1
|
Yoon SM, Bazan JG. Navigating Breast Cancer Oligometastasis and Oligoprogression: Current Landscape and Future Directions. Curr Oncol Rep 2024; 26:647-664. [PMID: 38652425 PMCID: PMC11168988 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01529-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examine the potential for curative approaches among metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients by exploring the recent literature on local ablative therapies like surgery and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with oligometastatic (OM) breast cancer. We also cover therapies for MBC patients with oligoprogressive (OP) disease. KEY FINDINGS Surgery and SBRT have been studied for OM and OP breast cancer, mainly in retrospective or non-randomized trials. While many studies demonstrated favorable results, a cooperative study and single-institution trial found no support for surgery/SBRT in OM and OP cases, respectively. CONCLUSION While there is interest in applying local therapies to OM and OP breast cancer, the current randomized data does not back the routine use of surgery or SBRT, particularly when considering the potential for treatment-related toxicities. Future research should refine patient selection through advanced imaging and possibly explore these therapies specifically in patients with hormone receptor-positive or HER2-positive disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Yoon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jose G Bazan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Keigley QJ, Fowler AM, O'Brien SR, Dehdashti F. Molecular Imaging of Steroid Receptors in Breast Cancer. Cancer J 2024; 30:142-152. [PMID: 38753748 PMCID: PMC11101139 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Steroid receptors regulate gene expression for many important physiologic functions and pathologic processes. Receptors for estrogen, progesterone, and androgen have been extensively studied in breast cancer, and their expression provides prognostic information as well as targets for therapy. Noninvasive imaging utilizing positron emission tomography and radiolabeled ligands targeting these receptors can provide valuable insight into predicting treatment efficacy, staging whole-body disease burden, and identifying heterogeneity in receptor expression across different metastatic sites. This review provides an overview of steroid receptor imaging with a focus on breast cancer and radioligands for estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quinton J Keigley
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | | | - Sophia R O'Brien
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Farrokh Dehdashti
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Edward Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wilson RC, Link JM, Lee YZ, Oldan JD, Young SL, Slayden OD. Uterine Uptake of Estrogen and Progestogen-Based Radiotracers in Rhesus Macaques with Endometriosis. Mol Imaging Biol 2024; 26:334-343. [PMID: 38133866 PMCID: PMC11034810 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01892-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disorder of menstruating primates where tissues similar to the inner lining of the uterus exist "ectopically" outside of the uterus. The ectopic endometrium, like the endometrium within the uterus, expresses estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) and undergoes hormone-dependent cell proliferation and bleeding each menstrual cycle. The goal of this study was to conduct abdominopelvic positron emission tomography (PET) scans with computed tomography (CT) imaging of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) using radiotracers that target ER and PR [16α-[18F]fluoroestradiol (FES) and 12-[18F]fluoro-furanyl-nor-progesterone (FFNP)] in individuals with and without endometriosis. We also aimed to determine if menstrual cycle phase and/or the presence of endometriosis affected the uptake of these radiotracers. PROCEDURES Rhesus macaques with either clinically diagnosed endometriosis (n = 6) or no endometriosis (n = 4) underwent PET/CT scans with FES. A subset of the animals also underwent PET/CT scans with FFNP. Standard uptake values corrected for body weight (SUVs) were obtained for each radiotracer in target and background tissues (e.g., intestinal). We performed repeated measure analysis of variance tests to determine how uterine and background uptake differed with scan time, phase of the menstrual cycle, and disease state. RESULTS Abdominopelvic PET/CT could not resolve small, individual endometriotic lesions. However, macaques with endometriosis displayed higher uterine uptake compared to those without the disorder. Radiotracer uptake differed by menstrual cycle phase with increased uterine uptake of both radiotracers in the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. Background intestinal uptake of FFNP increased over time after infusion, but only during the proliferative phase. CONCLUSIONS PET/CT with FES and FFNP support the concept that ER and PR levels are altered in individuals with endometriosis. This highlights the impact of the disease on typical reproductive tract function and may provide a novel pathway for the identification of individuals with endometriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Wilson
- Department of Biology, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA, USA.
