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Wang YK, Ran DM, Li YY, Zhu CY, Zhang RB, Jiang B, Wang SN. Histopathological features of glandular atrophy of the lamina propria of the gastric mucosa during its occurrence and development. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:395. [PMID: 37968594 PMCID: PMC10652481 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-03033-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the histopathological features of glandular atrophy of the lamina propria of gastric mucosa during its occurrence and development. METHOD We performed detailed histological observation and immunohistochemical examination on the endoscopic biopsy and ESD endoscopic resection specimens of 896 patients with glandular atrophy of the lamina propria of gastric mucosa. The EnVision two-step method was used for immunohistochemical staining, and the slices were incubated with primary antibody CK7, CK20, villin, CDX2, MUC5AC, MUC6, p53 and ki-67. Hematoxylin staining was performed and observed under the microscope and statistically analyzed. RESULTS In the initial stage of glandular atrophy of the lamina propria, the proliferation area of the deep gastric pits, and the isthmus and neck of the gastric glands are characterized by roughly normal structure of the glandular structure, increased mesenchyme, and widened space between glands. Subsequently, the gland becomes smaller in volume and less in number, especially at the base, in the gastric glandular part of the gastric unit. The disease at this stage has higher incidence, and occurs more often in the elderly who account for 64.0% (573/896) of our study group. The disease in this stage may exhibit some lesions that are physiologic (age-related degeneration) while others are pathological. Therefore, this condition is called simple glandular atrophy of the lamina propria of the gastric mucosa. When the gastric mucosal epithelium is subjected to infection or repeated infections, chemical stimuli, immune factors, and genetic factors, it can lead to the proliferation and transformation of stem cells in the proliferation area of the deep gastric pits, and the isthmus and neck of the gastric glands, forming single ducts, multiple ducts, or a proliferation of patchy cells. Then, atypical hyperplasia (intraepithelial neoplasia) presents, finally leading to gastric adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION Understanding the histopathological characteristics of glandular atrophy of the lamina propria of gastric mucosa is of great significance in controlling the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Kun Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518123, China
| | - Dong-Mei Ran
- Department of Pathology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ying-Ying Li
- Shenzhen Polytechnic, Xili Lake, Xilihu Town, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Chao-Ya Zhu
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Shenzhen, 450052, China
| | - Ren-Bing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Longgang District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Pathology, No. 990 Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Zhumadian, 463000, China
| | - Su-Nan Wang
- Shenzhen Polytechnic, Xili Lake, Xilihu Town, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
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Atay S. A 15-Gene-Based Risk Signature for Predicting Overall Survival in SCLC Patients Who Have Undergone Surgical Resection. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5219. [PMID: 37958393 PMCID: PMC10649828 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a malignancy with a poor prognosis whose treatment has not progressed for decades. The survival benefit of surgery and the selection of surgical candidates are still controversial in SCLC. This study is the first report to identify transcriptomic alterations associated with prognosis and propose a gene expression-based risk signature that can be used to predict overall survival (OS) in SCLC patients who have undergone potentially curative surgery. An integrative transcriptome analysis of three gene expression datasets (GSE30219, GSE43346, and GSE149507) revealed 1734 up-regulated and 2907 down-regulated genes. Cox-Mantel test, Cox regression, and Lasso regression analyses were used to identify genes to be included in the risk signature. EGAD00001001244 and GSE60052-cohorts were used for internal and external validation, respectively. Overall survival was significantly poorer in patients with high-risk scores compared to the low-risk group. The discriminatory performance of the risk signature was superior to other parameters. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk signature has the potential to be an independent predictor of prognosis. The prognostic genes were enriched in pathways including regulation of transcription, cell cycle, cell metabolism, and angiogenesis. Determining the roles of the identified prognostic genes in the pathogenesis of SCLC may contribute to the development of new treatment strategies. The risk signature needs to be validated in a larger cohort of patients to test its usefulness in clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevcan Atay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
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Wang Y, Zhou J, Meng N, Yang B, Zhu C, Jiang B, Wang S, Chen X. The occurrence, progression and development of four types of gastric mucosal atrophic lesions and their histopathological characteristics. Gastric Cancer 2023; 26:721-733. [PMID: 37328675 PMCID: PMC10361864 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-023-01400-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the occurrence and development of gastric mucosal atrophic lesions and their histopathological characteristics. METHODS Histopathological diagnosis and immunohistochemical staining using the EnVision two-step method were conducted on 1969 gastric mucosal atrophic lesions obtained from gastroscopic biopsy specimens. A total of 48-month three-stage endoscopic biopsy follow-ups were performed. RESULTS When the gastric mucosal epithelium was affected by infection, chemical irritation, or immune or genetic factors, the gastric mucosal epithelium glands atrophied, the mucosa became thinner, the number of glands decreased, the intestinal epithelium progressed to metaplasia and smooth muscle fibre became hyperplasia. Such changes may lead to the proliferation and dysplasia of epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa and neoplastic hyperplasia in nature; this is referred to as gastric mucosal atrophic lesions in this study. According to this definition, the present study divided gastric mucosal atrophy into four types: (1) glandular atrophy of the lamina propria; (2) compensatory proliferative atrophy; (3) intestinal metaplasia atrophy; and (4) smooth muscle proliferative atrophy. The incidence rates of the above were 40.1% (789/1969), 14.3% (281/1969), 27.8% (547/1969) and 17.9% (352/1969), respectively. One- to 4-year follow-ups found that the changes were not significant and that the percentages of patients with disease exacerbation were 85.7% (1688/1969) and 9.8% (192/1969). The percentages of patients who developed low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia were 2.8% (55/1969) and 1.1% (21/1969), respectively; 0.7% (13/1969) of patients developed intramucosal cancer. CONCLUSION Gastric mucosal atrophic lesions and histopathological staging are based on the morphological characteristics of gastric mucosal atrophy and the hypothesis of malignant transformation of cells during the occurrence and development of mucosal atrophy. Mastering pathological staging is beneficial to clinicians for enacting precise treatment and is important for reducing the incidence of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangkun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Longgang District Fourth People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518123, Guangdong, China
| | - Junling Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Nanshan District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Nianlong Meng
- Department of Pathology, 989th Hospital of PLA, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
| | - Binfeng Yang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Chaoya Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The 990th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Zhumadian, 463000, Henan, China
| | - Sunan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Vocational and Technical College, Shenzhen, 518110, Guangdong, China.
