1
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Zhang X, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Zhou S. Salidroside induces mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis to inhibit melanoma progression through reactive oxygen species production. Exp Cell Res 2024; 438:114034. [PMID: 38588875 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces necroptotic and ferroptosis in melanoma cells. Salidroside (SAL) regulates ROS in normal cells and inhibits melanoma cell proliferation. This study used human malignant melanoma cells treated with SAL either alone or in combination with ROS scavenger (NAC) or ferroptosis inducer (Erastin). Through cell viability, wound healing assays, and a Seahorse analyze found that SAL inhibited cell proliferation, migration, extracellular acidification rate, and oxygen consumption rate. Metabolic flux analysis, complexes I, II, III, and IV activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain assays, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, mitochondrial ROS, and transmission electron microscope revealed that SAL induced mitochondrial dysfunction and ultrastructural damage. Assessment of malondialdehyde, lipid ROS, iron content measurement, and Western blot analysis showed that SAL activated lipid peroxidation and promoted ferroptosis in A-375 cells. These effects were abolished after NAC treatment. Additionally, SAL and Erastin both inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell death; SAL increased the Erastin sensitivity of cells while NAC antagonized it. In xenograft mice, SAL inhibited melanoma growth and promoted ROS-dependent ferroptosis. SAL induced mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis to block melanoma progression through ROS production, which offers a scientific foundation for conducting SAL pharmacological research in the management of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Ziyan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Shengbo Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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2
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Basei FL, E Silva IR, Dias PRF, Ferezin CC, Peres de Oliveira A, Issayama LK, Moura LAR, da Silva FR, Kobarg J. The Mitochondrial Connection: The Nek Kinases' New Functional Axis in Mitochondrial Homeostasis. Cells 2024; 13:473. [PMID: 38534317 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria provide energy for all cellular processes, including reactions associated with cell cycle progression, DNA damage repair, and cilia formation. Moreover, mitochondria participate in cell fate decisions between death and survival. Nek family members have already been implicated in DNA damage response, cilia formation, cell death, and cell cycle control. Here, we discuss the role of several Nek family members, namely Nek1, Nek4, Nek5, Nek6, and Nek10, which are not exclusively dedicated to cell cycle-related functions, in controlling mitochondrial functions. Specifically, we review the function of these Neks in mitochondrial respiration and dynamics, mtDNA maintenance, stress response, and cell death. Finally, we discuss the interplay of other cell cycle kinases in mitochondrial function and vice versa. Nek1, Nek5, and Nek6 are connected to the stress response, including ROS control, mtDNA repair, autophagy, and apoptosis. Nek4, in turn, seems to be related to mitochondrial dynamics, while Nek10 is involved with mitochondrial metabolism. Here, we propose that the participation of Neks in mitochondrial roles is a new functional axis for the Nek family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda L Basei
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-871, Brazil
| | - Ivan Rosa E Silva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-871, Brazil
| | - Pedro R Firmino Dias
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-871, Brazil
| | - Camila C Ferezin
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-871, Brazil
| | | | - Luidy K Issayama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-871, Brazil
| | - Livia A R Moura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-871, Brazil
| | | | - Jörg Kobarg
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-871, Brazil
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3
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Zhang Y, Chen XN, Zhang H, Wen JK, Gao HT, Shi B, Wang DD, Han ZW, Gu JF, Zhao CM, Xue WY, Zhang YP, Qu CB, Yang Z. CDK13 promotes lipid deposition and prostate cancer progression by stimulating NSUN5-mediated m5C modification of ACC1 mRNA. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:2462-2476. [PMID: 37845385 PMCID: PMC10733287 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) regulate cell cycle progression and the transcription of a number of genes, including lipid metabolism-related genes, and aberrant lipid metabolism is involved in prostate carcinogenesis. Previous studies have shown that CDK13 expression is upregulated and fatty acid synthesis is increased in prostate cancer (PCa). However, the molecular mechanisms linking CDK13 upregulation and aberrant lipid metabolism in PCa cells remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that upregulation of CDK13 in PCa cells increases the fatty acyl chains and lipid classes, leading to lipid deposition in the cells, which is positively correlated with the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1), the first rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid synthesis. Gain- and loss-of-function studies showed that ACC1 mediates CDK13-induced lipid accumulation and PCa progression by enhancing lipid synthesis. Mechanistically, CDK13 interacts with RNA-methyltransferase NSUN5 to promote its phosphorylation at Ser327. In turn, phosphorylated NSUN5 catalyzes the m5C modification of ACC1 mRNA, and then the m5C-modified ACC1 mRNA binds to ALYREF to enhance its stability and nuclear export, thereby contributing to an increase in ACC1 expression and lipid deposition in PCa cells. Overall, our results disclose a novel function of CDK13 in regulating the ACC1 expression and identify a previously unrecognized CDK13/NSUN5/ACC1 pathway that mediates fatty acid synthesis and lipid accumulation in PCa cells, and targeting this newly identified pathway may be a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiao-Nan Chen
