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Al-Arbeed TA, Renno WM, Al-Hassan JM. Neuroregeneration of injured peripheral nerve by fraction B of catfish epidermal secretions through the reversal of the apoptotic pathway and DNA damage. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1085314. [PMID: 36726586 PMCID: PMC9885176 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1085314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Crush injuries occur from acute traumatic nerve compression resulting in different degrees of neural damage leading to permanent functional deficits. Recently, we have shown that administration of Fraction B (FB) derived from catfish epidermal secretions accelerates healing of damaged nerve in a sciatic nerve crush injury, as it ameliorates the neurobehavioral deficits and enhances axonal regeneration, as well as protects spinal neurons and increases astrocytic activity and decreasing GAP-43 expression. The present study aimed to investigate the role of FB treatment on the apoptotic pathway in the neuroregeneration of the sciatic nerve crush injury. Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into five groups: (I) SHAM, (II) CRUSH, (III) CRUSH + (1.5 mg/kg) FB, (IV) CRUSH + (3 mg/kg) FB, and (V) CRUSH + (4.5 mg/kg) FB. Rats underwent sciatic nerve crush surgery, followed by treatment with FB administered intraperitoneally (IP) daily for two weeks and then sacrificed at the end of the fourth week. Results: FB improved the recovery of neurobehavioral functions with a concomitant increase in axonal regeneration and neuroprotective effects on spinal cord neurons following crush injury. Further, FB enhanced Schwann cells (SCs) proliferation with a significant increase in myelin basic protein expression. FB-treated animals demonstrated higher numbers of neurons in the spinal cord, possibly through ameliorating oxidative DNA damage and alleviating the mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway by inhibiting the release of cytochrome c and the activation of caspase-3 in the spinal cord neurons. Conclusion: FB alleviates the neurodegenerative changes in the lumbar spinal cord neurons and recovers the decrease in the neuronal count through its anti-apoptotic and DNA antioxidative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiba A. Al-Arbeed
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Waleed M. Renno
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait,*Correspondence: Waleed M. Renno,
| | - Jassim M. Al-Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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Lipid metabolism in tumor microenvironment: novel therapeutic targets. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:224. [PMID: 35790992 PMCID: PMC9254539 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive lipid molecules have been proposed to play important roles linking obesity/metabolic syndrome and cancers. Studies reveal that aberrant lipid metabolic signaling can reprogram cancer cells and non-cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment, contributing to cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, recurrence, and poor therapeutic response. Existing evidence indicates that controlling lipid metabolism can be a potential strategy for cancer prevention and therapy. By reviewing the current literature on the lipid metabolism in various cancers, we summarized major lipid molecules including fatty acids and cholesterol as well as lipid droplets and discussed their critical roles in cancer cells and non-cancer in terms of either promoting- or anti-tumorigenesis. This review provides an overview of the lipid molecules in cellular entities and their tumor microenvironment, adding to the existing knowledge with lipid metabolic reprogramming in immune cells and cancer associated cells. Comprehensive understanding of the regulatory role of lipid metabolism in cellular entities and their tumor microenvironment will provide a new direction for further studies, in a shift away from conventional cancer research. Exploring the lipid-related signaling targets that drive or block cancer development may lead to development of novel anti-cancer strategies distinct from traditional approaches for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Al-Hassan JM, Wei D, Chakraborty S, Conway T, Rhea P, Wei B, Tran M, Gagea M, Afzal M, Oommen S, Nair D, Paul BM, Yang P. Fraction B From Catfish Epidermal Secretions Kills Pancreatic Cancer Cells, Inhibits CD44 Expression and Stemness, and Alters Cancer Cell Metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:659590. [PMID: 34349642 PMCID: PMC8326461 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.659590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer related death in western countries. The successful treatment of PDAC remains limited. We investigated the effect of Fraction B, which is a fraction purified from catfish (Arius bilineatus, Val.) skin secretions containing proteins and lipids, on PDAC biology both in-vivo and in-vitro. We report here that Fraction B potently suppressed the proliferation of both human and mouse pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and significantly reduced the growth of their relevant xenograft (Panc02) and orthotopic tumors (human Panc-1 cells) (p < 0.05). The Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) data obtained from the tumor tissues derived from orthotopic tumor bearing mice treated with Fraction B showed that Fraction B altered the cancer stem cells related pathways and regulated glucose and glutamine metabolism. The down-regulation of the cancer stem cell marker CD44 expression was further confirmed in Panc-1 cells. CBC and blood chemistry analyses showed no systemic toxicity in Fraction B treated Panc-1 tumor bearing mice compared to that of control group. Our data support that Fraction B is a potential candidate for PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jassim M Al-Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Daoyan Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sharmistha Chakraborty
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Tara Conway
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Patrea Rhea
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Megan Tran
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mihai Gagea
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mohammad Afzal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Sosamma Oommen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Divya Nair
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Bincy M Paul
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Peiying Yang
