1
|
Liu YT, Wu HL, Su YD, Wang Y, Li Y. Development in the Study of Natural Killer Cells for Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma Treatment. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2024. [PMID: 39093850 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2024.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPeM) is a rare primary malignant tumor originating from peritoneal mesothelial cells. Insufficient specificity of the symptoms and their frequent reappearance following surgery make it challenging to diagnose, creating a need for more efficient treatment options. Natural killer cells (NK cells) are part of the innate immune system and are classified as lymphoid cells. Under the regulation of activating and inhibiting receptors, NK cells secrete various cytokines to exert cytotoxic effects and participate in antiforeign body, antiviral, and antitumor activities. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the specific alterations observed in NK cells following MPeM treatment, including changes in cell number, subpopulation distribution, active receptors, and cytotoxicity. In addition, we summarize the impact of various therapeutic interventions, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, on NK cell function post-MPeM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tong Liu
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - He-Liang Wu
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Dong Su
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang D, Pei W, Liu Y, Mo R, Li X, Gu W, Su Y, Ye J, Xu J, Zhao D. Leucine rich α2 glycoprotein 1 derived from malignant pleural mesothelioma cells facilitates macrophage M2 phenotypes. Exp Lung Res 2024; 50:136-145. [PMID: 39033404 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2024.2380988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Background: Macrophages constitute the main part of infiltrating immune cells in Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and abnormally high ratios of M2 macrophages are present in both pleural effusion and tissue samples of MPM patients. Whether MPM cells affect formation of M2 macrophages is poorly understood. In this study, we focused on identification of MPM-cells-derived soluble factors with M2-promoting effects. Methods: Media of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells were collected and soluble factors affecting macrophages were analyzed by mass spectrometry. TGF-β receptor inhibitor SB431542 was used as the entry point to explore the downstream mechanism of action by qRT-PCR, WB and immunofluorescence. Results: The serum-free culture media collected from the human MPM cells Meso1 and Meso2 significantly enhanced expression of the M2 signature molecules including IL-10, TGF-β and CD206 in the human macrophages THP-1, while the culture medium of the human MPM cells H2452 did not show such M2-promoting effects. Analysis of proteins by mass spectrometry and ELISA suggested that Leucine rich α2 glycoprotein 1(LRG1) was a potential candidate. LRG1 time- and dose-dependently increased expression of the M2 signature molecules, confirming its M2-promoting effects. Furthermore, LRG1's M2-promoting effects were reduced by the TGF-β receptor inhibitor SB431542, and LRG1 increased phosphorylation of Smad2, indicating that M2-promoting effects of LRG1 were via the TGF-β receptor/Smad2 signaling pathway. Conclusions: Our results provide a potential M2-promoting new member, LRG1, which contributes to the immune escape of MPM via the TGF-β receptor/Smad2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjing Pei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Rongliang Mo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinru Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenhui Gu
- Dental School, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Su
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiegou Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dahai Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hapuarachi B, Danson S, Wadsley J, Muthana M. Exercise to transform tumours from cold to hot and improve immunotherapy responsiveness. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1335256. [PMID: 38149260 PMCID: PMC10749948 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1335256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise provides significant health benefits to patients diagnosed with cancer including improved survival outcomes, quality of life and reduced cancer recurrence. Across multiple murine cancer models, aerobic exercise and resistance training has exhibited anti-tumour properties illustrated by inhibited tumour growth, reduced metastatic potential and modulation of the tumour microenvironment to allow the recognition and destruction of cancer cells. Clinical studies have demonstrated the rapid mobilisation and circulatory release of mature lymphoid populations, myokines and cytokines that occurs with exercise along with tumour vasculature normalisation. Tumour microenvironments enriched with immune cells with anti-cancer potential, such as CD8+ T cells, are termed 'hot', whilst those favouring an immunosuppressive environment and lacking in effector immune cells are classed as 'cold'. Pre-clinical evidence suggests exercise training has the potential to reprogramme cold tumours to become hot, although this requires validation in clinical studies. This hot environment could potentiate immunotherapy responsiveness, improving survival outcomes of patients undergoing cancer immunotherapy and allow those with typically cold tumours to benefit from immunotherapy. This review discusses the complex interactions between exercise and cancer, including exercise-induced alterations within the tumour microenvironment and systemic immunity. The potential role exercise may play in improving cancer immunotherapy responsiveness is explored. This review also highlights the need for translational studies exploring the role of exercise in patients with cancer with the potential to widen the spectrum of tumours that derive significant benefit from immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brindley Hapuarachi