- Shenzhen Vocational and Technical College, Bank of Xili Lake, Xilihu Town, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, 518055, China.
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Longgang District Fourth People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518123, Guangdong, China
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Zhao Y, Guo M, Zhao F, Liu Q, Wang X. Colonic stem cells from normal tissues adjacent to tumor drive inflammation and fibrosis in colorectal cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:186. [PMID: 37528407 PMCID: PMC10391886 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01140-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In colorectal cancer (CRC), the normal tissue adjacent to tumor (NAT) communicates actively with the tumor. Adult stem cells from the colon play a crucial role in the development of the colonic epithelium. In the tumor microenvironment, however, it is unclear what changes have occurred in colonic stem cells derived from NAT. METHODS Using an intestinal stem cell culture system, we cultured colonic cells from NAT and paired CRC tissue, as well as cells from healthy tissue (HLT). Clonogenicity and differentiation ability were used to compare the function of clones from NAT, HLT and CRC tissues. RNA high-throughput sequencing of these clones was used to identify the molecular characteristics of NAT-derived clones. Coculture of clones from HLT and CRC was used to assess molecular changes. RESULTS We found that the morphological characteristics, clonogenic ability, and differentiation ability of NAT-derived clones were consistent with those of HLT-derived clones. However, NAT-derived clones changed at the molecular level. A number of genes were specifically activated in NAT. NAT-derived clones enriched pathways related to inflammation and fibrosis, including epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway and TGF-beta signaling pathway. Our results also confirmed that NAT-derived clones could recruit fibroblasts in mice. In addition, HLT-derived clones showed high expression of FOSB when cocultured with tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that colonic stem cells from NAT in the tumor microenvironment undergo changes at the molecular level, and these molecular characteristics can be maintained in vitro, which can induce fibrosis and an inflammatory response. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fuqiang Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Kim J, Kim H, Lee MS, Lee H, Kim YJ, Lee WY, Yun SH, Kim HC, Hong HK, Hannenhalli S, Cho YB, Park D, Choi SS. Transcriptomes of the tumor-adjacent normal tissues are more informative than tumors in predicting recurrence in colorectal cancer patients. J Transl Med 2023; 21:209. [PMID: 36941605 PMCID: PMC10029176 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous investigations of transcriptomic signatures of cancer patient survival and post-therapy relapse have focused on tumor tissue. In contrast, here we show that in colorectal cancer (CRC) transcriptomes derived from normal tissues adjacent to tumors (NATs) are better predictors of relapse. RESULTS Using the transcriptomes of paired tumor and NAT specimens from 80 Korean CRC patients retrospectively determined to be in recurrence or nonrecurrence states, we found that, when comparing recurrent with nonrecurrent samples, NATs exhibit a greater number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) than tumors. Training two prognostic elastic net-based machine learning models-NAT-based and tumor-based in our Samsung Medical Center (SMC) cohort, we found that NAT-based model performed better in predicting the survival when the model was applied to the tumor-derived transcriptomes of an independent cohort of 450 COAD patients in TCGA. Furthermore, compositions of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in NATs were found to have better prognostic capability than in tumors. We also confirmed through Cox regression analysis that in both SMC-CRC as well as in TCGA-COAD cohorts, a greater proportion of genes exhibited significant hazard ratio when NAT-derived transcriptome was used compared to when tumor-derived transcriptome was used. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results strongly suggest that NAT-derived transcriptomes and immune cell composition of CRC are better predictors of patient survival and tumor recurrence than the primary tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Kim
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Kim
- Precision Medicine Center, Future Innovation Research Division, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Korea
| | - Min-Seok Lee
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Heetak Lee
- Precision Medicine Center, Future Innovation Research Division, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Korea
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, 55, Expo-ro, Yuseng-gu, Daejeon, 34126, Korea
| | - Yeon Jeong Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Woo Yong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Seong Hyeon Yun
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Hee Cheol Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Hong
- Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Sridhar Hannenhalli
- Cancer Data Science Lab, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20814, MD, USA
| | - Yong Beom Cho
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
| | | | - Sun Shim Choi
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea.
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Arat S, Huynh R, Kumpf S, Qian J, Shoieb A, Virgen-Slane R, Voigt F, Xie Z, Jakubczak JL. Effects of donor source on transcriptomic profiles of human kidney tissue. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22804. [PMID: 36753402 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201754r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Normal human tissue is a critical reference control in biomedical research. However, the type of tissue donor can significantly affect the underlying biology of the samples. We investigated the impact of tissue donor source type by performing transcriptomic analysis on healthy kidney tissue from three donor source types: cadavers, organ donors, and normal-adjacent tissue from surgical resections of clear cell renal cell carcinomas, and we compared the gene expression profiles to those of clear cell renal cell carcinoma samples. Comparisons among the normal samples revealed general similarity, with notable differences in gene expression pathways involving immune system and inflammatory processes, response to extracellular stimuli, ion transport, and metabolism. When compared to tumors, the transcriptomic profiles of the normal adjacent tissue were highly similar to the profiles from cadaveric and organ donor tissue samples, arguing against the presence of a field cancerization effect in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. We conclude that all three normal source types are suitable for reference kidney control samples, but important differences must be noted for particular research areas and tissue banking strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Arat
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Renee Huynh
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Steven Kumpf
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jessie Qian
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ahmed Shoieb
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Richard Virgen-Slane
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Frank Voigt
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John L Jakubczak
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
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Choi S, Kim N, Park JH, Nam RH, Song CH, Lee HS. Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection and its eradication on the expression of tight junction proteins in the gastric epithelium in relation to gastric carcinogenesis. Helicobacter 2022; 27:e12929. [PMID: 36063450 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tight junction proteins (TJPs) play a role in epithelial defense mechanisms. However, the effect of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) on TJPs remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of TJPs in relation to Hp infection and eradication in gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS In total, 510 subjects (284 controls and 226 gastric cancer [GC] patients) were prospectively enrolled in the study. The expression of claudin-1 and -2 (CLDN-1, -2), occludin (OCLN), and tight junction protein 1 (TJP1) was measured based on their Hp infection status in normal corpus mucosa and evaluated following Hp eradication using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS The expression of TJP1 in Hp+ controls was significantly lower than that in Hp- controls (p = 0.006), whereas it was higher in Hp+ than in Hp- GC patients (p = 0.001). Moreover, the increased expression of TJP1 in Hp+ GC patients was reduced to levels in Hp- within a year after Hp eradication and was maintained for more than 5 years. Furthermore, IHC results for TJP1 were similar to qPCR results. In particular, the higher IHC staining intensity of TJP1 in the cytosol of GC patients (p = 0.019) decreased after Hp eradication (p = 0.040). CONCLUSION Hp infection affects TJP expression. The high expression of TJP1 in Hp+ GC patients was restored to control levels after Hp eradication, suggesting that TJP1 plays a role in gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- SooIn Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ryoung Hee Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Chin-Hee Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hye Seung Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Russi S, Marano L, Laurino S, Calice G, Scala D, Marino G, Sgambato A, Mazzone P, Carbone L, Napolitano G, Roviello F, Falco G, Zoppoli P. Gene Regulatory Network Characterization of Gastric Cancer's Histological Subtypes: Distinctive Biological and Clinically Relevant Master Regulators. