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Jang S, Kim US, Lee S, Kim E, Jung HS, Shin SJ, Kang S, Chang I, Kim S. Biological Function and Potential Applications of Garcinol in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. J Endod 2023; 49:1652-1659. [PMID: 37657731 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The regeneration of pulp tissue is crucial for true regenerative endodontic treatment, which requires a reduction in osteogenic differentiation. Garcinol, a histone acetyltransferase inhibitor, is a natural regulator that is known to suppress the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. In this study, the inhibitory effect of garcinol on the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) was evaluated using three-dimensional culture under in vitro and in vivo conditions. METHODS hDPSCs were obtained from caries-free third molars and cultured with 10 μM garcinol for 7 days in an ultra-low attachment plate. The cell stemness and expression of osteogenic differentiation-related genes were analyzed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and single-cell analysis. A transplantation experiment was performed in mice to investigate whether garcinol-treated hDPSCs showed restrained osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS hDPSCs cultured in the U-shaped ultra-low attachment plate showed the highest expression of stemness-related genes. Garcinol-treated hDPSCs demonstrated downregulation of osteogenic differentiation, with lower expression of bone sialoprotein, which is related to bone formation, and higher expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein, which is related to dentin formation. However, the garcinol-treated hDPSCs did not show any alterations in their stemness. Consistent results were observed in the transplantation experiment in mice. CONCLUSIONS Garcinol reduced the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs, which can contribute to true regenerative endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmi Jang
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Uk-Seong Kim
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sukjoon Lee
- Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Euiseong Kim
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su-Jung Shin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sumi Kang
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Insoon Chang
- Section of Endodontics, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Science, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sunil Kim
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.
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2
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Berndt-Paetz M, Han S, Weimann A, Reinhold A, Nürnberger S, Neuhaus J. Cell Line-Based Human Bladder Organoids with Bladder-like Self-Organization-A New Standardized Approach in Bladder Cancer Research. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2958. [PMID: 38001959 PMCID: PMC10669858 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional tumor models have gained significant importance in bladder cancer (BCa) research. Organoids consisting of different cell types better mimic solid tumors in terms of 3D architecture, proliferation, cell-cell interaction and drug responses. We developed four organoids from human BCa cell lines with fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells of the bladder, aiming to find models for BCa research. The organoids were characterized in terms of cytokeratins, vimentin, α-actin and KI67 by immunoreactivity. Further, we studied ligand-dependent activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and investigated the responses to anti-tumor therapies. The organoids mimicked the structure of an inverse bladder wall, with outside urothelial cells and a core of supportive cells. The cytokeratin staining patterns and proliferation rate were in conjunction with the origins of the BCa cells. RT-112 even showed stratification of the epithelium. Treatment with Wnt10B led to increased β-catenin (active) levels in high-grade organoids, but not in low-grade BCa cells. Doxorubicin treatment resulted in clearly reduced viability (10-30% vs. untreated). In contrast, the effectivity of radiotherapy depended on the proliferation status of BCa cells. In conclusion, cell-line-based organoids can form bladder-like structures and reproduce in vivo features such as urothelial differentiation and stratification. Thus, they can be useful tools for functional studies in BCa and anti-cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Berndt-Paetz
- Department of Urology, Research Laboratories, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (A.W.); (A.R.); (S.N.)
| | - Shanfu Han
- Clinical Apartment, Cornerstone MedTech (Beijing) Limited, Beijing 100005, China;
| | - Annett Weimann
- Department of Urology, Research Laboratories, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (A.W.); (A.R.); (S.N.)
| | - Annabell Reinhold
- Department of Urology, Research Laboratories, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (A.W.); (A.R.); (S.N.)
| | - Sandra Nürnberger
- Department of Urology, Research Laboratories, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (A.W.); (A.R.); (S.N.)
| | - Jochen Neuhaus
- Department of Urology, Research Laboratories, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (A.W.); (A.R.); (S.N.)
