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Ito Y, Furuya F, Taki K, Suzuki H, Shimura H. NKX2-1 re-expression induces cell death through apoptosis and necrosis in dedifferentiated thyroid carcinoma cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259558. [PMID: 34748583 PMCID: PMC8575255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
NK2 homeobox 1 (NKX2-1) is a thyroid transcription factor essential for proper thyroid formation and maintaining its physiological function. In thyroid cancer, NKX2-1 expression decreases in parallel with declined differentiation. However, the molecular pathways and mechanisms connecting NKX2-1 to thyroid cancer phenotypes are largely unknown. This study aimed to examine the effects of NKX2-1 re-expression on dedifferentiated thyroid cancer cell death and explore the underlying mechanisms. A human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line lacking NKX2-1 expression was infected with an adenoviral vector containing Nkx2-1. Cell viability decreased after Nkx2-1 transduction and apoptosis and necrosis were detected. Arginase 2 (ARG2), regulator of G protein signaling 4 (RGS4), and RGS5 mRNA expression was greatly increased in Nkx2-1-transducted cells. After suppressing these genes by siRNA, cell death, apoptosis, and necrosis decreased in RGS4 knockdown cells. These findings demonstrated that cell death was induced via apoptosis and necrosis by NKX2-1 re-expression and involves RGS4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ito
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Furuya
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Katsumi Taki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujiyoshida Municipal Medical Center, Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hideaki Suzuki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan
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2
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Burlet B, Ramla S, Fournier C, Abrey-Recalde MJ, Sauter C, Chrétien ML, Rossi C, Duffourd Y, Ragot S, Buriller C, Tournier B, Chapusot C, Nadal N, Racine J, Guy J, Bailly F, Martin L, Casasnovas O, Bastie JN, Caillot D, Albuisson J, Broccardo C, Thieblemont C, Delva L, Maynadié M, Aucagne R, Callanan MB. Identification of novel, clonally stable, somatic mutations targeting transcription factors PAX5 and NKX2-3, the epigenetic regulator LRIF1, and BRAF in a case of atypical B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia harboring a t(14;18)(q32;q21). Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2021; 7:mcs.a005934. [PMID: 33608382 PMCID: PMC7903887 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a005934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is usually straightforward, involving clinical, immunophenotypic (Matutes score), and (immuno)genetic analyses (to refine patient prognosis for treatment). CLL cases with atypical presentation (e.g., Matutes ≤ 3) are also encountered, and for these diseases, biology and prognostic impact are less clear. Here we report the genomic characterization of a case of atypical B-CLL in a 70-yr-old male patient; B-CLL cells showed a Matutes score of 3, chromosomal translocation t(14;18)(q32;q21) (BCL2/IGH), mutated IGHV, deletion 17p, and mutations in BCL2, NOTCH1 (subclonal), and TP53 (subclonal). Quite strikingly, a novel PAX5 mutation that was predicted to be loss of function was also seen. Exome sequencing identified, in addition, a potentially actionable BRAF mutation, together with novel somatic mutations affecting the homeobox transcription factor NKX2-3, known to control B-lymphocyte development and homing, and the epigenetic regulator LRIF1, which is implicated in chromatin compaction and gene silencing. Neither NKX2-3 nor LRIF1 mutations, predicted to be loss of function, have previously been reported in B-CLL. Sequencing confirmed the presence of these mutations together with BCL2, NOTCH1, and BRAF mutations, with the t(14;18)(q32;q21) translocation, in the initial diagnostic sample obtained 12 yr prior. This is suggestive of a role for these novel mutations in B-CLL initiation and stable clonal evolution, including upon treatment withdrawal. This case extends the spectrum of atypical B-CLL with t(14;18)(q32;q21) and highlights the value of more global precision genomics for patient follow-up and treatment in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Burlet
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Unit for innovation in genetics and epigenetics in oncology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Selim Ramla
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Department of Pathology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Cyril Fournier
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Unit for innovation in genetics and epigenetics in oncology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Maria Jimena Abrey-Recalde
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Camille Sauter
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Marie-Lorraine Chrétien
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Hematology Laboratory, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Cédric Rossi
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Department of Clinical Hematology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Yannis Duffourd
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Sylviane Ragot
- Unit for innovation in genetics and epigenetics in oncology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Céline Buriller
- Genetics Laboratory, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Benjamin Tournier