| | - Jeanne M Link
- Center for Radiochemistry Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Yueh Z Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jorge D Oldan
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Steven L Young
- Division of Reproduction Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ov D Slayden
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Covington MF, O'Brien SR, Lawhn-Heath C, Pantel AR, Ulaner GA, Linden HM, Dehdashti F. Fluorine-18-Labeled Fluoroestradiol PET/CT: Current Status, Gaps in Knowledge, and Controversies-AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2023. [PMID: 38117098 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.23.30330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
PET/CT using 16α-[18F]-fluoro-17β-estradiol (FES) noninvasively images tissues expressing estrogen receptors (ERs). FES has undergone extensive clinicopathologic validation for ER+ breast cancer and received FDA approval in 2020 for clinical use as an adjunct to biopsy in patients with recurrent or metastatic ER+ breast cancer. Clinical use of FES PET/CT is increasing, but is not widespread in the United States. This AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review explores the present status and future directions of FES PET/CT, including image interpretation, existing and emerging uses, knowledge gaps, and current controversies. Specific controversies discussed include whether both FES PET/CT and FDG PET/CT are warranted in certain scenarios, whether further workup is required after negative FES PET/CT results, whether FES PET/CT findings should inform endocrine therapy selection, and whether immunohistochemistry should remain the standalone reference standard for determining ER status for all breast cancers. Consensus opinions from the panel include agreement with the appropriate clinical uses of FES PET/CT published by a multidisciplinary expert workgroup in 2023; anticipated expanded clinical use of FES PET/CT for staging ER-positive invasive lobular carcinomas and low-grade invasive ductal carcinomas pending ongoing clinical trial results; and the need for further research regarding use of FES PET/CT for ER-expressing nonbreast malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew F Covington
- Center for Quantitative Cancer Imaging, Huntsman Cancer Institute
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah
| | - Sophia R O'Brien
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
| | - Courtney Lawhn-Heath
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco
| | - Austin R Pantel
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
| | - Gary A Ulaner
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Hoag Family Cancer Institute
- Radiology and Translational Genomics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hannah M Linden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology University of Washington, and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
| | - Farrokh Dehdashti
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Koerner AS, Zhou M, Brook A, Yoon SS, Ganjoo KN. Response to Immunotherapy in Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma: Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e50967. [PMID: 38259411 PMCID: PMC10801283 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) is an extremely rare subtype of sarcoma that appears histologically low-grade yet usually has a clinically aggressive course with a high rate of local recurrence and distant metastasis. However, these recurrences and metastases often occur years after initial treatment. Metastases can be to the lung as well as extra-pulmonary sites. In this case report, we discuss a patient who developed SEF in the deep soft tissue with metastases. This patient underwent checkpoint inhibitor therapy, with disease response. Thus, SEF is a sarcoma subtype with a unique tumor biology, and immunotherapy may be a promising avenue for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Koerner
- Surgical Oncology, Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Maggie Zhou
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Ashley Brook
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Surgical Oncology, Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Kristen N Ganjoo
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mani S, Ralph SJ, Swargiary G, Rani M, Wasnik S, Singh SP, Devi A. Therapeutic Targeting of Mitochondrial Plasticity and Redox Control to Overcome Cancer Chemoresistance. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:591-619. [PMID: 37470214 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Mitochondria are subcellular organelles performing essential metabolic functions contributing to cellular bioenergetics and regulation of cell growth or death. The basic mitochondrial function in fulfilling the need for cell growth and vitality is evidenced whereby cancer cells with depleted mitochondrial DNA (rho zero, p0 cells) no longer form tumors until newly recruited mitochondria are internalized into the rho zero cells. Herein lies the absolute dependency on mitochondria for tumor growth. Hence, mitochondria are key regulators of cell death (by apoptosis, necroptosis, or other forms of cell death) and are, therefore, important targets for anticancer therapy. Recent Advances: Mitochondrial plasticity regulating their state of fusion or fission is key to the chemoresistance properties of cancer cells by promoting pro-survival pathways, enabling the mitochondria to mitigate against the cellular stresses and extreme conditions within the tumor microenvironment caused by chemotherapy, hypoxia, or oxidative stress. Critical Issues: This review discusses many characteristics of mitochondria, the processes and pathways controlling the dynamic changes occurring in the morphology of mitochondria, the roles of reactive oxygen species, and their relationship with mitochondrial fission or fusion. It also examines the relationship of redox to mitophagy when mitochondria become compromised and its effect on cancer cell survival, stemness, and the changes accompanying malignant progression from primary tumors to metastatic disease. Future Directions: A challenging question that arises is whether the changes in mitochondrial dynamics and their regulation can provide opportunities for improving drug targeting during cancer treatment and enhancing survival outcomes. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 591-619.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Mani