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3
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Gu Y, Lu Y, Xiong Y, Zhan X, Liu T, Tang M, Xie A, Liu X, Fu B. Advances in the bladder cancer research using 3D culture models. Bladder (San Franc) 2023; 10:e21200005. [PMID: 37936584 PMCID: PMC10627085 DOI: 10.14440/bladder.2023.856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer represents the most common malignancy of the urinary system, posing a significant threat to patients' life. Animal models and two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures, among other traditional models, have been used for years to study various aspects of bladder cancer. However, these methods are subject to various limitations when mimicking the tumor microenvironment in vivo, thus hindering the further improvement of bladder cancer treatments. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) culture models have attracted extensive attention since they overcome the shortcomings of their traditional counterparts. Most importantly, 3D culture models more accurately reproduce the tumor microenvironment in the human body because they can recapitulate the cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. 3D culture models can thereby help us gain deeper insight into the bladder cancer. The 3D culture models of tumor cells can extend the culture duration and allow for co-culturing with different cell types. Study of patient-specific bladder cancer mutations and subtypes is made possible by the ability to preserve cells isolated from particular patients in 3D culture models. It will be feasible to develop customized treatments that target relevant signaling pathways or biomarkers. This article reviews the development, application, advantages, and limitations of traditional modeling systems and 3D culture models used in the study of bladder cancer and discusses the potential application of 3D culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexin Gu
- Cyberiad Intelligent Technology, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Cyberiad Intelligent Technology, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Yunqiang Xiong
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiangpeng Zhan
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Taobin Liu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Min Tang
- Cyberiad Intelligent Technology, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - An Xie
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
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4
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Liu Y, Wu W, Cai C, Zhang H, Shen H, Han Y. Patient-derived xenograft models in cancer therapy: technologies and applications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:160. [PMID: 37045827 PMCID: PMC10097874 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01419-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, in which tumor tissues from patients are implanted into immunocompromised or humanized mice, have shown superiority in recapitulating the characteristics of cancer, such as the spatial structure of cancer and the intratumor heterogeneity of cancer. Moreover, PDX models retain the genomic features of patients across different stages, subtypes, and diversified treatment backgrounds. Optimized PDX engraftment procedures and modern technologies such as multi-omics and deep learning have enabled a more comprehensive depiction of the PDX molecular landscape and boosted the utilization of PDX models. These irreplaceable advantages make PDX models an ideal choice in cancer treatment studies, such as preclinical trials of novel drugs, validating novel drug combinations, screening drug-sensitive patients, and exploring drug resistance mechanisms. In this review, we gave an overview of the history of PDX models and the process of PDX model establishment. Subsequently, the review presents the strengths and weaknesses of PDX models and highlights the integration of novel technologies in PDX model research. Finally, we delineated the broad application of PDX models in chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and other novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wantao Wu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Changjing Cai
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
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5
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Jung M, Ghamrawi S, Du EY, Gooding JJ, Kavallaris M. Advances in 3D Bioprinting for Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine: From Matrix Design to Application. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200690. [PMID: 35866252 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is highly complex owing to its heterogeneous composition and dynamic nature. This makes tumors difficult to replicate using traditional 2D cell culture models that are frequently used for studying tumor biology and drug screening. This often leads to poor translation of results between in vitro and in vivo and is reflected in the extremely low success rates of new candidate drugs delivered to the clinic. Therefore, there has been intense interest in developing 3D tumor models in the laboratory that are representative of the in vivo tumor microenvironment and patient samples. 3D bioprinting is an emerging technology that enables the biofabrication of structures with the virtue of providing accurate control over distribution of cells, biological molecules, and matrix scaffolding. This technology has the potential to bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo by closely recapitulating the tumor microenvironment. Here, a brief overview of the tumor microenvironment is provided and key considerations in biofabrication of tumor models are discussed. Bioprinting techniques and choice of bioinks for both natural and synthetic polymers are also outlined. Lastly, current bioprinted tumor models are reviewed and the perspectives of how clinical applications can greatly benefit from 3D bioprinting technologies are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- MoonSun Jung
