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Magesh S, Gande P, Yalamarty R, John D, Chakladar J, Li WT, Ongkeko WM. Characterization of tRNA-Derived Fragments in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Respect to Tobacco Smoke. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065501. [PMID: 36982573 PMCID: PMC10057801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a highly heterogeneous cancer that is influenced by etiological agents such as tobacco smoke. Accordingly, transfer RNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are implicated in both cancer onset and development and demonstrate the potential to act as targets for cancer treatments and therapies. Therefore, we aimed to characterize tRF expression with respect to LUSC pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. Specifically, we analyzed the effect of tobacco smoke on tRF expression. In order to do so, we extracted tRF read counts from MINTbase v2.0 for 425 primary tumor samples and 36 adjacent normal samples. We analyzed the data in three primary cohorts: (1) all primary tumor samples (425 samples), (2) smoking-induced LUSC primary tumor samples (134 samples), and (3) non-smoking-induced LUSC primary tumor samples (18 samples). Differential expression analysis was performed to examine tRF expression in each of the three cohorts. tRF expression was correlated to clinical variables and patient survival outcomes. We identified unique tRFs in primary tumor samples, smoking-induced LUSC primary tumor samples, and non-smoking-induced LUSC primary tumor samples. In addition, many of these tRFs demonstrated correlations to worse patient survival outcomes. Notably, tRFs in the smoking-induced LUSC and non-smoking-induced LUSC primary tumor cohorts were significantly correlated to clinical variables pertaining to cancer stage and treatment efficacy. We hope that our results will be used to better inform future LUSC diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Magesh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Pranava Gande
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Rishabh Yalamarty
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Daniel John
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Jaideep Chakladar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Wei Tse Li
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Weg M. Ongkeko
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-858-552-8585 (ext. 7165)
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Yang Y, Shen C, Shao J, Wang Y, Wang G, Shen A. Based on the Development and Verification of a Risk Stratification Nomogram: Predicting the Risk of Lung Cancer-Specific Mortality in Stage IIIA-N2 Unresectable Large Cell Lung Neuroendocrine Cancer Compared With Lung Squamous Cell Cancer and Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:825598. [PMID: 35847910 PMCID: PMC9282874 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.825598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to predict overall survival (OS) and lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS) in patients with stage IIIA-N2 unresectable lung squamous cell cancer (LUSC), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and large cell neuroendocrine cancer (LCNEC) by constructing nomograms and to compare risk and prognostic factors affecting survival outcomes in different histological subtypes. Methods We included 11,505 unresectable NSCLC patients at stage IIIA-N2 between 2010 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Moreover, competition models and nomograms were developed to predict prognostic factors for OS and LCSS. Results Analysis of the SEER database identified 11,505 NSCLC patients, of whom 5,559 (48.3%) have LUAD, 5,842 (50.8%) have LUSC, and 104 (0.9%) have LCNEC. Overall, both OS and LCSS were significantly better in stage IIIA-N2 unresectable LUAD than in LCNEC, while there was no statistically significant difference between LUSC and LCNEC. Age, gender, T stage, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were significantly associated with OS rates in LUAD and LUSC. However, chemotherapy was the only independent factor for LCNEC (p < 0.01).From competitive risk models, we found that older age, larger tumors, non-chemotherapy and non-radiotherapy were associated with a increased risk of death from LUAD and LUSC. Unlike prognostic factors for OS, our study showed that both chemotherapy and radiotherapy were all LCNEC-specific survival factors for both LCSS and non-LCSS LCNEC. Conclusion Our study reports that unresectable patients with stage IIIA-N2 LCNEC and LUSC have worse LCSS than LUAD. The study’s first prognostic nomogram constructed for patients with unresectable stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC can accurately predict the survival of different histological types, which may provide a practical tool to help clinicians assess prognosis and stratify these prognostic risks to determine which patients should be given an optimized individual treatment strategy based on histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Cheng Shen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Jingjing Shao
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yilang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Gaoren Wang
- Department of Radiology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Aiguo Shen
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Aiguo Shen,
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