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, P R China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education of China, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan E Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jin-Kun Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education of China, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan E Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Hai-Tao Gao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Han
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jun-Fei Gu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Chen-Ming Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Wen-Yong Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Chang-Bao Qu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
| | - Zhan Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
- Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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4
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Gomes I, Abreu C, Costa L, Casimiro S. The Evolving Pathways of the Efficacy of and Resistance to CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4835. [PMID: 37835528 PMCID: PMC10571967 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The approval of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) in combination with endocrine therapy (ET) has remarkably improved the survival outcomes of patients with advanced hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC), becoming the new standard of care treatment in these patients. Despite the efficacy of this therapeutic combination, intrinsic and acquired resistance inevitably occurs and represents a major clinical challenge. Several mechanisms associated with resistance to CDK4/6i have been identified, including both cell cycle-related and cell cycle-nonspecific mechanisms. This review discusses new insights underlying the mechanisms of action of CDK4/6i, which are more far-reaching than initially thought, and the currently available evidence of the mechanisms of resistance to CDK4/6i in BC. Finally, it highlights possible treatment strategies to improve CDK4/6i efficacy, summarizing the most relevant clinical data on novel combination therapies involving CDK4/6i.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Gomes
- Luis Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Catarina Abreu
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria—Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Luis Costa
- Luis Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria—Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Sandra Casimiro
- Luis Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
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5
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Gureghian V, Herbst H, Kozar I, Mihajlovic K, Malod-Dognin N, Ceddia G, Angeli C, Margue C, Randic T, Philippidou D, Nomigni MT, Hemedan A, Tranchevent LC, Longworth J, Bauer M, Badkas A, Gaigneaux A, Muller A, Ostaszewski M, Tolle F, Pržulj N, Kreis S. A multi-omics integrative approach unravels novel genes and pathways associated with senescence escape after targeted therapy in NRAS mutant melanoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1330-1345. [PMID: 37420093 PMCID: PMC10581906 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Therapy Induced Senescence (TIS) leads to sustained growth arrest of cancer cells. The associated cytostasis has been shown to be reversible and cells escaping senescence further enhance the aggressiveness of cancers. Chemicals specifically targeting senescent cells, so-called senolytics, constitute a promising avenue for improved cancer treatment in combination with targeted therapies. Understanding how cancer cells evade senescence is needed to optimise the clinical benefits of this therapeutic approach. Here we characterised the response of three different NRAS mutant melanoma cell lines to a combination of CDK4/6 and MEK inhibitors over 33 days. Transcriptomic data show that all cell lines trigger a senescence programme coupled with strong induction of interferons. Kinome profiling revealed the activation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) and enriched downstream signaling of neurotrophin, ErbB and insulin pathways. Characterisation of the miRNA interactome associates miR-211-5p with resistant phenotypes. Finally, iCell-based integration of bulk and single-cell RNA-seq data identifies biological processes perturbed during senescence and predicts 90 new genes involved in its escape. Overall, our data associate insulin signaling with persistence of a senescent phenotype and suggest a new role for interferon gamma in senescence escape through the induction of EMT and the activation of ERK5 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Gureghian