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Center, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sarah Ghamrawi
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Center, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Eric Y Du
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Center, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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6
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Luiz MT, Dutra JAP, Ribeiro TDC, Carvalho GC, Sábio RM, Marchetti JM, Chorilli M. Folic acid-modified curcumin-loaded liposomes for breast cancer therapy. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Medle B, Sjödahl G, Eriksson P, Liedberg F, Höglund M, Bernardo C. Patient-Derived Bladder Cancer Organoid Models in Tumor Biology and Drug Testing: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092062. [PMID: 35565191 PMCID: PMC9104249 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Primary culture of cancer cells from patient tumors in a physiologically relevant system can provide information about tumor biology, disentangle the role of different cell types within the tumors, and give information about drug sensitivity for the development of cancer-targeted therapies and precision medicine. This requires the use of well-characterized and easily expandable tumor models. This review focuses on 3D models developed from primary human tissue including normal urothelium or bladder cancer samples, the characteristics of the models, and to what extent the organoids represent the diversity observed among human tumors. Abstract Bladder cancer is a common and highly heterogeneous malignancy with a relatively poor outcome. Patient-derived tumor organoid cultures have emerged as a preclinical model with improved biomimicity. However, the impact of the different methods being used in the composition and dynamics of the models remains unknown. This study aims to systematically review the literature regarding patient-derived organoid models for normal and cancer tissue of the bladder, and their current and potential future applications for tumor biology studies and drug testing. A PRISMA-compliant systematic review of the PubMED, Embase, Web of Sciences, and Scopus databases was performed. The results were analyzed based on the methodologies, comparison with primary tumors, functional analysis, and chemotherapy and immunotherapy testing. The literature search identified 536 articles, 24 of which met the inclusion criteria. Bladder cancer organoid models have been increasingly used for tumor biology studies and drug screening. Despite the heterogeneity between methods, organoids and primary tissues showed high genetic and phenotypic concordance. Organoid sensitivity to chemotherapy matched the response in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and predicted response based on clinical and mutation data. Advances in bioengineering technology, such as microfluidic devices, bioprinters, and imaging, are likely to further standardize and expand the use of organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Medle
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81 Lund, Sweden; (B.M.); (P.E.); (M.H.)
| | - Gottfrid Sjödahl
- Division of Clinical and Experimental Urothelial Carcinoma Research, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö and Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, Jan Waldenströms Gata 5, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden; (G.S.); (F.L.)
| | - Pontus Eriksson
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81 Lund, Sweden; (B.M.); (P.E.); (M.H.)
| | - Fredrik Liedberg
- Division of Clinical and Experimental Urothelial Carcinoma Research, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö and Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, Jan Waldenströms Gata 5, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden; (G.S.); (F.L.)
| | - Mattias Höglund
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81 Lund, Sweden; (B.M.); (P.E.); (M.H.)
| | - Carina Bernardo
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81 Lund, Sweden; (B.M.); (P.E.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-73-032-48-78
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8
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Regan JL. Immunofluorescence staining of colorectal cancer patient-derived organoids. Methods Cell Biol 2022; 171:163-171. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Spheroids of Bladder Smooth Muscle Cells for Bladder Tissue Engineering. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9391575. [PMID: 34805410 PMCID: PMC8601859 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9391575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based tissue engineering (TE) has been proposed to improve treatment outcomes in end-stage bladder disease, but TE approaches with 2D smooth muscle cell (SMC) culture have so far been unsuccessful. Here, we report the development of primary bladder-derived 3D SMC spheroids that outperform 2D SMC cultures in differentiation, maturation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) production. Bladder SMC spheroids were compared with 2D cultures using live-dead staining, qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting to investigate culture conditions, contractile phenotype, and ECM deposition. The SMC spheroids were viable for up to 14 days and differentiated rather than proliferating. Spheroids predominantly expressed the late myogenic differentiation marker MyH11, whereas 2D SMC expressed more of the general SMC differentiation marker α-SMA and less MyH11. Furthermore, the expression of bladder wall-specific ECM proteins in SMC spheroids was markedly higher. This first establishment and analysis of primary bladder SMC spheroids are particularly promising for TE because differentiated SMCs and ECM deposition are a prerequisite to building a functional bladder wall substitute. We were able to confirm that SMC spheroids are promising building blocks for studying detrusor regeneration in detail and may provide improved function and regenerative potential, contributing to taking bladder TE a significant step forward.