- University Sheffield, Division of Clinical Medicine, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Danson
- University Sheffield, Division of Clinical Medicine, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Wadsley
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Munitta Muthana
- University Sheffield, Division of Clinical Medicine, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Avilés-Salas A, Cabrera-Miranda L, Hernández-Pedro N, Vargas-Lías DS, Samtani S, Muñoz-Montaño W, Motola-Kuba D, Corrales-Rodríguez L, Martín C, Cardona AF, Palomares-Palomares CB, Arrieta O. PD-L1 expression complements CALGB prognostic scoring system in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1269029. [PMID: 38111532 PMCID: PMC10725960 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1269029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression is a predictive biomarker in patients with lung cancer, but its role in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains unclear. Evidence suggests that higher PD-L1 expression is correlated with worse survival. CALGB is the main scoring system used to predict the benefit of chemotherapy treatment. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of PD-L1 expression and its addition to CALGB scoring system in patients with MPM. Methods In this retrospective analysis, we evaluated samples with confirmed locally advanced or metastatic MPM. PD-L1 Tumor Proportional Score (TPS) was determined by immunohistochemistry at diagnosis. Results 73 patients were included in this study. A cutoff value of 15 was set for a high or low PD-L1 TPS. In total, 71.2% (n=52) and 28.8% (n=21) of individuals harbored low or high PD-L1 expression, respectively. PD-L1High was associated with worse median progression-free Survival (mPFS) [4.9 vs. 10.8 months; HR 2.724, 95% CI (1.44-5.14); p = 0.002] and Overall Survival (OS) [6.0 vs. 20.9 months; HR 6.87, 95% CI (3.4-8.7); p<0.001] compared to patients with PD-L1Low. Multivariate analysis confirmed that PD-L1 expression was an independent factor for PFS and OS in patients with MPM and CALGB score of 5-6. Conclusion PD-L1 addition to CALGB scale improves its prognostic estimation of MPM survival and should be considered in future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Cabrera-Miranda
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Hernández-Pedro
- Personalized Medicine Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Suraj Samtani
- Medical Oncology Department, Clínica Las Condes Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Wendy Muñoz-Montaño
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniel Motola-Kuba
- Departments of Biomedical Research and Gastroenterology and Liver Unit and Hemodialysis Unit, Medica Sur Clinic and Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Claudio Martín
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Andrés F. Cardona
- Thoracic Oncology Unit and Direction of Research, Science and Education, Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo Cancer Treatment and Research Center (CTIC), Bogotá, Colombia
- Clinical and Translational Oncology Group, Clínica del Country, Bogotá, Colombia
- Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Oscar Arrieta
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumar S, Dhar R, Kumar LBSS, Shivji GG, Jayaraj R, Devi A. Theranostic signature of tumor-derived exosomes in cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:321. [PMID: 37798480 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02176-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the most challenging global health crisis. In the recent times, studies on extracellular vesicles (EVs) are adding a new chapter to cancer research and reports on EVs explores cancer in a new dimension. Exosomes are a group of subpopulations of EVs. It originates from the endosomes and carries biologically active molecules to the neighboring cells which in turn transforms the recipient cell activity. In general, it plays a role in cellular communication. The correlation between exosomes and cancer is fascinating. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) play a dynamic role in cancer progression and are associated with uncontrolled cell growth, angiogenesis, immune suppression, and metastasis. Its molecular cargo is an excellent source of cancer biomarkers. Several advanced molecular profiling approaches assist in exploring the TEXs in depth. This paves the way for a strong foundation for identifying and detecting more specific and efficient biomarkers. TEXs are also gaining importance in scientific society for its role in cancer therapy and several clinical trials based on TEXs is a proof of its significance. In this review, we have highlighted the role of TEXs in mediating immune cell reprogramming, cancer development, metastasis, EMT, organ-specific metastasis, and its clinical significance in cancer theranostics. TEXs profiling is an effective method to understand the complications associated with cancer leading to good health and well-being of the individual and society as a whole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samruti Kumar
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Rajib Dhar
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Lokesh Babu Sirkali Suresh Kumar
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Gauresh Gurudas Shivji
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Rama Jayaraj
- Jindal Institute of Behavioral Sciences (JIBS), Jindal Global Institution of Eminence Deemed to Be University, 28, Sonipat, 131001, India
- Director of Clinical Sciences, Northern Territory Institute of Research and Training, Darwin, NT, 0909, Australia
| | - Arikketh Devi