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4961. [PMID: 36230884 PMCID: PMC9563962 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) molecular heterogeneity represents a major determinant for clinical outcomes, and although new molecular classifications have been introduced, they are not easy to translate from bench to bedside. We explored the data from GC public databases by performing differential gene expression analysis (DEGs) and gene network reconstruction to identify master regulators (MRs), as well as a gene set analysis (GSA) to reveal their biological features. Moreover, we evaluated the association of MRs with clinicopathological parameters. According to the GSA, the Diffuse group was characterized by an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammatory response, while the Intestinal group was associated with a cell cycle and drug resistance pathways. In particular, the regulons of Diffuse MRs, such as Vgll3 and Ciita, overlapped with the EMT and interferon-gamma response, while the regulons Top2a and Foxm1 were shared with the cell cycle pathways in the Intestinal group. We also found a strict association between MR activity and several clinicopathological features, such as survival. Our approach led to the identification of genes and pathways differentially regulated in the Intestinal and Diffuse GC histotypes, highlighting biologically interesting MRs and subnetworks associated with clinical features and prognosis, suggesting putative actionable candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabino Russi
- IRCCS-CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilica, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Luigi Marano
- Unit of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Simona Laurino
- IRCCS-CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilica, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Giovanni Calice
- IRCCS-CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilica, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Dario Scala
- IRCCS-CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilica, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Graziella Marino
- IRCCS-CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilica, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sgambato
- IRCCS-CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilica, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Mazzone
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Ludovico Carbone
- Unit of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giuliana Napolitano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Franco Roviello
- Unit of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Geppino Falco
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Zoppoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Health Biotechnolgy, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Wang L, Zhai R, Song G, Wang Y. Analyses of the expression and prognosis of ILDR1 in human gastric cancer. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10253. [PMID: 36091962 PMCID: PMC9450077 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide mortality rate of gastric cancer worldwide remains high. Immunoglobulin-like domain containing receptor 1 (ILDR1) belongs to an evolutionarily conserved protein family, and little is known about this gene in gastric cancer. In this paper, we analyzed the expression of ILDR1 and its relationship with clinical outcomes in gastric cancer using publicly available databases. ONCOMINE, GEPIA2, UALCAN, Kaplan–Meier Plotter, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA and LinkedOmics databases were used to analyze the expression, prognostic values, mutations and functional networks of ILDR1 in gastric cancer. We observed that ILDR1 was overexpressed in gastric cancer than in normal tissues. ILDR1 expression was significantly higher in patients with gastric cancer than in normal controls during subgroup analysis based on cancer stage, patient’s race, sex, age, tumor grade, H. pylori infection, histological subtype, and nodal metastasis status. Survival analysis showed that upregulation of ILDR1 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis. Genomic alterations in ILDR1 were analyzed using cBioPortal, protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using GeneMANIA and the co-expressed genes, gene ontology, and pathways of ILDR1 were determined using the LinkedOmics web tool. ILDR1 showed significant differences in expression between gastric cancer and normal tissues and, thus, may be a promising prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer.
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10
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Wang YK, Zhou JL, Meng NL, Zhu CY, Wang SN, Chen XD. How Does Helicobacter pylori Infection Cause Gastric Mucosal Atrophy. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:3619-3629. [PMID: 35837536 PMCID: PMC9273833 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s355981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the occurrence and development of gastric mucosal atrophy due to Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and the accompanying histomorphological features. Methods Detailed histological observations and immunohistochemical examinations were conducted via 197 endoscopic biopsies and endoscopic submucosal dissection specimens of gastric mucosal atrophic lesions with gastric Hp infection. Detailed observation was made of columnar cells in the proliferative region of the deep gastric pit and the isthmus of the gastric gland, as well as the upper part of the glandular cervix. Results The infection of the gastric mucosa by Hp firstly led to the proliferative disorder of stem cells in the normal proliferative region of the gastric mucosa. This caused substantial propagation of cells in the proliferative region of the deep gastric pit and the isthmus of the gastric gland, as well as the upper part of the glandular cervix, as a means to replenish the damaged surface mucus cells. However, the propagation of stem cells in the proliferative region was insufficient for downward migration, and the normal physiological process of differentiation into fundic/pyloric gland cells was disrupted, resulting in glandular atrophy of the intrinsic layer of the gastric mucosa. Persistent Hp infection and disruption of stem cell proliferation in the proliferative region subsequently resulted in extensive segmental hyperplasia of the gastric mucosa and glandular atrophy of the lamina propria. Conclusion The occurrence, development, and histomorphological features of gastric mucosal atrophy due to gastric Hp infection provide a reliable pathological basis for precise treatment by clinicians and are of great significance for controlling the development of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Kun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Foresea Life Insurance Guangzhou General Hospital, Guangzhou, 511300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Ling Zhou
- Shenzhen Nanshan District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518067, People's Republic of China
| | - Nian-Long Meng
- Department of Pathology, The 989th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Luoyang, Henan, 471031, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Ya Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Nan Wang
- Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Foresea Life Insurance Guangzhou General Hospital, Guangzhou, 511300, People's Republic of China
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Wei X, Su R, Yang M, Pan B, Lu J, Lin H, Shu W, Wang R, Xu X. Quantitative proteomic profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma at different serum alpha-fetoprotein level. Transl Oncol 2022; 20:101422. [PMID: 35430532 PMCID: PMC9034393 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum AFP equal to 400 ng/mL is a pivotal turning point not only in prognosis but also metabolic and invasion associated pathways. Adjacent noncancerous tissues are not biological normal components at protein level. Four druggable targets (C1QBP, HSPE1, CHDH, ITGAL) are identified as potential prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Purpose Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a poor long-term prognosis and high mortality rate. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels show great prognostic value in patients undergoing hepatectomy. This study aims to explore proteomic profiling in HCC samples based on AFP subgroups and identify potential key targets involved in HCC progression. Methods Twelve paired tumor and adjacent noncancerous tissue samples were collected from patients with HCC who underwent primary curative resection from January 2012 to December 2013. Clinical information was curated from four tissue microarrays to conduct survival analysis based on serum AFP levels. TMT-based quantitative proteomic analyses and bioinformatics analyses were performed to comprehensively profile molecular features. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to validate protein expression of identified targets. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to assess the overall survival and recurrence-free survival based on protein expressions. Results AFP (400 ng/mL) was a turning point in prognosis, metabolic- and invasion-associated pathways. The mass spectrometry analysis yielded a total of 5573 identified proteins. Annotations of 151 differentially expressed proteins in tumors and 95 proteins in paracancerous tissues (1.2-fold) showed similarities in biological processes, cellular components, molecular functions. Furthermore, differentially expressed hub proteins with five innovatively nominated druggable targets (C1QBP, HSPE1, GLUD2 for tumors and CHDH, ITGAL for paracancerous tissues), of which four (C1QBP, HSPE1, CHDH, ITGAL) targets were associated with poor overall survival (all Log-rank P < 0.05). Conclusions Our quantitative proteomics analyses identified four key prognostic biomarkers in HCC and provide opportunities for translational medicine and new treatment.