- Centre for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Stephen J Ralph
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Geeta Swargiary
- Centre for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Madhu Rani
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Samiksha Wasnik
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Shashi Prakash Singh
- Special Centre of Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Annu Devi
- Special Centre of Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kairemo K, Hodolic M. Androgen Receptor Imaging in the Management of Hormone-Dependent Cancers with Emphasis on Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098235. [PMID: 37175938 PMCID: PMC10179508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is dependent on the action of steroid hormones on the receptors. Endocrine therapy inhibits hormone production or blocks the receptors, thus providing clinical benefit to many, but not all, oncological patients. It is difficult to predict which patient will benefit from endocrine therapy and which will not. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging of androgen receptors (AR) may provide functional information on the likelihood of endocrine therapy response in individual patients. In this article, we review the utility of [18F]FDHT-PET imaging in prostate, breast, and other hormone-dependent cancers expressing AR. The methodologies, development, and new possibilities are discussed as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalevi Kairemo
- Department of Molecular Radiotherapy & Nuclear Medicine, Docrates Cancer Center, 00180 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marina Hodolic
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Han DS, Walker JP, Nicklawsky A, Boxley P, Halstead NV, Tonzi M, Hecht SL, Staley A, Eguchi M, Cockburn MG, Roach JP, Saltzman AF, Cost NG. Pediatric Small Renal Masses: Can Tumor Size Predict Histology and the Potential for Nephron-sparing Surgery? J Urol 2023; 209:582-590. [PMID: 36445021 PMCID: PMC9918661 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000003092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The majority of children with unilateral renal masses suspicious for malignancy undergo radical nephrectomy, while nephron-sparing surgery is reserved for select cases. We investigated the impact of tumor size on the probability of histology. We hypothesized that pediatric small renal masses are more likely benign or non-Wilms tumor, thus potentially appropriate for nephron-sparing surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS The SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) database was analyzed for patients aged 0-18 years diagnosed with a unilateral renal mass from 2000-2016. Statistical analysis was performed to help determine a tumor size cut point to predict Wilms tumor and assess the predictive value of tumor size on Wilms tumor histology. Additionally, a retrospective review was performed of patients 0-18 years old who underwent surgery for a unilateral renal mass at a single institution from 2005-2019. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the predictive value of tumor size on final histology. RESULTS From the SEER analysis, 2,016 patients were included. A total of 1,672 tumors (82.9%) were Wilms tumor. Analysis revealed 4 cm to be a suitable cut point to distinguish non-Wilms tumor. Tumors ≥4 cm were more likely Wilms tumor (OR 2.67, P ≤ .001), but this was driven by the statistical significance in children 5-9 years old. From the institutional analysis, 134 patients were included. Ninety-seven tumors (72.3%) were Wilms tumor. Tumors ≥4 cm had higher odds of being Wilms tumor (OR 30.85, P = .001), malignant (OR 6.75, P = .005), and having radical nephrectomy-appropriate histology (OR 46.79, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The probability that a pediatric unilateral renal mass is Wilms tumor increases with tumor size. Four centimeters is a logical cut point to start the conversation around defining pediatric small renal masses and may help predict nephron-sparing surgery-appropriate histology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Han
- Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Jonathan P. Walker
- University of Tennessee College of Medicine Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN
| | | | - Peter Boxley
- University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - N. Valeska Halstead
- University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Michael Tonzi
- University of Tennessee College of Medicine Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN
| | | | - Alyse Staley
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO
| | - Megan Eguchi
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO
| | - Myles G. Cockburn
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jonathan P. Roach
- Surgical Oncology Program of the Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | | | - Nicholas G. Cost
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO
- University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