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ponce S, Cedrés S, Ricordel C, Isambert N, Viteri S, Herrera-Juarez M, Martinez-Marti A, Navarro A, Lederlin M, Serres X, Zugazagoitia J, Vetrhus S, Jaderberg M, Hansen TB, Levitsky V, Paz-Ares L. ONCOS-102 plus pemetrexed and platinum chemotherapy in malignant pleural mesothelioma: a randomized phase 2 study investigating clinical outcomes and the tumor microenvironment. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007552. [PMID: 37661097 PMCID: PMC10476122 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ONCOS-102, an oncolytic adenovirus expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, can alter the tumor microenvironment to an immunostimulatory state. Combining ONCOS-102 with standard-of-care chemotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) may improve treatment outcomes. METHODS In this open-label, randomized study, patients with unresectable MPM received intratumoral ONCOS-102 (3×1011 virus particles on days 1, 4, 8, 36, 78, and 120) and pemetrexed plus cisplatin/carboplatin (from day 22), or pemetrexed plus cisplatin/carboplatin alone. The primary endpoint was safety. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival, objective response rate, and tumor immunologic activation (baseline and day 36 biopsies) were also assessed. RESULTS In total, 31 patients (safety lead-in: n=6, randomized: n=25) were enrolled. Anemia (15.0% and 27.3%) and neutropenia (40.0% and 45.5%) were the most frequent grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) in the ONCOS-102 (n=20) and chemotherapy-alone (n=11) cohorts. No patients discontinued ONCOS-102 due to AEs. No statistically significant difference in efficacy endpoints was observed. There was a numerical improvement in OS (30-month OS rate 34.1% vs 0; median OS 20.3 vs 13.5 months) with ONCOS-102 versus chemotherapy alone in chemotherapy-naïve patients (n=17). By day 36, ONCOS-102 was associated with increased T-cell infiltration and immune-related gene expression that was not observed in the control cohort. Substantial immune activation in the tumor microenvironment was associated with survival at month 18 in the ONCOS-102 cohort. CONCLUSIONS ONCOS-102 plus pemetrexed and cisplatin/carboplatin was well tolerated by patients with MPM. In injected tumors, ONCOS-102 promoted a proinflammatory environment, including T-cell infiltration, which showed association with survival at month 18.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Ponce
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Cedrés
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Charles Ricordel
- Department of Pulmonology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | | | - Santiago Viteri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Oncológico Rosell, Grupo Quironsalud, Hospital Universitario Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alex Martinez-Marti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Navarro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mathieu Lederlin
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Xavier Serres
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jon Zugazagoitia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Research Unit, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sylvia Vetrhus
- Research and Development, Circio Holding ASA, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Luis Paz-Ares
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Research Unit, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fiorilla I, Martinotti S, Todesco AM, Bonsignore G, Cavaletto M, Patrone M, Ranzato E, Audrito V. Chronic Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Plasticity: Three Players Driving the Pro-Tumorigenic Microenvironment in Malignant Mesothelioma. Cells 2023; 12:2048. [PMID: 37626858 PMCID: PMC10453755 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a lethal and rare cancer, even if its incidence has continuously increased all over the world. Asbestos exposure leads to the development of mesothelioma through multiple mechanisms, including chronic inflammation, oxidative stress with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and persistent aberrant signaling. Together, these processes, over the years, force normal mesothelial cells' transformation. Chronic inflammation supported by "frustrated" macrophages exposed to asbestos fibers is also boosted by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, damage-associated molecular proteins (DAMPs), and the generation of ROS. In addition, the hypoxic microenvironment influences MPM and immune cells' features, leading to a significant rewiring of metabolism and phenotypic plasticity, thereby supporting tumor aggressiveness and modulating infiltrating immune cell responses. This review provides an overview of the complex tumor-host interactions within the MPM tumor microenvironment at different levels, i.e., soluble factors, metabolic crosstalk, and oxidative stress, and explains how these players supporting tumor transformation and progression may become potential and novel therapeutic targets in MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Fiorilla
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (I.F.); (S.M.); (A.M.T.); (G.B.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
- Department of Integrated Activities Research and Innovation (DAIRI), Public Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera “SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo”, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Simona Martinotti
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (I.F.); (S.M.); (A.M.T.); (G.B.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
- Department of Integrated Activities Research and Innovation (DAIRI), Public Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera “SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo”, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Alberto Maria Todesco
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (I.F.); (S.M.); (A.M.T.); (G.B.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
