1
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You H, Zhao P, Zhao X, Zheng Q, Ma W, Cheng K, Li M, Kou J, Feng W. Promotion of tumor angiogenesis and growth induced by low-dose antineoplastic agents via bone-marrow-derived cells in tumor tissues. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1414832. [PMID: 39119610 PMCID: PMC11306047 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1414832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background More research is needed to solidify the basis for reasonable metronomic chemotherapy regimens due to the inconsistent clinical outcomes from studies on metronomic chemotherapy with antineoplastic agents, along with signs of a nonlinear dose-response relationship at low doses. The present study therefore explored the dose-response relationships of representative antineoplastic agents in low dose ranges and their underlying mechanisms. Methods Cyclophosphamide (CPA) and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) were employed to observe the effects of the frequent administration of low-dose antineoplastic agents on tumor growth, tumor angiogenesis, and bone-marrow-derived cell (BMDC) mobilization in mouse models. The effects of antineoplastic agents on tumor and endothelial cell functions with or without BMDCs were analyzed in vitro. Results Tumor growth and metastasis were significantly promoted after the administration of CPA or 5-Fu at certain low dose ranges, and were accompanied by enhanced tumor angiogenesis and proangiogenic factor expression in tumor tissues, increased proangiogenic BMDC release in the circulating blood, and augmented proangiogenic BMDC retention in tumor tissues. Low concentrations of CPA or 5-Fu were found to significantly promote tumor cell migration and invasion, and enhance BMDC adhesion to endothelial cells in vitro. Conclusion These results suggest that there are risks in empirical metronomic chemotherapy using low-dose antineoplastic agents and the optimal dosage and administration schedule of antineoplastic agents need to be determined through further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Weiyi Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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2
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Bharadwaj D, Mandal M. Tumor microenvironment: A playground for cells from multiple diverse origins. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189158. [PMID: 39032537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment is formed by various cellular and non-cellular components which interact with one another and form a complex network of interactions. Some of these cellular components also attain a secretory phenotype and release growth factors, cytokines, chemokines etc. in the surroundings which are capable of inducing even greater number of signalling networks. All these interactions play a decisive role in determining the course of tumorigenesis. The treatment strategies against cancer also exert their impact on the local microenvironment. Such interactions and anticancer therapies have been found to induce more deleterious outcomes like immunosuppression and chemoresistance in the process of tumor progression. Hence, understanding the tumor microenvironment is crucial for dealing with cancer and chemoresistance. This review is an attempt to develop some understanding about the tumor microenvironment and different factors which modulate it, thereby contributing to tumorigenesis. Along with summarising the major components of tumor microenvironment and various interactions taking place between them, it also throws some light on how the existing and potential therapies exert their impact on these dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblina Bharadwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, KIT-Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
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3
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Petrucci GN, Magalhães TR, Dias M, Queiroga FL. Metronomic chemotherapy: bridging theory to clinical application in canine and feline oncology. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1397376. [PMID: 38903691 PMCID: PMC11187343 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1397376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Veterinary oncology has experienced significant evolution over the last few decades, with chemotherapy being currently applied to several neoplasms with therapeutic success. Traditionally, chemotherapy protocols are based on classic cytostatic drugs under the concept of maximum tolerated dose (MTD), which has been associated with a greater risk of toxicity and resistance. Thus, new therapeutic alternatives have emerged, such as metronomic chemotherapy (MC), introducing a new paradigm in cancer treatment. MC consists of administering low doses of chemotherapy drugs continuously over a long period of time, modulating the tumour microenvironment (TME) due to the combination of cytotoxic, antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory effects. This multi-targeted therapy has been described as a treatment option in several canine and feline cancers since 2007, with positive results already published in the literature, particularly in mammary carcinomas and soft tissue sarcomas in dogs. The aim of this review article is to describe the current knowledge about the use of MC in small animal oncology, with emphasis on its mechanisms of action, the most commonly used drugs and clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo N. Petrucci
- Onevet Hospital Veterinário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Animal and Veterinary Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Center for Investigation Vasco da Gama (CIVG), Vasco da Gama University School (EUVG), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tomás Rodrigues Magalhães
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Márcia Dias
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Felisbina Luísa Queiroga
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for the Study of Animal Science, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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4
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Basar OY, Mohammed S, Qoronfleh MW, Acar A. Optimizing cancer therapy: a review of the multifaceted effects of metronomic chemotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1369597. [PMID: 38813084 PMCID: PMC11133583 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1369597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Metronomic chemotherapy (MCT), characterized by the continuous administration of chemotherapeutics at a lower dose without prolonged drug-free periods, has garnered significant attention over the last 2 decades. Extensive evidence from both pre-clinical and clinical settings indicates that MCT induces distinct biological effects than the standard Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) chemotherapy. The low toxicity profile, reduced likelihood of inducing acquired therapeutic resistance, and low cost of MCT render it an attractive chemotherapeutic regimen option. One of the most prominent aspects of MCT is its anti-angiogenesis effects. It has been shown to stimulate the expression of anti-angiogenic molecules, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis. In addition, MCT has been shown to decrease the regulatory T-cell population and promote anti-tumor immune response through inducing dendritic cell maturation and increasing the number of cytotoxic T-cells. Combination therapies utilizing MCT along with oncolytic virotherapy, radiotherapy or other chemotherapeutic regimens have been studied extensively. This review provides an overview of the current status of MCT research and the established mechanisms of action of MCT treatment and also offers insights into potential avenues of development for MCT in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyku Yagmur Basar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Sawsan Mohammed