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Muthusami S, Sabanayagam R, Periyasamy L, Muruganantham B, Park WY. A review on the role of epidermal growth factor signaling in the development, progression and treatment of cervical cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:179-187. [PMID: 34848237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The sub-committee constituted by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) for the management of cervical cancer (CC) detailed in the consensus document (2016) reported CC as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in women. The incidence of an increase in CC and associated mortality in women is a major cause of cancer. To date, human papilloma viral (HPV) infection accounts for more than 99% of CC. However, there are individuals infected with HPV do not develop CC. There is a greater correlation between HPV infection and upregulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling cascade during the initiation, sustenance, and progression of CC. Therefore, EGFR is often targeted to treat CC using tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies (mAB). The current review analyzed the existing clinical/pre-clinical studies and the significance of EGFR abundance using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival plot analysis for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). We performed a series of bioinformatics analyses to screen the crucial role of the EGFR gene in CC. Further, different transcription factors that are dysregulated due to EGFR abundance and their relevance were determined using computational tools in this review. Endogenous microRNAs (miRNA) that undergo changes due to alterations in EGFR during CC were identified using computational database and consolidated the information obtained with the published in the area of miRNA and EGFR with special reference to the initiation, sustenance and progression of CC. The current review aims to consolidate contemporary approaches for targeting CC using EGFR and highlight the current role of miRNA and genes that are differently regulated during CC involving EGFR mutations. Potential resistance to the available EGFR therapies such as TKIs and mABs and the need for better therapies are also extensively reviewed for the development of newer therapeutic molecules with better efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Muthusami
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India; Karpagam Cancer Research Centre, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India.
| | | | - Loganayaki Periyasamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Bharathi Muruganantham
- Karpagam Cancer Research Centre, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Woo Yoon Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
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Periyasamy L, Muruganantham B, Park WY, Muthusami S. Phyto-targeting the CEMIP Expression as a Strategy to Prevent Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:922-946. [PMID: 35236267 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220302153201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metastasis of primary pancreatic cancer (PC) to adjacent or distant organs is responsible for the poor survival rate of affected individuals. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy are currently being prescribed to treat PC in addition to surgical resection. Surgical resection is the preferred treatment for PC that leads to 20% of 5-year survival, but only less than 20% of patients are eligible for surgical resection because of the poor prognosis. To improve the prognosis and clinical outcome, early diagnostic markers need to be identified, and targeting them would be of immense benefit to increase the efficiency of the treatment. Cell migration-inducing hyaluronan-binding protein (CEMIP) is identified as an important risk factor for the metastasis of various cancers, including PC. Emerging studies have pointed out the crucial role of CEMIP in the regulation of various signaling mechanisms, leading to enhanced migration and metastasis of PC. METHODS The published findings on PC metastasis, phytoconstituents, and CEMIP were retrieved from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library. Computational tools, such as gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA) and Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter, were used to study the relationship between CEMIP expression and survival of PC individuals. RESULTS Gene expression analysis using the GEPIA database identified a stupendous increase in the CEMIP transcript in PC compared to adjacent normal tissues. KM plotter analysis revealed the impact of CEMIP on the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) among PC patients. Subsequently, several risk factors associated with PC development were screened, and their ability to regulate CEMIP gene expression was analyzed using computational tools. CONCLUSION The current review is focused on gathering information regarding the regulatory role of phytocomponents in PC migration and exploring their possible impact on the CEMIP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loganayaki Periyasamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 021, India
| | - Bharathi Muruganantham
- Karpagam Cancer Research Centre, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 021, India
| | - Woo-Yoon Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sridhar Muthusami
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 021, India
- Karpagam Cancer Research Centre, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 021, India
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Cai C, Yang L, Zhuang X, He Y, Zhou K. A five-lncRNA model predicting overall survival in gastric cancer compared with normal tissues. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:24349-24359. [PMID: 34751670 PMCID: PMC8610123 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aims: In cancer research, normal tissues adjacent to the tumor are usually defined as controls to compare with tumor samples, in order to screen out cancer-related genes. Although there is no obvious difference in pathology between normal tissues adjacent to the tumor and healthy tissues, there are significant changes at the molecular level. We aim to explore more potential tumor biomarkers using healthy tissues as controls rather than normal tissues adjacent to the tumor. Methods: Here we combine the Genotype-Tissue Expression project and The Cancer Genome Atlas for differential gene analysis. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were applied in order to predict the biological effects of related lncRNAs. Results: We established a 5-lncRNA prognosis model with an AUC value of 0.815. Pathway analysis indicated that 5-lncRNA mainly affected tissue carcinogenesis through PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, Focal adhesion, MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion: The 5-lncRNA prognostic model we set up is more conducive to assess the overall survival time of gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congbo Cai
- Emergency Department of Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Emergency Department of Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xieyan Zhuang
- Gynecology Department of Mingzhou Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi He
- Gastroenterology Department of Ningbo No. 9 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kena Zhou
- Gastroenterology Department of Ningbo No. 9 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