- Department of Integrated Activities Research and Innovation (DAIRI), Public Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera “SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo”, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Gregorio Bonsignore
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (I.F.); (S.M.); (A.M.T.); (G.B.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
- Department of Integrated Activities Research and Innovation (DAIRI), Public Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera “SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo”, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Maria Cavaletto
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition (DISSTE), University of Eastern Piedmont, 13100 Vercelli, Italy;
| | - Mauro Patrone
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (I.F.); (S.M.); (A.M.T.); (G.B.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
- Department of Integrated Activities Research and Innovation (DAIRI), Public Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera “SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo”, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Elia Ranzato
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (I.F.); (S.M.); (A.M.T.); (G.B.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
- Department of Integrated Activities Research and Innovation (DAIRI), Public Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera “SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo”, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Valentina Audrito
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (I.F.); (S.M.); (A.M.T.); (G.B.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
- Department of Integrated Activities Research and Innovation (DAIRI), Public Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera “SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo”, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rondon L, Fu R, Patel MR. Success of Checkpoint Blockade Paves the Way for Novel Immune Therapy in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112940. [PMID: 37296902 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a malignancy associated with asbestos exposure and is typically categorized as an orphan disease. Recent developments in immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, specifically with agents nivolumab and ipilimumab, have demonstrated an improvement in overall survival over the previous standard chemotherapy leading to their FDA-approval as first-line therapy for unresectable disease. For quite some time, it has been known that these proteins are not the only ones that function as immune checkpoints in human biology, and the hypothesis that MPM is an immunogenic disease has led to an expanding number of studies investigating alternative checkpoint inhibitors and novel immunotherapy for this malignancy. Early trials are also supporting the notion that therapies that target biological molecules on T cells, cancer cells, or that trigger the antitumor activity of other immune cells may represent the future of MPM treatment. Moreover, mesothelin-targeted therapies are thriving in the field, with forthcoming results from multiple trials signaling an improvement in overall survival when combined with other immunotherapy agents. The following manuscript will review the current state of immune therapy for MPM, explore the knowledge gaps in the field, and discuss ongoing novel immunotherapeutic research in early clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizbeth Rondon
- Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA
| | - Roberto Fu
- Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA
| | - Manish R Patel
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Perrino M, De Vincenzo F, Cordua N, Borea F, Aliprandi M, Santoro A, Zucali PA. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors and predictive biomarkers in malignant mesothelioma: Work still in progress. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1121557. [PMID: 36776840 PMCID: PMC9911663 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1121557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare and aggressive neoplasm, usually associated with a poor prognosis (5 years survival rate <10%). For unresectable disease, platinum and pemetrexed chemotherapy has been the only standard of care in first line for more than two decades, while no standard treatments have been approved in subsequent lines. Recently, immunotherapy has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape of MM. In fact, the combination of ipilimumab plus nivolumab has been approved in first line setting. Moreover, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) showed promising results also in second-third line setting after platinum-based chemotherapy. Unfortunately, approximately 20% of patients are primary refractory to ICIs and there is an urgent need for reliable biomarkers to improve patient's selection. Several biological and molecular features have been studied for this goal. In particular, histological subtype (recognized as prognostic factor for MM and predictive factor for chemotherapy response), programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, and tumor mutational burden (widely hypothesized as predictive biomarkers for ICIs in several solid tumors) have been evaluated, but with unconclusive results. On the other hand, the deep analysis of tumor infiltrating microenvironment and the improvement in genomic profiling techniques has led to a better knowledge of several mechanisms underlying the MM biology and a greater or poorer immune activation. Consequentially, several potential biomarkers predictive of response to immunotherapy in patients with MM have been identified, also if all these elements need to be further investigated and prospectively validated. In this paper, the main evidences about clinical efficacy of ICIs in MM and the literature data about the most promising predictive biomarkers to immunotherapy are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Perrino