- Qatar University, QU Health, College of Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - M. Walid Qoronfleh
- Q3 Research Institute (QRI), Research and Policy Division, Ypsilanti, MI, United States
| | - Ahmet Acar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Türkiye
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5
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Harrer DC, Lüke F, Pukrop T, Ghibelli L, Reichle A, Heudobler D. Addressing Genetic Tumor Heterogeneity, Post-Therapy Metastatic Spread, Cancer Repopulation, and Development of Acquired Tumor Cell Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:180. [PMID: 38201607 PMCID: PMC10778239 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The concept of post-therapy metastatic spread, cancer repopulation and acquired tumor cell resistance (M-CRAC) rationalizes tumor progression because of tumor cell heterogeneity arising from post-therapy genetic damage and subsequent tissue repair mechanisms. Therapeutic strategies designed to specifically address M-CRAC involve tissue editing approaches, such as low-dose metronomic chemotherapy and the use of transcriptional modulators with or without targeted therapies. Notably, tumor tissue editing holds the potential to treat patients, who are refractory to or relapsing (r/r) after conventional chemotherapy, which is usually based on administering a maximum tolerable dose of a cytostatic drugs. Clinical trials enrolling patients with r/r malignancies, e.g., non-small cell lung cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis and acute myelocytic leukemia, indicate that tissue editing approaches could yield tangible clinical benefit. In contrast to conventional chemotherapy or state-of-the-art precision medicine, tissue editing employs a multi-pronged approach targeting important drivers of M-CRAC across various tumor entities, thereby, simultaneously engaging tumor cell differentiation, immunomodulation, and inflammation control. In this review, we highlight the M-CRAC concept as a major factor in resistance to conventional cancer therapies and discusses tissue editing as a potential treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Christoph Harrer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (D.C.H.); (F.L.); (T.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Florian Lüke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (D.C.H.); (F.L.); (T.P.); (D.H.)
- Division of Personalized Tumor Therapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, 30625 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Pukrop
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (D.C.H.); (F.L.); (T.P.); (D.H.)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Albrecht Reichle
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (D.C.H.); (F.L.); (T.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Daniel Heudobler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (D.C.H.); (F.L.); (T.P.); (D.H.)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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6
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Gonzalez-Valdivieso J, Vallejo R, Rodriguez-Rojo S, Santos M, Schneider J, Arias FJ, Girotti A. CD44-targeted nanoparticles for co-delivery of docetaxel and an Akt inhibitor against colorectal cancer. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213595. [PMID: 37639856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
New strategies to develop drug-loaded nanocarriers with improved therapeutic efficacy are needed for cancer treatment. Herein we report a novel drug-delivery nanosystem comprising encapsulation of the chemotherapeutic drug docetaxel (DTX) and recombinant fusion of a small peptide inhibitor of Akt kinase within an elastin-like recombinamer (ELR) vehicle. This combined approach is also precisely targeted to colorectal cancer cells by means of a chemically conjugated DNA aptamer specific for the CD44 tumor marker. This 53 nm dual-approach nanosystem was found to selectively affect cell viability (2.5 % survival) and proliferation of colorectal cancer cells in vitro compared to endothelial cells (50 % survival), and to trigger both apoptosis- and necrosis-mediated cell death. Our findings also show that the nanohybrid particles remain stable under physiological conditions, trigger sustained drug release and possess an adequate pharmacokinetic profile after systemic intravenous administration. In vivo assays showed that these dual-approach nanohybrids significantly reduced the number of tumor polyps along the colorectal tract in a murine colorectal cancer model. Furthermore, systemic administration of advanced nanohybrids induced tissue recovery by improving the morphology of gastrointestinal crypts and the tissue architecture. Taken together, these findings indicate that our strategy of an advanced dual-approach nanosystem allows us to achieve successful controlled release of chemotherapeutics in cancer cells and may have a promising potential for colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gonzalez-Valdivieso
- Smart Devices for NanoMedicine Group, University of Valladolid, LUCIA Building, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Reinaldo Vallejo
- Smart Devices for NanoMedicine Group, University of Valladolid, LUCIA Building, Valladolid, Spain; BioEcoUVa, Research Institute on Bioeconomy, High Pressure Process Group, University of Valladolid, Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Mergelina, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Soraya Rodriguez-Rojo
- BioEcoUVa, Research Institute on Bioeconomy, High Pressure Process Group, University of Valladolid, Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Sede Mergelina, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Santos
- BIOFORGE Research Group (Group for Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology), University of Valladolid, CIBER-BBN, LUCIA Building, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jose Schneider
- Smart Devices for NanoMedicine Group, University of Valladolid, LUCIA Building, Valladolid, Spain; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Valladolid, School of Medicine, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Arias
- Smart Devices for NanoMedicine Group, University of Valladolid, LUCIA Building, Valladolid, Spain; Unidad de excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM), University of Valladolid CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Alessandra Girotti
- Smart Devices for NanoMedicine Group, University of Valladolid, LUCIA Building, Valladolid, Spain; Unidad de excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM), University of Valladolid CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.