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Unit for innovation in genetics and epigenetics in oncology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France.,Department of Pathology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Caroline Chapusot
- Department of Pathology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Nathalie Nadal
- Genetics Laboratory, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Jessica Racine
- Hematology Laboratory, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Julien Guy
- Hematology Laboratory, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - François Bailly
- Hematology Laboratory, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Martin
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Department of Pathology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Casasnovas
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Department of Clinical Hematology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Noël Bastie
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Department of Clinical Hematology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Denis Caillot
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Department of Clinical Hematology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Juliette Albuisson
- Oncogenetics laboratory, Centre George François Leclerc, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Cyril Broccardo
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Inserm UMR1037, Université de Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Thieblemont
- Department of Hemato-oncology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France.,Université de Paris, NF-kappaB, Différenciation et Cancer, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Delva
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Marc Maynadié
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Hematology Laboratory, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France.,Registre des hémopathies malignes de Côte d'Or, University of Burgundy, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Romain Aucagne
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Unit for innovation in genetics and epigenetics in oncology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Mary B Callanan
- University of Burgundy-ISITE-BFC-Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) UMR1231, Faculty of Medicine, 21079 Dijon, France.,Unit for innovation in genetics and epigenetics in oncology, Dijon University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France
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4
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Nagel S, Pommerenke C, MacLeod RAF, Meyer C, Kaufmann M, Drexler HG. The NKL-code for innate lymphoid cells reveals deregulated expression of NKL homeobox genes HHEX and HLX in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Oncotarget 2020; 11:3208-3226. [PMID: 32922661 PMCID: PMC7456612 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
NKL homeobox genes encode developmental transcription factors and display an NKL-code according to their physiological expression pattern in hematopoiesis. Here, we analyzed public transcriptome data from primary innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) for NKL homeobox gene activities and found that ILC3 expressed exclusively HHEX while in ILC1 and ILC2 these genes were silenced. Deregulation of the NKL-code promotes hematopoietic malignancies, including anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) which reportedly may derive from ILC3. Accordingly, we analyzed NKL homeobox gene activities in ALCL cell lines and investigated their role in this malignancy. Transcriptome analyses demonstrated low expression levels of HHEX but powerfully activated HLX. Forced expression of HHEX in ALCL cell lines induced genes involved in apoptosis and ILC3 differentiation, indicating tumor suppressor activity. ALCL associated NPM1-ALK and JAK-STAT3-signalling drove enhanced expression of HLX while discounting HHEX. Genomic profiling revealed copy number gains at the loci of HLX and STAT3 in addition to genes encoding both STAT3 regulators (AURKA, BCL3, JAK3, KPNB1, NAMPT, NFAT5, PIM3, ROCK1, SIX1, TPX2, WWOX) and targets (BATF3, IRF4, miR135b, miR21, RORC). Transcriptome data of ALCL cell lines showed absence of STAT3 mutations while MGA was mutated and downregulated, encoding a novel potential STAT3 repressor. Furthermore, enhanced IL17F-signalling activated HLX while TGFbeta-signalling inhibited HHEX expression. Taken together, our data extend the scope of the NKL-code for ILCs and spotlight aberrant expression of NKL homeobox gene HLX in ALCL. HLX represents a direct target of ALCL hallmark factor STAT3 and deregulates cell survival and differentiation in this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Nagel
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz Institute, DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Claudia Pommerenke
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz Institute, DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roderick A F MacLeod
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz Institute, DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Corinna Meyer
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz Institute, DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maren Kaufmann
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz Institute, DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hans G Drexler
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz Institute, DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
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