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio De Vincenzo
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Cordua
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Borea
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Aliprandi
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Armando Santoro
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Andrea Zucali
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy,*Correspondence: Paolo Andrea Zucali,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Willems M, Scherpereel A, Wasielewski E, Raskin J, Brossel H, Fontaine A, Grégoire M, Halkin L, Jamakhani M, Heinen V, Louis R, Duysinx B, Hamaidia M, Willems L. Excess of blood eosinophils prior to therapy correlates with worse prognosis in mesothelioma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1148798. [PMID: 37026006 PMCID: PMC10070849 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1148798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Only a fraction of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) will respond to chemo- or immunotherapy. For the majority, the condition will irremediably relapse after 13 to 18 months. In this study, we hypothesized that patients' outcome could be correlated to their immune cell profile. Focus was given to peripheral blood eosinophils that, paradoxically, can both promote or inhibit tumor growth depending on the cancer type. Methods The characteristics of 242 patients with histologically proven MPM were retrospectively collected in three centers. Characteristics included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). The mean absolute eosinophil counts (AEC) were determined by averaging AEC data sets of the last month preceding the administration of chemo- or immunotherapy. Results An optimal cutoff of 220 eosinophils/µL of blood segregated the cohort into two groups with significantly different median OS after chemotherapy (14 and 29 months above and below the threshold, p = 0.0001). The corresponding two-year OS rates were 28% and 55% in the AEC ≥ 220/µL and AEC < 220/µL groups, respectively. Based on shorter median PFS (8 vs 17 months, p < 0.0001) and reduced DCR (55.9% vs 35.2% at 6 months), the response to standard chemotherapy was significantly affected in the AEC ≥ 220/µL subset. Similar conclusions were also drawn from data sets of patients receiving immune checkpoint-based immunotherapy. Conclusion In conclusion, baseline AEC ≥ 220/µL preceding therapy is associated with worse outcome and quicker relapse in MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mégane Willems
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Scherpereel
- Department of Pneumology and Thoracic Oncology, (CHU Lille) and INSERM (ONCOTHAI), Lille, France
| | - Eric Wasielewski
- Department of Pneumology and Thoracic Oncology, (CHU Lille) and INSERM (ONCOTHAI), Lille, France
| | - Jo Raskin
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Hélène Brossel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Alexis Fontaine
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Grégoire
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Louise Halkin
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Majeed Jamakhani
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Vincent Heinen
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Renaud Louis
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Bernard Duysinx
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Malik Hamaidia
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Luc Willems
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Luc Willems,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Clinical, Laboratory, Histological, Radiological, and Metabolic Features and Prognosis of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58121874. [PMID: 36557076 PMCID: PMC9785569 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58121874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive and rare malignant pleural tumor. Methods: MPM patients diagnosed in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital and Beijing Tongren Hospital were the focus of this study. We collected and analyzed the histological, radiological, and metabolic features of MPM patients. At the same time, Cox univariable and multivariable analyses were used to explore the laboratory risk factors affecting the prognosis of MPM patients. Results: A total of 129 MPM patients were included in this study. MPM includes three main histological subtypes: epithelioid, sarcomatoid and biphasic. Among them, epithelial subtypes accounted for the highest proportion. Calretinin, Wilms' tumor gene (WT1), cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6), and D2-40 were the most useful mesothelial markers to support a MPM diagnosis. The imaging features of MPM patients are pleural thickening and pleural effusion. In PET-CT, the affected pleura showed obvious high uptake of tracer, and the degree was related to the specific subtype. The median follow-up time was 55.0 (30.0, 94.0) months. A total of 92 (71.3%) patients died during follow-up. The median survival time of patients was 21.0 (9.0, 48.0) months. The Cox multivariable analysis showed that age [hazard ratio (HR), 1.824; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.159-2.872; p = 0.009; uncorrected], ESR (HR, 2.197; 95% CI 1.318-3.664; p = 0.003; with Bonferroni correction), lymphocytes (HR, 0.436; 95% CI 0.258-0.737; p = 0.002; with Bonferroni correction), platelets (HR, 1.802; 95% CI 1.084-2.997; p = 0.023; uncorrected) and total protein (HR, 0.625; 95% CI 0.394-0.990; p = 0.045; uncorrected) were independent risk factors for prognosis, after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusions: Age, ESR, lymphocytes, platelets and total protein may be related to the prognosis of MPM patients. Summarizing the histological, radiological, and metabolic features of MPM patients in the two centers can increase clinicians' understanding of this rare tumor.