- Surgical Oncology Program of the Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Parent EE, Fowler AM. Nuclear Receptor Imaging In Vivo-Clinical and Research Advances. J Endocr Soc 2022; 7:bvac197. [PMID: 36655003 PMCID: PMC9838808 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are transcription factors that function in normal physiology and play important roles in diseases such as cancer, inflammation, and diabetes. Noninvasive imaging of nuclear receptors can be achieved using radiolabeled ligands and positron emission tomography (PET). This quantitative imaging approach can be viewed as an in vivo equivalent of the classic radioligand binding assay. A main clinical application of nuclear receptor imaging in oncology is to identify metastatic sites expressing nuclear receptors that are targets for approved drug therapies and are capable of binding ligands to improve treatment decision-making. Research applications of nuclear receptor imaging include novel synthetic ligand and drug development by quantifying target drug engagement with the receptor for optimal therapeutic drug dosing and for fundamental research into nuclear receptor function in cells and animal models. This mini-review provides an overview of PET imaging of nuclear receptors with a focus on radioligands for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and androgen receptor and their use in breast and prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ephraim E Parent
- Mayo Clinic Florida, Department of Radiology, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Amy M Fowler
- Correspondence: Amy M. Fowler, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lin Y, Chong H, Song G, Zhang C, Dong L, Aye L, Liang F, Yang S, Zeng M, Ding G, Zhang S, Shi J, Ke A, Wang X, Zhou J, Fan J, Gao Q. The influence of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography on the N- and M-staging and subsequent clinical management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2022; 11:684-695. [PMID: 36268256 PMCID: PMC9577996 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn-21-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly metastatic cancer. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) enables sensitive tumor and metastasis detection. Our aim is to evaluate the influence of pre-treatment PET/CT on the N- and M-staging and subsequent clinical management in ICC patients. Methods Between August 2010 and August 2018, 660 consecutive ICC patients, without prior anti-tumor treatments nor other malignancies, were enrolled. The diagnostic performance of PET/CT on the N- and M-staging was compared with conventional imaging, and the preoperative staging accuracy and treatment re-allocation by PET/CT were retrospectively calculated. Survival difference was compared between patients receiving PET/CT or not after propensity score matching. Results Patients were divided into group A (n=291) and group B (n=369) according to whether PET/CT was performed. Among 291 patients with both PET/CT and conventional imaging for staging in group A, PET/CT showed significantly higher sensitivity (83.0% vs. 70.5%, P=0.001), specificity (88.3% vs. 74.9%, P<0.001) and accuracy (86.3% vs. 73.2%, P<0.001) than conventional imaging in diagnosing regional lymph node metastasis, as well as higher sensitivity (87.8% vs. 67.6%, P<0.001) and accuracy (93.5% vs. 89.3%, P=0.023) in diagnosing distant metastasis. Overall, PET/CT improved the accuracy of preoperative staging from 60.1% to 71.8% (P<0.001), and modified clinical treatment strategy in 5.8% (17/291) of ICC patients, with unique roles in different tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages. High tumor-to-non-tumor ratio (TNR) predicted poor overall survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.17; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.49-3.15; P<0.001]. Furthermore, patients performing PET/CT had longer overall survival compared with those without PET/CT (HR =0.74; 95% CI: 0.58-0.93; P=0.011) after propensity score matching. Conclusions PET/CT was valuable for diagnosing regional lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis in ICC patients, and facilitated accurate tumor staging and optimal treatment allocation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youpei Lin
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanhuan Chong
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohe Song
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhao Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangqing Dong
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Aye
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Liang
- Department of Biostatistics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuaixi Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengsu Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyu Ding
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyi Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiwu Ke
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Saunders CM. Breast surgery: a narrative review. Med J Aust 2022; 217:262-267. [PMID: 35988063 PMCID: PMC9541238 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.51678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the commonest human cancer globally and one in seven Australian women will develop it in their lifetime. Surgery is the mainstay of management both for women who are at high risk of breast cancer and for those who have been diagnosed. Increased understanding of how to predict who is most at risk of breast cancer is leading to the possibility of risk‐based screening, allowing better and more targeted early detection for women at high risk, and contrast imaging techniques are proving more accurate in diagnosing and staging cancer. The evolution of surgical practice includes the widespread use of oncoplastic surgery, allowing better cosmetic and oncological outcomes; reconstructive surgical advances, using free flap techniques; and sequencing of systemic and local therapies to better tailor treatments to the patient’s cancer and improve outcomes. Recognition of side effects of breast cancer treatment have led to improvement in the management of conditions such as chronic pain and lymphoedema, as well as addressing the psychosocial, body image and sexual complications caused by the cancer and its treatment.
