectof FePGOGA on cal27 xenograft tumors under near-infrared light irradiation. This study demonstrates the successful ablation of gap junction proteins to overcome resistance to ROS-mediated therapy, providing a regulator to suppress tumor self-preservation during tumor starvation, catalytic therapy, and mildPTT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjuan Li
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
- Center of Infection and Immunity, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Ya Dong
- Center of Infection and Immunity, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Ozioma Udochukwu Akakuru
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Xiaohan Yao
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Jinmeng Yi
- Center of Infection and Immunity, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- Center of Infection and Immunity, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Xiaohan Lou
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Baoyu Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Kelong Fan
- Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhihai Qin
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Weidner J, Neitzel C, Gote M, Deck J, Küntzelmann K, Pilarczyk G, Falk M, Hausmann M. Advanced image-free analysis of the nano-organization of chromatin and other biomolecules by Single Molecule Localization Microscopy (SMLM). Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2018-2034. [PMID: 36968017 PMCID: PMC10030913 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell as a system of many components, governed by the laws of physics and chemistry drives molecular functions having an impact on the spatial organization of these systems and vice versa. Since the relationship between structure and function is an almost universal rule not only in biology, appropriate methods are required to parameterize the relationship between the structure and function of biomolecules and their networks, the mechanisms of the processes in which they are involved, and the mechanisms of regulation of these processes. Single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), which we focus on here, offers a significant advantage for the quantitative parametrization of molecular organization: it provides matrices of coordinates of fluorescently labeled biomolecules that can be directly subjected to advanced mathematical analytical procedures without the need for laborious and sometimes misleading image processing. Here, we propose mathematical tools for comprehensive quantitative computer data analysis of SMLM point patterns that include Ripley distance frequency analysis, persistent homology analysis, persistent 'imaging', principal component analysis and co-localization analysis. The application of these methods is explained using artificial datasets simulating different, potentially possible and interpretatively important situations. Illustrative analyses of real complex biological SMLM data are presented to emphasize the applicability of the proposed algorithms. This manuscript demonstrated the extraction of features and parameters quantifying the influence of chromatin (re)organization on genome function, offering a novel approach to study chromatin architecture at the nanoscale. However, the ability to adapt the proposed algorithms to analyze essentially any molecular organizations, e.g., membrane receptors or protein trafficking in the cytosol, offers broad flexibility of use.
Collapse
|
3
|
Hausmann M, Falk M, Neitzel C, Hofmann A, Biswas A, Gier T, Falkova I, Heermann DW, Hildenbrand G. Elucidation of the Clustered Nano-Architecture of Radiation-Induced DNA Damage Sites and Surrounding Chromatin in Cancer Cells: A Single Molecule Localization Microscopy Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3636. [PMID: 33807337 PMCID: PMC8037797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In cancer therapy, the application of (fractionated) harsh radiation treatment is state of the art for many types of tumors. However, ionizing radiation is a "double-edged sword"-it can kill the tumor but can also promote the selection of radioresistant tumor cell clones or even initiate carcinogenesis in the normal irradiated tissue. Individualized radiotherapy would reduce these risks and boost the treatment, but its development requires a deep understanding of DNA damage and repair processes and the corresponding control mechanisms. DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) and their repair play a critical role in the cellular response to radiation. In previous years, it has become apparent that, beyond genetic and epigenetic determinants, the structural aspects of damaged chromatin (i.e., not only of DSBs themselves but also of the whole damage-surrounding chromatin domains) form another layer of complex DSB regulation. In the present article, we summarize the application of super-resolution single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) for investigations of these structural aspects with emphasis on the relationship between the nano-architecture of radiation-induced repair foci (IRIFs), represented here by γH2AX foci, and their chromatin environment. Using irradiated HeLa cell cultures as an example, we show repair-dependent rearrangements of damaged chromatin and analyze the architecture of γH2AX repair clusters according to topological similarities. Although HeLa cells are known to have highly aberrant genomes, the topological similarity of γH2AX was high, indicating a functional, presumptively genome type-independent relevance of structural aspects in DSB repair. Remarkably, nano-scaled chromatin rearrangements during repair depended both on the chromatin domain type and the treatment. Based on these results, we demonstrate how the nano-architecture and topology of IRIFs and chromatin can be determined, point to the methodological relevance of SMLM, and discuss the consequences of the observed phenomena for the DSB repair network regulation or, for instance, radiation treatment outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hausmann
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (A.B.); (T.G.); (G.H.)
| | - Martin Falk
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Charlotte Neitzel
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (A.B.); (T.G.); (G.H.)
| | - Andreas Hofmann
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.H.); (D.W.H.)
| | - Abin Biswas
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (A.B.); (T.G.); (G.H.)
| | - Theresa Gier
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (A.B.); (T.G.); (G.H.)
| | - Iva Falkova
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Dieter W. Heermann
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.H.); (D.W.H.)
| | - Georg Hildenbrand
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (A.B.); (T.G.); (G.H.)
| |
Collapse
|