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10
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Itzhaki E, Hadad E, Moskovits N, Stemmer SM, Margel S. Tumor-Targeted Fluorescent Proteinoid Nanocapsules Encapsulating Synergistic Drugs for Personalized Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:648. [PMID: 34358074 PMCID: PMC8308547 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Personalized cancer treatment based on specific mutations offers targeted therapy and is preferred over "standard" chemotherapy. Proteinoid polymers produced by thermal step-growth polymerization of amino acids may form nanocapsules (NCs) that encapsulate drugs overcoming miscibility problems and allowing passive targeted delivery with reduced side effects. The arginine-glycine-glutamic acid (RGD) sequence is known for its preferential attraction to αvβ3 integrin, which is highly expressed on neovascular endothelial cells that support tumor growth. Here, tumor-targeted RGD-based proteinoid NCs entrapping a synergistic combination of Palbociclib (Pal) and Alpelisib (Alp) were synthesized by self-assembly to induce the reduction of tumor cell growth in different types of cancers. The diameters of the hollow and drug encapsulating poly(RGD) NCs were 34 ± 5 and 22 ± 3 nm, respectively; thereby, their drug targeted efficiency is due to both passive and active targeting. The encapsulation yield of Pal and Alp was 70 and 90%, respectively. In vitro experiments with A549, MCF7 and HCT116 human cancer cells demonstrate a synergistic effect of Pal and Alp, controlled release and dose dependence. Preliminary results in a 3D tumor spheroid model with cells derived from patient-derived xenografts of colon cancer illustrate disassembly of spheroids, indicating that the NCs have therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Itzhaki
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; (E.I.); (E.H.)
| | - Elad Hadad
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; (E.I.); (E.H.)
| | - Neta Moskovits
- Davidoff Center, Rabin and Felsenstein Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel; (N.M.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Salomon M. Stemmer
- Davidoff Center, Rabin and Felsenstein Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel; (N.M.); (S.M.S.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shlomo Margel
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; (E.I.); (E.H.)
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11
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Regan JL, Schumacher D, Staudte S, Steffen A, Lesche R, Toedling J, Jourdan T, Haybaeck J, Mumberg D, Henderson D, Győrffy B, Regenbrecht CRA, Keilholz U, Schäfer R, Lange M. RNA sequencing of long-term label-retaining colon cancer stem cells identifies novel regulators of quiescence. iScience 2021; 24:102618. [PMID: 34142064 PMCID: PMC8185225 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data suggest that therapy-resistant quiescent cancer stem cells (qCSCs) are the source of relapse in colon cancer. Here, using colon cancer patient-derived organoids and xenografts, we identify rare long-term label-retaining qCSCs that can re-enter the cell cycle to generate new tumors. RNA sequencing analyses demonstrated that these cells display the molecular hallmarks of quiescent tissue stem cells, including expression of p53 signaling genes, and are enriched for transcripts common to damage-induced quiescent revival stem cells of the regenerating intestine. In addition, we identify negative regulators of cell cycle, downstream of p53, that we show are indicators of poor prognosis and may be targeted for qCSC abolition in both p53 wild-type and mutant tumors. These data support the temporal inhibition of downstream targets of p53 signaling, in combination with standard-of-care treatments, for the elimination of qCSCs and prevention of relapse in colon cancer. Colon tumors contain therapy-resistant quiescent cancer stem cells (qCSCs) qCSC gene expression mirrors that of quiescent stem cells of the regenerating gut qCSCs are enriched for p53 signaling genes qCSC elimination may be achieved by inhibiting downstream targets of p53 signaling
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Regan
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Schumacher
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Staudte
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Lesche
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,Nuvisan ICB GmbH, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joern Toedling
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,Nuvisan ICB GmbH, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thibaud Jourdan
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Dominik Mumberg
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Henderson
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.,TTK Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christian R A Regenbrecht
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,CELLphenomics GmbH, 13125 Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Keilholz
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Lange
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany.,Nuvisan ICB GmbH, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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12
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Zhu S, Zhu Z, Ma AH, Sonpavde GP, Cheng F, Pan CX. Preclinical Models for Bladder Cancer Research. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2021; 35:613-632. [PMID: 33958154 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
At diagnosis, more than 70% of bladder cancers (BCs) are at the non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) stages, which are usually treated with transurethral resection followed by intravesical instillation. For the remaining advanced cancers, systemic therapy is the standard of care, with addition of radical cystectomy in cases of locally advanced cancer. Because of the difference in treatment modalities, different models are needed to advance the care of NMIBC and advanced BC. This article gives a comprehensive review of both in vitro and in vivo BC models and compares the advantages and drawbacks of these preclinical systems in BC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoming Zhu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Hubei Province, 430060, China; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, USA
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ai-Hong Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, 2700 Stockton BLVD, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Guru P Sonpavde
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard University, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Hubei Province, 430060, China.
