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Miranda-Roblero HO, Saavedra-Salazar LF, Galicia-Moreno M, Arceo-Orozco S, Caloca-Camarena F, Sandoval-Rodriguez A, García-Bañuelos J, Frias-Gonzalez C, Almeida-López M, Martínez-López E, Armendariz-Borunda J, Monroy-Ramirez HC. Pirfenidone Reverts Global DNA Hypomethylation, Promoting DNMT1/UHRF/PCNA Coupling Complex in Experimental Hepatocarcinoma. Cells 2024; 13:1013. [PMID: 38920644 PMCID: PMC11201610 DOI: 10.3390/cells13121013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development is associated with altered modifications in DNA methylation, changing transcriptional regulation. Emerging evidence indicates that DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) plays a key role in the carcinogenesis process. This study aimed to investigate how pirfenidone (PFD) modifies this pathway and the effect generated by the association between c-Myc expression and DNMT1 activation. Rats F344 were used for HCC development using 50 mg/kg of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 25 mg/kg of 2-Acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF). The HCC/PFD group received simultaneous doses of 300 mg/kg of PFD. All treatments lasted 12 weeks. On the other hand, HepG2 cells were used to evaluate the effects of PFD in restoring DNA methylation in the presence of the inhibitor 5-Aza. Histopathological, biochemical, immunohistochemical, and western blot analysis were carried out and our findings showed that PFD treatment reduced the amount and size of tumors along with decreased Glipican-3, β-catenin, and c-Myc expression in nuclear fractions. Also, this treatment improved lipid metabolism by modulating PPARγ and SREBP1 signaling. Interestingly, PFD augmented DNMT1 and DNMT3a protein expression, which restores global methylation, both in our in vivo and in vitro models. In conclusion, our results suggest that PFD could slow down HCC development by controlling DNA methylation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1/metabolism
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1/genetics
- DNA Methylation/drug effects
- DNA Methylation/genetics
- Pyridones/pharmacology
- Rats
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Humans
- Hep G2 Cells
- Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen/metabolism
- Male
- Rats, Inbred F344
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Diethylnitrosamine
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Hipolito Otoniel Miranda-Roblero
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biología Molecular en Medicina, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (H.O.M.-R.); (L.F.S.-S.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico; (M.G.-M.); (S.A.-O.); (F.C.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.G.-B.)
| | - Liliana Faridi Saavedra-Salazar
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biología Molecular en Medicina, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (H.O.M.-R.); (L.F.S.-S.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico; (M.G.-M.); (S.A.-O.); (F.C.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.G.-B.)
| | - Marina Galicia-Moreno
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico; (M.G.-M.); (S.A.-O.); (F.C.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.G.-B.)
| | - Scarlet Arceo-Orozco
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico; (M.G.-M.); (S.A.-O.); (F.C.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.G.-B.)
| | - Fernando Caloca-Camarena
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico; (M.G.-M.); (S.A.-O.); (F.C.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.G.-B.)
| | - Ana Sandoval-Rodriguez
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico; (M.G.-M.); (S.A.-O.); (F.C.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.G.-B.)
| | - Jesús García-Bañuelos
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico; (M.G.-M.); (S.A.-O.); (F.C.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.G.-B.)
| | - Claudia Frias-Gonzalez
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biología Molecular en Medicina, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (H.O.M.-R.); (L.F.S.-S.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico; (M.G.-M.); (S.A.-O.); (F.C.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.G.-B.)
| | - Mónica Almeida-López
- University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Erika Martínez-López
- Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
| | - Juan Armendariz-Borunda
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico; (M.G.-M.); (S.A.-O.); (F.C.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.G.-B.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Zapopan 45138, Mexico
| | - Hugo Christian Monroy-Ramirez
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico; (M.G.-M.); (S.A.-O.); (F.C.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.G.-B.)
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Pant A, Dakal TC, Moar K, Dhabhai B, Arora TK, Sharma NK, Ranga V, Maurya PK. Assessment of MMP14, CAV2, CLU and SPARCL1 expression profiles in endometriosis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154892. [PMID: 37898038 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Endometriotic cells exhibit a notable degree of invasiveness and some characteristics of tissue remodeling underlying lesion formation. In this regard, do matrix metalloproteinases 14 (MMP14) and other related genes such as SPARC-like protein 1 (SPARCL1), caveolin 2 (CAV2), and clusterin (CLU) exert any significant influence in the processes of endometriosis development and pathophysiology is not apparent. We aim to assess whether these genes could serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers in endometriosis. Microarray-based gene expression analysis was performed on total RNA extracted from endometriotic tissue samples treated with and without gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa). The GnRHa untreated patients were considered the control group. The validation of genes was performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). qRT-PCR analysis showed significant downregulation in the expression of MMP14 (p = 0.024), CAV2 (p = 0.017), and upregulation of CLU (p = 0.005) in endometriosis patients treated with GnRHa. SPARCL1 did not show any significant (p = 0.30) change in the expression compared to the control group. These data have the potential to contribute to the comprehension of the molecular pathways implicated in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix, which is a vital step for the physiology of the endometrium. Based on the result, it is concluded that changes in the expression of MMP14, CAV2, and CLU post-treatment imply their role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis and may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker of endometriosis in response to GnRHa treatment in patients with ovarian endometrioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Pant
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Tikam Chand Dakal
- Genome and Computational Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kareena Moar
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Bhanupriya Dhabhai
- Genome and Computational Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Taruna K Arora
- Reproductive Biology and Maternal Child Health Division, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Sharma
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vipin Ranga
- Department of Biotechnology-North East Centre for Agricultural Biotechnology (DBT-NECAB), Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat 785013, Assam, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India.
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