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Wang L, Du R, Han L, Yang R, Li Y. A new missense mutation c.1240A>G in fumarate hydratase gene leads to uterine leiomyoma associated hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) syndrome in Chinese. Transl Oncol 2024; 45:101963. [PMID: 38663218 PMCID: PMC11063639 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study presents a detailed analysis of the clinical and genetic characteristics of uterine leiomyoma associated with Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer (HLRCC), combined with exploration of family history, pathology, and management procedures, supported by thorough evidence collection. METHODS Blood samples were collected from the proband, and the pathogenic variant was verified using Sanger sequencing. A comprehensive review of family history, FH deficiency pathology, FH and 2SC immunohistochemistry staining was conducted. Functional evidence was derived from clinical and genetic information, supplemented by a literature collection and mutation was reclassified based on ACMG/AMP guidelines. RESULTS The study successfully identifies a novel missense mutation (c.1240A>G; p.Lys414Glu) in exon 9 of FH, with no prior reports in existing databases. The patient's phenotype and family history, coupled with evidence collected from the literature, contribute to the preliminary determination of the variant as likely pathogenic. We also emphasize that the importance of combining FH-deficient morphology and immunohistochemical staining with 2SC for enhanced sensitivity. CONCLUSION This research adds a novel missense mutation to the repertoire of FH gene variants, emphasizing its likely pathogenic nature based on a multidimensional analysis of phenotype, family history, and literature evidence. The findings enhance our understanding of the genetic landscape associated with FH and underscore the importance of thorough characterization for accurate variant classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Liaocheng University, PR China
| | - Ran Du
- Department of Pathology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, PR China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Pathology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, PR China
| | - Rui Yang
- Biomedical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Liaocheng University, PR China
| | - Yingxue Li
- Department of Pathology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, PR China.
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Sánchez-Heras AB, Dámaso E, Castillejo A, Robledo M, Teulé A, Lázaro C, Sánchez-Martínez R, Zúñiga Á, López-Fernández A, Balmaña J, Robles L, Ramon Y Cajal T, Castillejo MI, Ibañez RP, Sevila CM, Sánchez-Mira A, Escandell I, Gómez L, Berbel P, Soto JL. Genetic and clinical characterization of a novel FH founder mutation in families with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:26. [PMID: 38279137 PMCID: PMC10811853 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03017-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome. Previously, we published the largest cohort of FH mutation carriers in Spain and observed a highly recurrent missense heterozygous variant, FH(NM_000143.4):c.1118A > G p.(Asn373Ser), in 104 individuals from 31 apparently unrelated families. Here, we aimed to establish its founder effect and characterize the associated clinical phenotype. RESULTS Haplotype analysis confirmed that families shared a common haplotype (32/38 markers) spanning 0.61-0.82 Mb, indicating this recurrent variant was inherited from a founder ancestor. Cutaneous and uterine leiomyomatosis were diagnosed in 64.6% (64/99) and 98% (50/51) of patients, respectively, and renal cell cancer was present in 10.4% (10/96). The pathogenic FH_c.1118A > G variant is a Spanish founder mutation that originated 12-26 generations ago. We estimate that the variant may have appeared between 1370 and 1720. Individuals carrying this founder mutation had similar frequency of renal cell cancer and a higher frequency of renal cysts and leiomyomas than those in other cohorts of this syndrome. CONCLUSIONS In the Spanish province of Alicante there is a high prevalence of HLRCC because of the founder mutation FH c.1118A > G; p.(Asn373Ser). The characterization of founder mutations provides accurate and specific information regarding their penetrance and expressivity. In individuals with suspected HLRCC from the province of Alicante, genetic testing by direct analysis of the founder FH c.1118A > G; p.(Asn373Ser) mutation may be a faster and more efficient diagnostic tool compared with complete gene sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Sánchez-Heras
- Cancer Genetic Counselling Unit, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, 03203, Elche, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Estela Dámaso
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), FISABIO-Elche Health Department, Elche, Spain
| | - Adela Castillejo
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), FISABIO-Elche Health Department, Elche, Spain
| | - Mercedes Robledo
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer, Human Cancer Genetics Programme Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandre Teulé
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Conxi Lázaro
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosario Sánchez-Martínez
- Multidisciplinary Rare Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Alicante University General Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Ángel Zúñiga
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Hospital Politécnico y Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Adrià López-Fernández
- Hereditary Cancer Genetics Group, VHIO, and Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Vall D'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Balmaña
- Hereditary Cancer Genetics Group, VHIO, and Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Vall D'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Robles
- Medical Oncology Department. Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Ramon Y Cajal
- Familiar Cancer Clinic, Medical Oncology Department, Santa Creu i Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Isabel Castillejo
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), FISABIO-Elche Health Department, Elche, Spain
| | - Raquel Perea Ibañez