Collapse
|
12
|
Nash AM, Aghlara-Fotovat S, Castillio B, Hernandez A, Pugazenthi A, Lee HS, Jang HJ, Nguyen A, Lu A, Burt BM, Ghanta RK, Veiseh O. Activation of Adaptive and Innate Immune Cells via Localized IL2 Cytokine Factories Eradicates Mesothelioma Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:5121-5135. [PMID: 35993913 PMCID: PMC9713361 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE IL2 immunotherapy has the potential to elicit immune-mediated tumor lysis via activation of effector immune cells, but clinical utility is limited due to pharmacokinetic challenges as well as vascular leak syndrome and other life-threatening toxicities experienced by patients. We developed a safe and clinically translatable localized IL2 delivery system to boost the potency of therapy while minimizing systemic cytokine exposure. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of IL2 cytokine factories in a mouse model of malignant mesothelioma. Changes in immune populations were analyzed using time-of-flight mass cytometry (CyTOF), and the safety and translatability of the platform were evaluated using complete blood counts and serum chemistry analysis. RESULTS IL2 cytokine factories enabled 150× higher IL2 concentrations in the local compartment with limited leakage into the systemic circulation. AB1 tumor burden was reduced by 80% after 1 week of monotherapy treatment, and 7 of 7 of animals exhibited tumor eradication without recurrence when IL2 cytokine factories were combined with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (aPD1). Furthermore, CyTOF analysis showed an increase in CD69+CD44+ and CD69-CD44+CD62L- T cells, reduction of CD86-PD-L1- M2-like macrophages, and a corresponding increase in CD86+PD-L1+ M1-like macrophages and MHC-II+ dendritic cells after treatment. Finally, blood chemistry ranges in rodents demonstrated the safety of cytokine factory treatment and reinforced its potential for clinical use. CONCLUSIONS IL2 cytokine factories led to the eradication of aggressive mouse malignant mesothelioma tumors and protection from tumor recurrence, and increased the therapeutic efficacy of aPD1 checkpoint therapy. This study provides support for the clinical evaluation of this IL2-based delivery system. See related commentary by Palanki et al., p. 5010.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. Nash
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | | | - Aarthi Pugazenthi
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Hyun-Sung Lee
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Hee-Jin Jang
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Annie Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Alexander Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Bryan M. Burt
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ravi K. Ghanta
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Omid Veiseh
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Désage AL, Mismetti V, Jacob M, Pointel S, Perquis MP, Morfin M, Guezara S, Langrand A, Galor C, Trouillon T, Diaz A, Karpathiou G, Froudarakis M. Place du pneumologue interventionnel dans la gestion des pleurésies métastatiques. Rev Mal Respir 2022; 39:778-790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
14
|
Karpathiou G, Péoc’h M, Sundaralingam A, Rahman N, Froudarakis ME. Inflammation of the Pleural Cavity: A Review on Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Implications in Tumor Pathophysiology. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1415. [PMID: 35326567 PMCID: PMC8946533 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleural effusions are a common respiratory condition with many etiologies. Nonmalignant etiologies explain most pleural effusions and despite being nonmalignant, they can be associated with poor survival; thus, it is important to understand their pathophysiology. Furthermore, diagnosing a benign pleural pathology always harbors the uncertainty of a false-negative diagnosis for physicians and pathologists, especially for the group of non-specific pleuritis. This review aims to present the role of the inflammation in the development of benign pleural effusions, with a special interest in their pathophysiology and their association with malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Michel Péoc’h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Anand Sundaralingam
- Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK; (A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Najib Rahman
- Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK; (A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Marios E. Froudarakis
- Pneumonology and Thoracic Oncology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cersosimo F, Barbarino M, Lonardi S, Vermi W, Giordano A, Bellan C, Giurisato E. Mesothelioma Malignancy and the Microenvironment: Molecular Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225664. [PMID: 34830817 PMCID: PMC8616064 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported that cellular and soluble components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a key role in cancer-initiation and progression. Considering the relevance and the complexity of TME in cancer biology, recent research has focused on the investigation of the TME content, in terms of players and informational exchange. Understanding the crosstalk between tumor and non-tumor cells is crucial to design more beneficial anti-cancer therapeutic strategies. Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a complex and heterogenous tumor mainly caused by asbestos exposure with few treatment options and low life expectancy after standard therapy. MPM leukocyte infiltration is rich in macrophages. Given the failure of macrophages to eliminate asbestos fibers, these immune cells accumulate in pleural cavity leading to the establishment of a unique inflammatory environment and to the malignant transformation of mesothelial cells. In this inflammatory landscape, stromal and immune cells play a driven role to support tumor development and progression via a bidirectional communication with tumor cells. Characterization of the MPM microenvironment (MPM-ME) may be useful to understand the complexity of mesothelioma biology, such as to identify new molecular druggable targets, with the aim to improve the outcome of the disease. In this review, we summarize the known evidence about the MPM-ME network, including its prognostic and therapeutic relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cersosimo
- Department of Biotechnology Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Marcella Barbarino
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.B.); (A.G.); (C.B.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Silvia Lonardi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25100 Brescia, Italy; (S.L.); (W.V.)
| | - William Vermi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25100 Brescia, Italy; (S.L.); (W.V.)
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.B.); (A.G.); (C.B.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Cristiana Bellan
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.B.); (A.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Emanuele Giurisato
- Department of Biotechnology Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-057-723-2125
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lisini D, Lettieri S, Nava S, Accordino G, Frigerio S, Bortolotto C, Lancia A, Filippi AR, Agustoni F, Pandolfi L, Piloni D, Comoli P, Corsico AG, Stella GM. Local Therapies and Modulation of Tumor Surrounding Stroma in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Translational Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9014. [PMID: 34445720 PMCID: PMC8396500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive neoplasm of the pleural mesothelium, mainly associated with asbestos exposure and still lacking effective therapies. Modern targeted biological strategies that have revolutionized the therapy of other solid tumors have not had success so far in the MPM. Combination immunotherapy might achieve better results over chemotherapy alone, but there is still a need for more effective therapeutic approaches. Based on the peculiar disease features of MPM, several strategies for local therapeutic delivery have been developed over the past years. The common rationale of these approaches is: (i) to reduce the risk of drug inactivation before reaching the target tumor cells; (ii) to increase the concentration of active drugs in the tumor micro-environment and their bioavailability; (iii) to reduce toxic effects on normal, non-transformed cells, because of much lower drug doses than those used for systemic chemotherapy. The complex interactions between drugs and the local immune-inflammatory micro-environment modulate the subsequent clinical response. In this perspective, the main interest is currently addressed to the development of local drug delivery platforms, both cell therapy and engineered nanotools. We here propose a review aimed at deep investigation of the biologic effects of the current local therapies for MPM, including cell therapies, and the mechanisms of interaction with the tumor micro-environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Lisini
- Cell Therapy Production Unit-UPTC and Cerebrovascular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.L.); (S.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Sara Lettieri
- Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (G.A.); (L.P.); (D.P.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Sara Nava
- Cell Therapy Production Unit-UPTC and Cerebrovascular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.L.); (S.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Giulia Accordino
- Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (G.A.); (L.P.); (D.P.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Simona Frigerio
- Cell Therapy Production Unit-UPTC and Cerebrovascular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.L.); (S.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Chandra Bortolotto
- Unit of Radiology, Department of Intensive Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Lancia
- Unit of Radiation Therapy, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.L.); (A.R.F.)
| | - Andrea Riccardo Filippi
- Unit of Radiation Therapy, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.L.); (A.R.F.)
| | - Francesco Agustoni
- Unit of Oncology, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Laura Pandolfi
- Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (G.A.); (L.P.); (D.P.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Davide Piloni
- Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (G.A.); (L.P.); (D.P.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Patrizia Comoli
- Cell Factory and Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Angelo Guido Corsico
- Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (G.A.); (L.P.); (D.P.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Giulia Maria Stella
- Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (G.A.); (L.P.); (D.P.); (A.G.C.)
| |
Collapse
|