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Laurino S, Mazzone P, Ruggieri V, Zoppoli P, Calice G, Lapenta A, Ciuffi M, Ignomirelli O, Vita G, Sgambato A, Russi S, Falco G. Cationic Channel TRPV2 Overexpression Promotes Resistance to Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis in Gastric Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:746628. [PMID: 34671260 PMCID: PMC8521017 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.746628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is characterized by poor efficacy and modest clinical impact of current therapies, in which apoptosis evasion is relevant. Intracellular calcium homeostasis dysregulation is associated with apoptosis escaping, and aberrant expression of calcium regulator genes could promote GC drug resistance. Since we previously found a prognostic value for TRPV2 calcium channel expression in GC, we aimed to characterize the role of TRPV2 in cisplatin resistance. Using the TCGA-STAD dataset, we performed a differential gene expression analysis between GC samples in upper and lower tertiles of TRPV2 expression, and then through a gene set analysis, we highlighted the enriched ontology and canonical pathways. We used qRT-PCR to assess TRPV2 expression in three GC cell lines and flow cytometry to evaluate cisplatin-induced cell death rates. Calcium green-1-AM assay was used to estimate differences in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations after inhibition of TRPV2. We engineered AGS cell line to overexpress TRPV2 and used confocal microscopy to quantify its overexpression and localization and flow cytometry to evaluate their sensitivity to cisplatin. Consistent with our hypothesis, among enriched gene sets, we found a significant number of those involved in the regulation of apoptosis. Subsequently, we found an inverse correlation between TRPV2 expression and sensitivity to cisplatin in GC cell lines. Moreover, we demonstrated that inhibition of TRPV2 activity by tranilast blocks the efflux of Ca2+ ions and, in combination with cisplatin, induced a significant increase of apoptotic cells (p = 0.004). We also demonstrated that TRPV2 exogenous expression confers a drug-resistant phenotype, and that tranilast is able to revert this phenotype, restoring cisplatin sensitivity. Our findings consistently suggested that TRPV2 could be a potential target for overcoming cisplatin resistance by promoting apoptosis. Notably, our data are a prerequisite for the potential reposition of tranilast to the treatment of GC patients and anticipate the in vivo evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Laurino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Mazzone
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Vitalba Ruggieri
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy.,UOC Clinical Pathology, Altamura Hospital, Altamura, Italy
| | - Pietro Zoppoli
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Giovanni Calice
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Antonella Lapenta
- Trial Office, IRCCS-CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Mario Ciuffi
- Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS-CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Orazio Ignomirelli
- Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS-CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Giulia Vita
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS-CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sgambato
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Sabino Russi
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Geppino Falco
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", Ariano Irpino, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Nadolny C, Zhang X, Chen Q, Hashmi SF, Ali W, Hemme C, Ahsan N, Chen Y, Deng R. Dysregulation and activities of ubiquitin specific peptidase 2b in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4746-4767. [PMID: 34765291 PMCID: PMC8569343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin specific peptidase-2 (USP2) plays important roles in a myriad of cellular activities through deubiquitinating target proteins and its implications in various diseases, especially cancers, are starting to emerge. Our current understanding on USP2 expression in subjects with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its roles in the pathogenesis of HCC is limited. In this study, we found that USP2 protein and mRNA levels were significantly dysregulated in HCC tumor (HCC-T) when compared to adjacent non-tumor (HCC-NT) or normal liver tissues from both human and mouse HCC model. Among the USP2 isoforms, USP2b was the predominant isoform in the normal liver and markedly down-regulated in HCC-T tissues in both human and mice. Data from overexpression, chemical inhibition and knockout studies consistently demonstrated that USP2b promoted cell proliferation, colony formation and wound healing in HepG2 and Huh 7 cells. On the other hand, USP2b exhibited proapoptotic and pronecrtotic activities through enhancing bile acid-induced apoptosis and necrosis in both HepG2 and Huh 7 cells. Unbiased proteomic analysis of USP2-knockout (KO) and parental HepG2 cells resulted in identification of USP2-regulated downstream target proteins involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis, including serine/threonine kinase 4 (STK4), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) and fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1). In conclusion, USP2b expression was dysregulated in subjects with HCC and contributed to the pathogenesis of HCC by promoting cell proliferation and exerting proapoptotic and pronecrotic activities. The findings provide the molecular basis for developing therapies for HCC through modulating USP2b expression or activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Nadolny
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Xinmu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Qiwen Chen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Syed F Hashmi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Winifer Ali
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Christopher Hemme
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Nagib Ahsan
- COBRE Center for Cancer Research Development, Proteomics Core Facility, Rhode Island HospitalProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Ruitang Deng
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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Montano E, Pollice A, Lucci V, Falco G, Affinito O, La Mantia G, Vivo M, Angrisano T. Pancreatic Progenitor Commitment Is Marked by an Increase in Ink4a/Arf Expression. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081124. [PMID: 34439790 PMCID: PMC8392192 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of the molecular mechanisms controlling early cell fate decisions in mammals is of paramount importance as the ability to determine specific lineage differentiation represents a significant opportunity for new therapies. Pancreatic Progenitor Cells (PPCs) constitute a regenerative reserve essential for the maintenance and regeneration of the pancreas. Besides, PPCs represent an excellent model for understanding pathological pancreatic cellular remodeling. Given the lack of valid markers of early endoderm, the identification of new ones is of fundamental importance. Both products of the Ink4a/Arf locus, in addition to being critical cell-cycle regulators, appear to be involved in several disease pathologies. Moreover, the locus' expression is epigenetically regulated in ES reprogramming processes, thus constituting the ideal candidates to modulate PPCs homeostasis. In this study, starting from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), we analyzed the early stages of pancreatic commitment. By inducing mESCs commitment to the pancreatic lineage, we observed that both products of the Cdkn2a locus, Ink4a and Arf, mark a naïve pancreatic cellular state that resembled PPC-like specification. Treatment with epi-drugs suggests a role for chromatin remodeling in the CDKN2a (Cycline Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) locus regulation in line with previous observations in other cellular systems. Our data considerably improve the comprehension of pancreatic cellular ontogeny, which could be critical for implementing pluripotent stem cells programming and reprogramming toward pancreatic lineage commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Montano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80147 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.P.); (V.L.); (G.F.); (G.L.M.)