- Cancer Genetic Counselling Unit, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, 03203, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez Sevila
- Cancer Genetic Counselling Unit, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, 03203, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Andrea Sánchez-Mira
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), FISABIO-Elche Health Department, Elche, Spain
| | - Inés Escandell
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Elda, Elda, Alicante, Spain
| | - Luís Gómez
- Urology Department, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Pere Berbel
- Departamento de Histología y Anatomía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
| | - José Luis Soto
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), FISABIO-Elche Health Department, Elche, Spain
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Zhang X, Wang C, Shen D. The use of Clinicopathological, immunohistochemistry and molecular detection in the diagnosis of fumarate hydratase-deficient uterine leiomyomas. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154916. [PMID: 38029712 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fumarate hydratase-deficient uterine leiomyomas (FH-dUL) are rare, accounting for only 0.4-1.6% of uterine leiomyomas. FH germline mutation gene is associated with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma syndrome (HLRCC). METHODS In this study, we aim to investigate Clinicopathological features and FH mutation in FH-dUL. We performed a retrospective analysis of 300 cases of uterine leiomyoma, diagnosed from January 2017 to December 2021, within the archives of the Department of Pathology at Peking University People's Hospital. In our review of the immunohistochemical(IHC) staining was performed on 300 uSMTs to detect FH deficiency. RESULTS We identified 21cases (21/300,7%) of FH-dUL. Nineteen cases (6.33%) displayed negative FH. Twenty-one cases (7%) displayed 2SC diffuse plasma and nuclear staining. The most common FH-d morphological features included staghorn vasculature ( 100%,21/21), alveolar-pattern oedema (71.43%, 15/21), scattered bizarre nuclei (23.81%, 5/21), eosinophilic cytoplasmic (rhabdoid) inclusions (47.62%, 10/21), significant eosinophilic nucleolus with peri-nucleolus hollowing (23.81%, 5/21), ovoid nuclei sometimes arranged in chains (9.52%, 2/21). DNA sequencing for the 21 cases was performed using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). 6 cases were detected significant variations for the FH gene, 11 cases were detected FH gene mutation forvariants of uncertain significance (VUS), and 2 cases were detected a TP53 gene mutation. No related mutations were detected in the other two cases. CONCLUSIONS FH-dUL is rare. The combination of predictive Clinicopathological evaluation,FH and 2SC IHC test, and molecular test were helpful for the screening of FH-dUL from uSMTs,or even the screening of HLRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, PR China
| | - Danhua Shen
- Department of Pathology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, PR China.
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Scharnitz T, Nakamura M, Koeppe E, Henry ML, Lowe L, Else T, Cha KB. The spectrum of clinical and genetic findings in hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) with relevance to patient outcomes: a retrospective study from a large academic tertiary referral center. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:236-244. [PMID: 36777509 PMCID: PMC9906083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) is an autosomal dominant condition attributed to pathogenic variants in fumarate hydratase (FH) and presents with cutaneous leiomyomas (CLMs), uterine leiomyomas (ULMs) and renal cell cancer (RCC). The objective of this study was to characterize the spectrum of clinical and genetic findings in HLRCC at a large academic tertiary care referral center with a focus on dermatologic manifestations. Fifty-seven patients, 41 female and 16 male, with 27 unique pathogenic or likely-pathogenic FH variants were identified from 38 families. Mean age of HLRCC diagnosis was 44.4 years (range 8-82). CLMs were the primary reason for referral in 49.1% (n=28). CLMs were present in 43/56 patients who underwent full skin examination. Three of these 56 patients were diagnosed with cutaneous leiomyosarcoma. Incidence of ULMs was 37/41 female patients; no uterine leiomyosarcomas were observed. RCC was observed in 6/57 patients (mean age of diagnosis: 47.3 years (range 28-79)). CLMs predated RCC in the 3 patients diagnosed with both. Dermatologists have an opportunity to recognize cutaneous manifestations of HLRCC, including cutaneous leiomyomas and rarely cutaneous leiomyosarcomas, and refer for genetic evaluation to provide definitive diagnosis. Identification of HLRCC can promote family cascade testing and screening for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mio Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, University of MichiganMI 48109, USA
| | - Erika Koeppe
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of MichiganMI 48109, USA
| | | | - Lori Lowe
- Department of Pathology, University of MichiganMI 48109, USA
| | - Tobias Else
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of MichiganMI 48109, USA
| | - Kelly B Cha
- Department of Dermatology, University of MichiganMI 48109, USA
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Li H, Yang W, Tu X, Yu L, Huang D, Cheng Y, Chang B, Tang S, Ge H, Bao L, Zhou X, Bi R. Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of fumarate-hydratase-deficient uterine smooth muscle tumors: A single-center study of 52 cases. Hum Pathol 2022; 126:136-145. [PMID: 35659509 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The fumarate hydratase (FH) gene germline mutations cause hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma syndrome (HLRCC), predisposing carriers to uterine and cutaneous leiomyomas and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, we aim to investigate morphology and the correlation between FH mutation in FH-deficient (FH-d) uterine smooth muscle tumors (uSMTs). METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted immunohistochemical staining in 161 cases of uSMTs to detect FH deficiency. We identified 52 (52/161, 32%) cases of FH-d, including 34 leiomyomas with bizarre nuclei, 10 uSMTs of uncertain malignant potential (STUMPs), 4 cellular leiomyomas, 3 usual type leiomyomas, and 1 leiomyosarcoma. Patients with FH-d were aged 24-67 years (median, 40 years). The most common FH-d morphological features included staghorn-shaped blood vessels (87%), bizarre nuclei (81%), alveolar pattern edema (65%), macronucleoli surrounded by a halo (65%), cytoplasmic eosinophilic globules (56%), and chain-like distribution of smooth muscle cells (52%). A targeted next generation sequence was performed in 11 of 52 FH-d tumors. Five (5/11, 45%) cases were found with FH germline mutations, including four leiomyomas with bizarre nuclei and one STUMP. The median age of patients with germline FH mutation was 30 years. The germline mutations including three pathogenic, one likely pathogenic, and one rare uncertain clinical significance variants. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that FH-d uSMTs usually exhibit the distinct morphology features and high frequency of FH germline mutations. The combination of predictive morphology evaluation, FH immunotype and molecular testing is helpful for the screening of HLRCC in uSMTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Yang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Tu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufan Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoxian Tang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Ge
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Longlong Bao
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Bi
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
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Taniguchi R, Muramatsu H, Okuno Y, Yoshida T, Wakamatsu M, Hamada M, Shirota C, Sumida W, Hinoki A, Tainaka T, Gotoh Y, Tsuzuki T, Tanaka Y, Kojima S, Uchida H, Takahashi Y. A patient with very early onset FH-deficient renal cell carcinoma diagnosed at age seven. Fam Cancer 2021; 21:337-341. [PMID: 34156580 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-021-00268-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) is caused by heterozygous germline variants in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene and is associated with increased susceptibility to cutaneous leiomyomas, uterine leiomyomas, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). HLRCC-associated RCC usually occurs in the middle age, with the median age being 40-44 years. This report describes a seven-year-old (84-month-old) male who developed a large right kidney tumor with multiple cystic lesions that contained enhanced solid components. There was no evidence of distant metastasis. The male patient underwent right nephrectomy and has been recovering well without metastasis or recurrence. Pathological examination revealed that tumor cells with relatively prominent nucleoli and surrounded by halos, were located in a limited area. Immunohistochemical staining was negative for FH. Whole-exome sequencing identified his germline variant in the FH gene and its loss of heterozygosity in the tumor. At nine years (114 months) of age, the male patient showed no recurrence of the tumor. This was the youngest-onset case of HLRCC-associated RCC to date. This report may affect the starting age for future RCC-surveillance programs for patients with HLRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Taniguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hideki Muramatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Okuno
- Medical Genomics Center, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taro Yoshida
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Manabu Wakamatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Motoharu Hamada
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Chiyoe Shirota
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Wataru Sumida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akinari Hinoki
- Department of Rare/ Intractable Cancer Analysis Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahisa Tainaka
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Gotoh
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyonori Tsuzuki
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yukichi Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Seiji Kojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroo Uchida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
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Di Gregorio E, Miolo G, Saorin A, Steffan A, Corona G. From Metabolism to Genetics and Vice Versa: The Rising Role of Oncometabolites in Cancer Development and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5574. [PMID: 34070384 PMCID: PMC8197491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, the study of cancer metabolism has returned to the forefront of cancer research and challenged the role of genetics in the understanding of cancer development. One of the major impulses of this new trend came from the discovery of oncometabolites, metabolic intermediates whose abnormal cellular accumulation triggers oncogenic signalling and tumorigenesis. These findings have led to reconsideration and support for the long-forgotten hypothesis of Warburg of altered metabolism as oncogenic driver of cancer and started a novel paradigm whereby mitochondrial metabolites play a pivotal role in malignant transformation. In this review, we describe the evolution of the cancer metabolism research from a historical perspective up to the oncometabolites discovery that spawned the new vision of cancer as a metabolic disease. The oncometabolites' mechanisms of cellular transformation and their contribution to the development of new targeted cancer therapies together with their drawbacks are further reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Di Gregorio
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (E.D.G.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Gianmaria Miolo
- Medical Oncology and Cancer Prevention Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy;
| | - Asia Saorin
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (E.D.G.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Agostino Steffan
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (E.D.G.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Corona
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (E.D.G.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
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