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Hailee Herbst
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Ines Kozar
- Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | | | | | - Gaia Ceddia
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Angeli
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Christiane Margue
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Tijana Randic
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Demetra Philippidou
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Milène Tetsi Nomigni
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Ahmed Hemedan
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Leon-Charles Tranchevent
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Joseph Longworth
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Mark Bauer
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Apurva Badkas
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Anthoula Gaigneaux
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Arnaud Muller
- LuxGen, TMOH and Bioinformatics platform, Data Integration and Analysis unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Marek Ostaszewski
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Fabrice Tolle
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Nataša Pržulj
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stephanie Kreis
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
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6
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Khoshbakht T, Hussen BM, Dong P, Gassler N, Taheri M, Baniahmad A, Dilmaghani NA. A review on the role of cyclin dependent kinases in cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:325. [PMID: 36266723 PMCID: PMC9583502 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) class of serine/threonine kinases has crucial roles in the regulation of cell cycle transition and is mainly involved in the pathogenesis of cancers. The expression of CDKs is controlled by a complex regulatory network comprised of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, which are dysregulated during the progression of cancer. The abnormal activation of CDKs results in uncontrolled cancer cell proliferation and the induction of cancer stem cell characteristics. The levels of CDKs can be utilized to predict the prognosis and treatment response of cancer patients, and further understanding of the function and underlying mechanisms of CDKs in human tumors would pave the way for future cancer therapies that effectively target CDKs. Defects in the regulation of cell cycle and mutations in the genes coding cell-cycle regulatory proteins lead to unrestrained proliferation of cells leading to formation of tumors. A number of treatment modalities have been designed to combat dysregulation of cell cycle through affecting expression or activity of CDKs. However, effective application of these methods in the clinical settings requires recognition of the role of CDKs in the progression of each type of cancer, their partners, their interactions with signaling pathways and the effects of suppression of these kinases on malignant features. Thus, we designed this literature search to summarize these findings at cellular level, as well as in vivo and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Khoshbakht
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Peixin Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nikolaus Gassler
- Section of Pathology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Aria Baniahmad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Nader Akbari Dilmaghani
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Abu-Serie MM, Habashy NH. Suppressing crucial oncogenes of leukemia initiator cells by major royal jelly protein 2 for mediating apoptosis in myeloid and lymphoid leukemia cells. Food Funct 2022; 13:8951-8966. [PMID: 35929786 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00999d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Relapse of leukemia and drug resistance are still the major obstacles to therapy due to leukemia-initiating stem/progenitor cells (LICs); thus, targeting them using safe compounds is crucial. Here, we evaluated the anti-leukemic effect of royal jelly (RJ) components, which had a higher safe concentration (EC100 values) than the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX). The RJ-protein fraction 50 (PF50, precipitated at 40-50% ammonium sulfate saturation) and its constituents, major RJ protein (MRJP) 2 and its isoform X1, exhibited the highest growth inhibitory effect against myeloid NFS-60 and lymphoid Jurkat cell lines. MRJP2 has a nanosize, which may be the reason for its higher anti-leukemic activity than its isoform. These RJ proteins, particularly MRJP2, suppressed LIC-associated oncogenes (GATA2 and Evi-1) and eliminated CD34+ LICs, in contrast to the low anti-LIC efficacy of DOX. MRJP2 demonstrated higher apoptotic activity than its isoform by upregulating p53 and p21-mediated cell cycle arrest. This study also reported the potent inhibitory effect of RJ-proteins on matrix metallopeptidase 10 (metastatic marker) and histone deacetylase 8 (mediates LIC survival) activities. Thus, MRJP2 can be considered a promising novel therapeutic agent for both myeloid and lymphoid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering, and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Noha H Habashy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt.