| | - Alessandra Pollice
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80147 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.P.); (V.L.); (G.F.); (G.L.M.)
| | - Valeria Lucci
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80147 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.P.); (V.L.); (G.F.); (G.L.M.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS—Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Geppino Falco
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80147 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.P.); (V.L.); (G.F.); (G.L.M.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS—Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “Gaetano Salvatore”, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | | | - Girolama La Mantia
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80147 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.P.); (V.L.); (G.F.); (G.L.M.)
| | - Maria Vivo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.V.); (T.A.); Tel.: +39-081-679721 (T.A.)
| | - Tiziana Angrisano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80147 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.P.); (V.L.); (G.F.); (G.L.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.V.); (T.A.); Tel.: +39-081-679721 (T.A.)
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Xue J, Jia E, Ren N, Xin H. Identification of prognostic miRNA biomarkers for esophageal cancer based on The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24832. [PMID: 33607850 PMCID: PMC7899827 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in tumor and tumor-adjacent tissues can be effective diagnostic and prognostic markers to monitor tumor occurrence and progression. Despite improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer (EC), the survival rate is <25%; consequently, more effective EC-specific prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed to design effective treatment regimens. In this study, we focused on identifying independent prognostic miRNA signatures in tumor and tumor-adjacent tissues in EC.We screened candidate miRNAs using a genome-wide miRNA transcriptome dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database that included 82 patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC) and 83 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We validated potential prognostic miRNA markers using a microarray profiling dataset that included information of 32 patients with EADC and 44 patients with ESCC from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. TCGA dataset was additionally used to identify differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs) between the tumor and tumor-adjacent tissues. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were performed to detect the relationship between miRNAs and the overall survival of patients with EC. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to assess the survival differences between groups with differential miRNA expression. Lastly, functional enrichment analysis was conducted using miRWalk 2.0 online database for annotation.Although there was a considerable difference between the DEMs of EADC and ESCC, 73 DEMs were differentially expressed in both EADC and ESCC samples in TCGA dataset. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses showed that a higher expression of hsa-miR-186-5p and hsa-let-7d-5p was independently associated with a poor prognosis of EADC and ESCC, respectively. Furthermore, gene functional enrichment analysis revealed that the target genes of hsa-miR-186-5p and hsa-let-7d-5p participated in various cancer-related pathways, including the MAPK signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway.Our results revealed that hsa-miR-186-5p and hsa-let-7d-5p could be used as independent prognostic biomarkers for EADC and ESCC, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erna Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Na Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery
| | - Hua Xin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery
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Zheng R, Lai G, Li R, Hao Y, Cai L, Jia J. Increased expression of MCM4 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:153-173. [PMID: 33708433 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-20-574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The minichromosome maintenance (MCM) protein complex is important for DNA replication. Moreover, the expression of specific MCM complex components has been associated with the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, the expression and functional roles of minichromosome maintenance complex component 4 (MCM4) in HCC development and progression have not yet been explored. We analyzed the expression and clinical significance of MCM4, including its association with liver cancer patient survival. Methods Oncomine, UALCAN, and HCCDB (a database of HCC expression atlas) were used to characterize the expression of MCM4 in tumor and normal tissues. The expression of MCM4 at the protein level was confirmed based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) data obtained from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. The level of MCM4 was measured in tumor and adjacent normal tissues by RT-qPCR, western blot and IHC staining. The copy number alterations (CNAs) and mutations in MCM4 were analyzed by cBioPortal, whereas the co-expression genes of MCM4 in HCC were obtained from Oncomine, and used for gene ontology and pathway analysis via the NetworkAnalyst 3.0 tool, to explore the predictive signaling pathway in HCC. Results The levels of MCM4 messenger (m)RNA and protein were found to be significantly higher in liver cancer tissues than in normal liver tissues. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the upregulation of MCM4 was significantly negatively correlated with the survival of HCC patients. Conclusions Our data suggest that MCM4 may be used as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruinian Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Guowei Lai
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Rongfa Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanyan Hao
- Department of Oncology, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Limin Cai
- Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jun Jia
- Department of Oncology, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Zhang J, Ding F, Jiao D, Li Q, Ma H. The Aberrant Expression of MicroRNA-125a-5p/IGF2BP3 Axis in Advanced Gastric Cancer and Its Clinical Relevance. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820917332. [PMID: 32266868 PMCID: PMC7144671 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820917332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins have been associated with cancer development. The overexpression of a well-known RNA-binding protein, insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA-binding protein 3, has been identified as an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with various types of cancer. Although gastric cancer is a relatively frequent and potentially fatal malignancy, the mechanism by which insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA-binding protein 3 regulates the development of this cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA-binding protein 3 in gastric cancer. An analysis of IGF2BP3 expression patterns reported in 4 public gastric cancer-related microarray data sets from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas-Stomach Adenocarcinoma revealed strong expression of this gene in gastric cancer tissues. Insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA-binding protein 3 expression in gastric cancer was further confirmed via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively, in an in-house gastric cancer cohort (n = 30), and the association of insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA-binding protein 3 expression with clinical parameters and prognosis was analyzed. Notably, stronger IGF2BP3 expression significantly correlated with poor prognosis, and significant changes in insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA-binding protein 3 expression were only confirmed in patients with advanced-stage gastric cancer in an independent cohort. The effects of insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA-binding protein 3 on cell proliferation were confirmed through in vitro experiments involving the HGC-27 gastric cancer cell line. MicroR-125a-5p, a candidate microRNA that target on insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA-binding protein 3, decreased in advanced-stage gastric cancer. Upregulation of microR-125a-5p inhibited insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA-binding protein 3, and dual-luciferase report assay indicated that microR-125a-5p inhibited the translation of IGF2BP3 by directly targeting the 3' untranslated region. These results indicate that the microR-125a-5p/insulin-like growth factor 2 messenger RNA-binding protein 3 axis contributes to the oncogenesis of advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,The first two authors contributed equally to this paper