| | - Chong-Xian Pan
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA.
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Decarli MC, do Amaral RLF, Dos Santos DP, Tofani LB, Katayama E, Rezende RA, Silva JVLD, Swiech K, Suazo CAT, Mota C, Moroni L, Moraes ÂM. Cell spheroids as a versatile research platform: formation mechanisms, high throughput production, characterization and applications. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 33592595 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abe6f2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional cell culture has tremendous advantages to closely mimic the in vivo architecture and microenvironment of healthy tissue and organs, as well as of solid tumors. Spheroids are currently the most attractive 3D model to produce uniform reproducible cell structures as well as a potential basis for engineering large tissues and complex organs. In this review we discuss, from an engineering perspective, processes to obtain uniform 3D cell spheroids, comparing dynamic and static cultures and considering aspects such as mass transfer and shear stress. In addition, computational and mathematical modelling of complex cell spheroid systems are discussed. The non-cell-adhesive hydrogel-based method and dynamic cell culture in bioreactors are focused in detail and the myriad of developed spheroid characterization techniques is presented. The main bottlenecks and weaknesses are discussed, especially regarding the analysis of morphological parameters, cell quantification and viability, gene expression profiles, metabolic behavior and high-content analysis. Finally, a vast set of applications of spheroids as tools for in vitro study model systems is examined, including drug screening, tissue formation, pathologies development, tissue engineering and biofabrication, 3D bioprinting and microfluidics, together with their use in high-throughput platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monize Caiado Decarli
- School of Chemical Engineering/Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, University of Campinas, Av. Albert Einstein, 500 - Bloco A - Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-852, BRAZIL
| | - Robson Luis Ferraz do Amaral
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto/Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, no number, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, BRAZIL
| | - Diogo Peres Dos Santos
- Departament of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz (SP-310), km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, BRAZIL
| | - Larissa Bueno Tofani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto/Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, no number, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, BRAZIL
| | - Eric Katayama
- Departament of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz (SP-310), km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, BRAZIL
| | - Rodrigo Alvarenga Rezende
- Centro de Tecnologia da Informacao Renato Archer, Rod. Dom Pedro I (SP-65), km 143,6 - Amarais, Campinas, SP, 13069-901, BRAZIL
| | - Jorge Vicente Lopes da Silva
- Centro de Tecnologia da Informacao Renato Archer, Rod. Dom Pedro I (SP-65), km 143,6 - Amarais, Campinas, SP, 13069-901, BRAZIL
| | - Kamilla Swiech
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto/Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14040-903, BRAZIL
| | - Cláudio Alberto Torres Suazo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz (SP-310), km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, BRAZIL
| | - Carlos Mota
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration (CTR), University of Maastricht , Universiteitssingel, 40, office 3.541A, Maastricht, 6229 ER, NETHERLANDS
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Universiteitsingel, 40, Maastricht, 6229ER, NETHERLANDS
| | - Ângela Maria Moraes
- School of Chemical Engineering/Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, University of Campinas, Av. Albert Einstein, 500 - Bloco A - Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-852, BRAZIL
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