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8
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Pishas KI, Cowley KJ, Pandey A, Hoang T, Beach JA, Luu J, Vary R, Smith LK, Shembrey CE, Rashoo N, White MO, Simpson KJ, Bild A, Griffiths JI, Cheasley D, Campbell I, Bowtell DDL, Christie EL. Phenotypic Consequences of SLC25A40-ABCB1 Fusions beyond Drug Resistance in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225644. [PMID: 34830797 PMCID: PMC8616176 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Among the plethora of malignancies affecting the female reproductive tract, those concerning the ovary are the most frequently fatal. In particular, chemotherapy-resistant High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (HGSOC) remains a clinically intractable disease with a high rate of mortality. We previously identified SLC25A40-ABCB1 transcriptional fusions as the driving force behind drug resistance in HGSOC. As success in the clinical arena will only be achieved by enhancing our fundamental understanding of the drivers that mediate cellular drug resistance, this report sought to elucidate the phenotypic, metabolomic and transcriptional consequences of SLC25A40-ABCB1 fusions beyond drug resistance. High-throughput FDA drug screening was also undertaken to identify new therapeutic avenues against drug-resistant cellular populations. Abstract Despite high response rates to initial chemotherapy, the majority of women diagnosed with High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (HGSOC) ultimately develop drug resistance within 1–2 years of treatment. We previously identified the most common mechanism of acquired resistance in HGSOC to date, transcriptional fusions involving the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1, which has well established roles in multidrug resistance. However, the underlying biology of fusion-positive cells, as well as how clonal interactions between fusion-negative and positive populations influences proliferative fitness and therapeutic response remains unknown. Using a panel of fusion-negative and positive HGSOC single-cell clones, we demonstrate that in addition to mediating drug resistance, ABCB1 fusion-positive cells display impaired proliferative capacity, elevated oxidative metabolism, altered actin cellular morphology and an extracellular matrix/inflammatory enriched transcriptional profile. The co-culture of fusion-negative and positive populations had no effect on cellular proliferation but markedly altered drug sensitivity to doxorubicin, paclitaxel and cisplatin. Finally, high-throughput screening of 2907 FDA-approved compounds revealed 36 agents that induce equal cytotoxicity in both pure and mixed ABCB1 fusion populations. Collectively, our findings have unraveled the underlying biology of ABCB1 fusion-positive cells beyond drug resistance and identified novel therapeutic agents that may significantly improve the prognosis of relapsed HGSOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen I. Pishas
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.I.P.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (J.A.B.); (L.K.S.); (C.E.S.); (N.R.); (M.O.W.); (D.C.); (I.C.); (D.D.L.B.)
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Karla J. Cowley
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.J.C.); (J.L.); (R.V.)
| | - Ahwan Pandey
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.I.P.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (J.A.B.); (L.K.S.); (C.E.S.); (N.R.); (M.O.W.); (D.C.); (I.C.); (D.D.L.B.)
| | - Therese Hoang
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.I.P.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (J.A.B.); (L.K.S.); (C.E.S.); (N.R.); (M.O.W.); (D.C.); (I.C.); (D.D.L.B.)
| | - Jessica A. Beach
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.I.P.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (J.A.B.); (L.K.S.); (C.E.S.); (N.R.); (M.O.W.); (D.C.); (I.C.); (D.D.L.B.)
| | - Jennii Luu
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.J.C.); (J.L.); (R.V.)
| | - Robert Vary
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.J.C.); (J.L.); (R.V.)
| | - Lorey K. Smith
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.I.P.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (J.A.B.); (L.K.S.); (C.E.S.); (N.R.); (M.O.W.); (D.C.); (I.C.); (D.D.L.B.)
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Carolyn E. Shembrey
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.I.P.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (J.A.B.); (L.K.S.); (C.E.S.); (N.R.); (M.O.W.); (D.C.); (I.C.); (D.D.L.B.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Nineveh Rashoo
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.I.P.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (J.A.B.); (L.K.S.); (C.E.S.); (N.R.); (M.O.W.); (D.C.); (I.C.); (D.D.L.B.)
| | - Madelynne O. White
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.I.P.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (J.A.B.); (L.K.S.); (C.E.S.); (N.R.); (M.O.W.); (D.C.); (I.C.); (D.D.L.B.)
| | - Kaylene J. Simpson
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.J.C.); (J.L.); (R.V.)
| | - Andrea Bild
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (A.B.); (J.I.G.)
| | - Jason I. Griffiths
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (A.B.); (J.I.G.)
| | - Dane Cheasley
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.I.P.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (J.A.B.); (L.K.S.); (C.E.S.); (N.R.); (M.O.W.); (D.C.); (I.C.); (D.D.L.B.)
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Ian Campbell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.I.P.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (J.A.B.); (L.K.S.); (C.E.S.); (N.R.); (M.O.W.); (D.C.); (I.C.); (D.D.L.B.)
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - David D. L. Bowtell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.I.P.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (J.A.B.); (L.K.S.); (C.E.S.); (N.R.); (M.O.W.); (D.C.); (I.C.); (D.D.L.B.)
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Elizabeth L. Christie
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.I.P.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (J.A.B.); (L.K.S.); (C.E.S.); (N.R.); (M.O.W.); (D.C.); (I.C.); (D.D.L.B.)
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
- Correspondence:
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