Collapse
|
12
|
Sakellis CG, Jacene HA. Imaging for Radiation Planning in Breast Cancer. Semin Nucl Med 2022; 52:542-550. [PMID: 35523601 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is an integral component of the treatment of breast cancer. The indications and type of radiation therapy vary depending on disease invasiveness and stage. Imaging is the cornerstone for radiation therapy planning. While conventional imaging with CT remains the primary modality for radiation treatment planning locally in the breast, molecular imaging with [18F]FDG-PET/CT identifies additional occult disease that may help alter the local radiation therapy plan or treat oligometastatic disease. The ultimate effects on long-term outcomes remain to be determined. This article reviews the role of imaging in radiation planning for breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Sakellis
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Heather A Jacene
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bidar N, Darroudi M, Ebrahimzadeh A, Safdari M, de la Guardia M, Baradaran B, Goodarzi V, Oroojalian F, Mokhtarzadeh A. Simultaneous nanocarrier-mediated delivery of siRNAs and chemotherapeutic agents in cancer therapy and diagnosis: Recent advances. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 915:174639. [PMID: 34919890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, investigations have revealed that RNA interference (RNAi) has a remarkable potential to decrease cancer burden by downregulating genes. Among various RNAi molecules, small interfering RNA (siRNA) has been more attractive for this goal and is able to silence a target pathological path and promote the degradation of a certain mRNA, resulting in either gain or loss of function of proteins. Moreover, therapeutic siRNAs have exhibited low side effects compared to other therapeutic molecular candidates. Nevertheless, siRNA delivery has its own limitations including quick degradation in circulation, ineffective internalization and low passive uptake by cells, possible toxicity against off-target sites, and inducing unfavorable immune responses. Therefore, delivery tools must be able to specifically direct siRNAs to their target locations without inflicting detrimental effects on other sites. To conquer the mentioned problems, nanocarrier-mediated delivery of siRNAs, using inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), polymers, and lipids, has been developed as a biocompatible delivery approach. In this review, we have discussed recent advances in the siRNA delivery methods that employ nanoparticles, lipids, and polymers, as well as the inorganic-based co-delivery systems used to deliver siRNAs and anticancer agents to target cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Negar Bidar
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ailin Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Safdari
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahabodin Goodarzi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kairemo K, Macapinlac HA. Oncology, bone metastases. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822960-6.00032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
15
|
Daruwati I, Gwiharto AK, Kurniawan A, Mahendra I, Achmad TH, Syaifudin M, Muchtaridi M. Synthesis, stability, and cellular uptake of 131I-estradiol against MCF7 and T-47D human cell lines as a radioligand for binding assay. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08438. [PMID: 34901495 PMCID: PMC8637476 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol is a steroid hormone that works as an agonist estrogen receptor (ER). This compound is widely used as a ligand and bind specifically to the ERα. Radioligand binding assay is an in vitro method for drug development from natural products by synthesizing estradiol through radiolabeling using the radioiodination method. Synthesis of 131I-estradiol was perfomed by direct method using chloramine T as an oxidizer and by indirect labeling using 131I-histamine. The purity of chemical was determined by thin-layer chromatography and paper electrophoresis, as well as its stability for 30 days of storage in refrigerator, freezer and room temperature. The cellular uptake test of the radioligands from both methods was carried out with MCF7 and T-47D cell lines at 60 min. The results exhibited that 131I-estradiol was succesfully obtained with radiochemical purity greater than 95% and more stable in the refrigerator until 21 days than freezer and room temperature. 131I-estradiol and 131I-his-estradiol were internalized higher in T-47D cells than MCF7 cells (44.34 ± 5.93% vs. 17.27 ± 1.71% and 45.34 ± 6.42% vs. 4.92 ± 1.59%, respectively). Furthermore, the radioligands can be used to binding assay in determining the agonist or antagonist to ER of new drugs development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isti Daruwati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
- Center for Applied Nuclear Research and Technology, Nuclear Energy Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
| | - Abednego Kristande Gwiharto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Kurniawan
- Center for Applied Nuclear Research and Technology, Nuclear Energy Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
| | - Isa Mahendra
- Center for Applied Nuclear Research and Technology, Nuclear Energy Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
| | - Tri Hanggono Achmad
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Mukh Syaifudin
- Center for Research and Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology, Nuclear Energy Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
- Functional Nano Powder University Center of Excellence (FiNder U CoE), Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The use of PET imaging agents in oncology, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease shows the power of this technique in evaluating the molecular and biological characteristics of numerous diseases. These agents provide crucial information for designing therapeutic strategies for individual patients. Novel PET tracers are in continual development and many have potential use in clinical and research settings. This article discusses the potential applications of tracers in diagnostics, the biological characteristics of diseases, the ability to provide prognostic indicators, and using this information to guide treatment strategies including monitoring treatment efficacy in real time to improve outcomes and survival.
Collapse
|
17
|
|