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Renno WM, Afzal M, Paul B, Nair D, Kumar J, Al-Hassan JM. Catfish Epidermal Preparation Accelerates Healing of Damaged Nerve in a Sciatic Nerve Crush Injury Rat Model. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:632028. [PMID: 33986668 PMCID: PMC8112254 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.632028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preliminary investigations showed that preparations from Arabian Gulf catfish (Arius bilineatus, Val) epidermal gel secretion (PCEGS) exhibit potent anti-inflammatory and healing properties as shown in our previous clinical trials for the healing of non-healing diabetic foot ulcers, chronic back pain, and some other neurological disorders. Here, we report for the first time a unique preparation containing only proteins and lipids (soluble protein fraction B, SPF-FB), derived from the PCEGS accelerated the healing and recovery of sensory-motor functions of experimental sciatic nerve crush injury in rats with its unique neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties on the spinal neurons and peripheral nerve fibers. Male rats were randomly assigned to five groups: (I) NAÏVE, (II) SHAM, (III) CRUSH treated with saline, (IV) CRUSH + SPF-FB treated with 3 mg/kg intraperitoneally (IP) and (V) CRUSH + SPF-FB treated with 6 mg/kg subcutaneously (SC) groups. The crush groups III, IV and V underwent sciatic nerve crush injury, followed by treatment daily for 14 days with saline, SPF-FB IP and SPF-FB SC. All animals were tested for the neurobehavioral parameters throughout the 6 weeks of the study. Sciatic nerve and spinal cord tissues were processed for light and electron histological examinations, stereological analysis, immunohistochemical and biochemical examinations at Week 4 and Week 6 post-injury. Administration of SPF-FB IP or SC significantly enhanced the neurobehavioral sensory and motor performance and histomorphological neuroregeneration of the sciatic nerve-injured rats. The stereological evaluation of the axon area, average axon perimeters, and myelin thickness revealed significant histomorphological evidence of neuroregeneration in the FB-treated sciatic nerve crush injured groups compared to controls at 4 and 6 weeks. SPF-FB treatment significantly prevented the increased in NeuN-immunoreactive neurons, increased GFAP immunoreactive astrocytes, and decreased GAP-43. We conclude that SPF-FB treatment lessens neurobehavioral deficits, enhances axonal regeneration following nerve injury. We conclude that SPF-FB treatment lessens neurobehavioral deficits and enhances axonal regeneration following nerve injury, as well as protects spinal neurons and enhances subcellular recovery by increasing astrocytic activity and decreasing GAP-43 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed M Renno
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Mohammad Afzal
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Bincy Paul
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Divya Nair
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Jijin Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Jassim M Al-Hassan
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
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Al-Hassan JM, Hinek A, Renno WM, Wang Y, Liu YF, Guan R, Wen XY, Litvack ML, Lindenmaier A, Afzal M, Paul B, Oommen S, Nair D, Kumar J, Khan MA, Palaniyar N, Pace-Asciak C. Potential Mechanism of Dermal Wound Treatment With Preparations From the Skin Gel of Arabian Gulf Catfish: A Unique Furan Fatty Acid (F6) and Cholesta-3,5-Diene (S5) Recruit Neutrophils and Fibroblasts to Promote Wound Healing. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:899. [PMID: 32625093 PMCID: PMC7314935 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Preparations from Arabian Gulf catfish (Arius bilineatus, Val) epidermal gel secretion (PCEGS) effectively heal chronic wounds in diabetic patients. However, specific lipid components of PCEGS that are responsible for various aspects of wound healing are unknown. Here, we report for the first time that, i) a unique preparation containing only proteins and lipids (Fraction B, FB), derived from the PCEGS accelerated the healing of experimental dermal wounds in female rats (transdermal punch biopsy) in vivo. Histological analyses showed that topical treatment of these wounds with FB promoted the migration of fibroblasts, facilitated the production of extracellular matrix (collagen, fibronectin), induced capillary formation and recruitment of immune cells, and accelerated overall wound healing by day 4 (tested at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 10 days; n=15 for vehicle; n=15 for FB treatment), ii) the lipids responsible for different stages of wound healing were separated into a protein-free bioactive lipid fraction, Ft, which contained a few common long-chain fatty acids, a unique furan fatty acid (F6) and a cholesterol metabolite, cholesta-3,5-diene (S5). Ft (the partially purified lipid fraction of PCEGS), and F6 and S5 present in Ft, proved to be bioactive for wound healing in human dermal fibroblasts. Ft increased the production and extracellular deposition of collagen and fibronectin, ex vivo, iii) Ft and its subcomponents, pure F6 and S5, also promoted human dermal fibroblast migration into the scratch wound gaps, ex vivo, iv) Ft, F6, and S5 promoted the recruitment of neutrophils (Green fluorescence protein labeled) to the site of injury in the transected tailfins of transgenic zebrafish, in vivo, v) Ft, but not F6 or S5, promoted the regeneration of tissues at the wound site in the transgenic zebrafish tailfin, in vivo. Therefore, we conclude that lipid fraction Ft from PCEGS contains the components necessary to promote complete wound healing, and F6 and S5 are responsible for promoting fibroblast and neutrophil recruitment to the site of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jassim M Al-Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Aleksander Hinek
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Waleed M Renno
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Yanting Wang
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yuan Fang Liu
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rui Guan
- Departments of Lab Medicine and Pathobiology, and Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiao-Yen Wen
- Zebrafish Centre for Advanced Drug Discovery & Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Departments of Lab Medicine and Pathobiology, and Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael L Litvack
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andras Lindenmaier
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad Afzal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Bincy Paul
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | - Divya Nair
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Jijin Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Meraj A Khan
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nades Palaniyar
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Departments of Lab Medicine and Pathobiology, and Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cecil Pace-Asciak
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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