| | - Fanghui Ding
- Department of General Surgery (5th), The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,The first two authors contributed equally to this paper
| | - Dan Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Hospital for JiuQuan City in Gansu Province, Jiuquan, China
| | - Qiaozhi Li
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Faculty of Pathology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, China
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21
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Atay S. Integrated transcriptome meta-analysis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and matched adjacent pancreatic tissues. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10141. [PMID: 33194391 PMCID: PMC7597628 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive meta-analysis of publicly available gene expression microarray data obtained from human-derived pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues and their histologically matched adjacent tissue samples was performed to provide diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and molecular targets for PDAC. An integrative meta-analysis of four submissions (GSE62452, GSE15471, GSE62165, and GSE56560) containing 105 eligible tumor-adjacent tissue pairs revealed 344 differentially over-expressed and 168 repressed genes in PDAC compared to the adjacent-to-tumor samples. The validation analysis using TCGA combined GTEx data confirmed 98.24% of the identified up-regulated and 73.88% of the down-regulated protein-coding genes in PDAC. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that “ECM-receptor interaction”, “PI3K-Akt signaling pathway”, and “focal adhesion” are the most enriched KEGG pathways in PDAC. Protein-protein interaction analysis identified FN1, TIMP1, and MSLN as the most highly ranked hub genes among the DEGs. Transcription factor enrichment analysis revealed that TCF7, CTNNB1, SMAD3, and JUN are significantly activated in PDAC, while SMAD7 is inhibited. The prognostic significance of the identified and validated differentially expressed genes in PDAC was evaluated via survival analysis of TCGA Pan-Cancer pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma data. The identified candidate prognostic biomarkers were then validated in four external validation datasets (GSE21501, GSE50827, GSE57495, and GSE71729) to further improve reliability. A total of 28 up-regulated genes were found to be significantly correlated with worse overall survival in patients with PDAC. Twenty-one of the identified prognostic genes (ITGB6, LAMC2, KRT7, SERPINB5, IGF2BP3, IL1RN, MPZL2, SFTA2, MET, LAMA3, ARNTL2, SLC2A1, LAMB3, COL17A1, EPSTI1, IL1RAP, AK4, ANXA2, S100A16, KRT19, and GPRC5A) were also found to be significantly correlated with the pathological stages of the disease. The results of this study provided promising prognostic biomarkers that have the potential to differentiate PDAC from both healthy and adjacent-to-tumor pancreatic tissues. Several novel dysregulated genes merit further study as potentially promising candidates for the development of more effective treatment strategies for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevcan Atay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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22
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Prostaglandin E 2 Pathway Is Dysregulated in Gastric Adenocarcinoma in a Caucasian Population. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207680. [PMID: 33081378 PMCID: PMC7589882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) represents the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The levels of prostaglandin E2, a key player in the hallmarks of cancer, are mainly regulated by prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 4 (ABCC4), involved in its synthesis and exportation, respectively, and 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 (SLCO2A1), responsible for its inactivation. Even though there are distinct molecular signatures across ethnic populations, most published studies focus on Asian populations. Our main aim was to explore the genetic expression of the aforementioned molecules in a Caucasian population. 94 “Normal” and 89 tumoral formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from GC patients were used to assess the mRNA expression of PTGS2, ABCC4, hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase 15-(NAD) (HPGD), SLCO2A1 by Real-Time PCR. We found an upregulation for the PTGS2 gene mean factor of 2.51 and a downregulation for the HPGD and SLCO2A1 genes (mean factor of 0.10 and 0.37, respectively) in tumorous mucosa in a gender-independent manner. In females, we observed an ABCC4 downregulation and a PTGS2 mRNA upregulation compared to males in tumoral mucosa (mean factor of 0.61 and 1.64, respectively). We reported dysregulation of the inflammation triggered PGE2 pathway in a Caucasian population with an intermediate risk for GC, which might highlight the applicability of aspirin in the treatment of GC patients.
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23
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Yamamoto H, Watanabe Y, Sato Y, Maehata T, Itoh F. Non-Invasive Early Molecular Detection of Gastric Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2880. [PMID: 33036473 PMCID: PMC7600616 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant source of global cancer death with a high mortality rate, because the majority of patients with GC are diagnosed at a late stage, with limited therapeutic choices and poor outcomes. Therefore, development of minimally invasive or noninvasive biomarkers which are specific to GC is crucially needed. The latest advancements in the understanding of GC molecular landscapes and molecular biological methods have accelerated attempts to diagnose GC at an early stage. Body fluids, including peripheral blood, saliva, gastric juice/wash, urine, and others, can be a source of biomarkers, offering new methods for the early detection of GC. Liquid biopsy-based methods using circulating sources of cancer nucleic acids could also be considered as alternative strategies. Moreover, investigating gastric juices/washes could represent an alternative for the detection of GC via invasive biopsy. This review summarizes recently reported biomarkers based on DNA methylation, microRNA, long noncoding RNA, circular RNA, or extracellular vesicles (exosomes) for the detection of GC. Although the majority of studies have been conducted to detect these alterations in advanced-stage GC and only a few in population studies or early-stage GC, some biomarkers are potentially valuable for the development of novel approaches for an early noninvasive detection of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan; (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (T.M.); (F.I.)
| | - Yoshiyuki Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan; (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (T.M.); (F.I.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Rinko General Hospital, Kawasaki 210-0806, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Sato
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan; (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (T.M.); (F.I.)
| | - Tadateru Maehata
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan; (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (T.M.); (F.I.)
| | - Fumio Itoh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan; (Y.W.); (Y.S.); (T.M.); (F.I.)
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24
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Zhang K, Zhang L, Mi Y, Tang Y, Ren F, Liu B, Zhang Y, Zheng P. A ceRNA network and a potential regulatory axis in gastric cancer with different degrees of immune cell infiltration. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4041-4050. [PMID: 32860283 PMCID: PMC7648034 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cell infiltration is an important indicator of whether tumor patients will benefit from immunotherapy. Gastric cancer is one of the most common tumors in the world, and new indicators of immunotherapy are urgently needed. The aim of this study was to construct ceRNA networks in gastric cancer with different degrees of immune cell infiltration. We analyzed the expression profiles of different gastric cancer with different degrees of immune cell infiltration retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and found differentially expressed lncRNAs, mRNAs, and miRNAs. A ceRNA regulatory network of gastric cancer with different degrees of immune cell infiltration was constructed using functional annotation, RNA‐RNA interaction prediction, correlation analysis, survival analysis, and other comprehensive bioinformatics methods. The interaction and correlation between ceRNAs were verified using experiments on tumor tissues and cell lines. Cell line experiments showed a potential RP11‐1094M14.8/miR‐1269a/CXCL9 axis that was consistent with the ceRNA theory. qRT‐PCR results showed that RP11‐1094M14.8 knockdown significantly reduced the expression of CXCL9, and RP11‐1094M14.8 overexpression had the opposite effect. The results of clinical analysis of gastric cancer samples showed that RP11‐1094M14.8 and CXCL9 were highly expressed in hot tumors, and CXCL9 was positively correlated with a better prognosis for patients. The constructed novel ceRNA network and the potential regulatory axis may provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential mechanisms of development in gastric cancer with different degrees of immune cell infiltration. The RP11‐1094M14.8/miR‐1269a/CXCL9 axis may serve as a potential immune‐therapeutic target for gastric cancer with different degrees of immune cell infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Mi
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - YouCai Tang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - FeiFei Ren
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - PengYuan Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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25
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Li W, Chen QF, Huang T, Wu P, Shen L, Huang ZL. Identification and Validation of a Prognostic lncRNA Signature for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:780. [PMID: 32587825 PMCID: PMC7298074 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: An accumulating body of evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can serve as potential cancer prognostic factors. However, the utility of lncRNA combinations in estimating overall survival (OS) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to construct a powerful lncRNA signature related to the OS for HCC to enhance prognostic accuracy. Methods: The expression patterns of lncRNAs and related clinical data of 371 HCC patients were obtained based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were acquired by comparing tumors with adjacent normal samples. lncRNAs displaying significant association with OS were screened through univariate Cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. All cases were classified into the validation or training group at the ratio of 3:7 to validate the constructed lncRNA signature. Data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used for external validation. We conducted real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and assays for Transwell invasion, migration, CCK-8, and colony formation to determine the biological roles of lncRNA. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of the lncRNA model risk score was also conducted. Results: We identified 1292 DElncRNAs, among which 172 were significant in univariate Cox regression analysis. In the training group (n = 263), LASSO regression analysis confirmed 11 DElncRNAs including AC010547.1, AC010280.2, AC015712.7, GACAT3 (gastric cancer associated transcript 3), AC079466.1, AC089983.1, AC051618.1, AL121721.1, LINC01747, LINC01517, and AC008750.3. The prognostic risk score was calculated, and the constructed risk model showed significant correlation with HCC OS (log-rank P-value of 8.489e-9, hazard ratio of 3.648, 95% confidence interval: 2.238-5.945). The area under the curve (AUC) for this lncRNA model was up to 0.846. This risk model was confirmed in the validation group (n = 108), the entire cohort, and the external GEO dataset (n = 203). GACAT3 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cell lines. Based on online databases, GACAT3 expression independently affects both OS and disease-free survival in HCC patients. Silencing GACAT3 in vitro significantly suppressed HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Moreover, pathways related to the lncRNA model risk score were confirmed by GSEA. Conclusion: The lncRNA signature established in this study can be used to predict HCC prognosis, which could provide novel clinical evidence to guide targeted HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peihong Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lujun Shen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Lin Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Wu KZ, Zhang CD, Zhang C, Pei JP, Dai DQ. miR-665 Suppresses the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Progression of Gastric Cancer by Targeting CRIM1. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:3489-3501. [PMID: 32523379 PMCID: PMC7237120 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s241795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common aggressive cancers and is characterized by high mortality. Increasing evidence has shown that microRNA-665 (miRNA-665) serves as inhibiting-miRNA in cancers. However, the role of miR-665 in GC is yet unclear. Methods miR-665 was first analyzed using bioinformatics. Subsequent quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect miR-665 expression levels in different GC cell lines and tissues. The function of miR-665 in GC cells was determined via Cell Counting Kit 8, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. Furthermore, Western blotting was utilized to measure the expression level of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins. The target prediction and luciferase reporter assays were performed to confirm the binding between miR-665 and 3ʹ-UTR of the CRIM1 gene. In addition, rescue assays were used to determine whether CRIM1 upregulation abolished the inhibitory effect of miR-665. Results The expression of miR-665 was significantly decreased in GC patients and GC cell lines. Clinical and pathological analyses showed that the low expression of miR-665 was significantly associated with high TNM stage (P = 0.007), distant metastasis (P = 0.031), and poor differentiation (P = 0.029). Endogenic mimics of miR-665 remarkably suppressed GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT in in vitro experiments. Inhibition of miR-665 expression induced the opposite effects. The results of the bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase assay showed that miR-665 targeted the 3ʹ-UTR of the CRIM1 gene. Rescue assays revealed that overexpression of CRIM1 attenuated the inhibitory effects of miR-665 in GC progression and EMT. Conclusion The overall study results demonstrated that miR-665 inhibits tumor progression and EMT in GC by targeting CRIM1, indicating that miR-665 might be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Zhe Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Dong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Peng Pei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Qiu Dai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, People's Republic of China
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27
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High Expression of TTYH3 is Related to Poor Clinical Outcomes in Human Gastric Cancer. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8111762. [PMID: 31652813 PMCID: PMC6912211 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels play important roles in regulating various cellular processes and malignant transformation. Expressions of some chloride channels have been suggested to be associated with patient survival in gastric cancer (GC). However, little is known about the expression and function of TTYH3, a gene encoding a chloride ion channel, in cancer progression. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the expression of TTYH3 and its clinical outcome in GC using publicly available cancer gene expression and patient survival data through various databases. We examined the differences of TTYH3 expression between cancers and their normal tissues using the Oncomine, UALCAN, and GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) databases. TTYH3 expression was investigated from immunohistochemistry images using the Human Protein Atlas database. Copy number alterations and mutations of TTYH3 were analyzed using cBioPortal. The co-expression profile of TTYH3 in GC was revealed using Oncomine. The gene ontology and pathway analyses were done using those co-expressed genes via the Enrichr tool to explore the predicted signaling pathways in GC. TTYH3 mRNA and protein levels in GC were significantly greater than those in normal tissue. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed the upregulation of TTYH3 expression, which was significantly correlated with worse patient survival. Collectively, our data suggest that TTYH3 might be a potential prognostic marker for GC patients.
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