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7
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Hong JH, Woo IS. Metronomic chemotherapy as a potential partner of immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer treatment. Cancer Lett 2023; 565:216236. [PMID: 37209943 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in clinical practice for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is currently limited to patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) or high microsatellite instability (MSI-H), which comprise less than 5% of all mCRC cases. Combining ICIs with anti-angiogenic inhibitors, which modulate the tumor microenvironment, may reinforce and synergize the anti-tumor immune responses of ICIs. In mCRCs, combinations of pembrolizumab and lenvatinib have shown good efficacy in early phase trials. These results suggest the potential utility of immune modulators as partners in combination treatment with ICIs in immunologically cold microsatellite stable, as well as hot dMMR/MSI-H tumors. Unlike conventional pulsatile maximum tolerated dose chemotherapy, low-dose metronomic (LDM) chemotherapy recruits immune cells and normalizes vascular-immune crosstalk, similar to anti-angiogenic drugs. LDM chemotherapy mostly modulates the tumor stroma rather than directly killing tumor cells. Here, we review the mechanism of LDM chemotherapy in terms of immune modulation and its potential as a combination partner with ICIs for the treatment of patients with mCRC tumors, most of which are immunologically cold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyung Hong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 03312, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sook Woo
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 07345, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Chen Q, Li C, Wang Q. Multifunctional Nano-Biomaterials for Cancer Therapy via Inducing Enhanced Immunogenic Cell Death. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201457. [PMID: 36703555 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is considered to be one of the most promising methods to overcome cancer. Immunogenic cell death (ICD), as a special form of cell death that can trigger an antitumor immune response, has attracted increasing attention for cancer immunotherapy. Presently, ICD-mediating immunotherapy needs to overcome many hurdles including a lack of targeted delivery systems for ICD inducers, insufficient antitumor immunity, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Recent research has demonstrated that nano-biomaterials exhibit unique biochemphysical properties at the nanoscale, providing a prospective approach to overcoming these obstacles. In this review, the authors first survey the occurrence, processes, and detection methods of ICD. Subsequently, the recent advances of nano-biomaterials applied to enhance ICD according to the key steps in the process of ICD, particularly with a focus on the mechanisms and lifting schemes are investigated. Finally, based on the achievement in the representative studies, the prospects and challenges of nanotechnology in ICD for cancer therapy are discussed to enable clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
- North District of Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qiangbin Wang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
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9
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Liu B, Wang S, Xu M, Ma Y, Sun R, Ding H, Li L. The double-edged role of hydrogen sulfide in the pathomechanism of multiple liver diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:899859. [PMID: 36588686 PMCID: PMC9800830 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.899859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammalian systems, hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-one of the three known gaseous signaling molecules in mammals-has been found to have a variety of physiological functions. Existing studies have demonstrated that endogenous H2S is produced through enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. The liver is the body's largest solid organ and is essential for H2S synthesis and elimination. Mounting evidence suggests H2S has essential roles in various aspects of liver physiological processes and pathological conditions, such as hepatic lipid metabolism, liver fibrosis, liver ischemia‒reperfusion injury, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatotoxicity, and acute liver failure. In this review, we discuss the functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of H2S in multiple liver pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihan Liu
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiguo Ding
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Lei Li,
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10
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Ruzanova V, Proskurina A, Efremov Y, Kirikovich S, Ritter G, Levites E, Dolgova E, Potter E, Babaeva O, Sidorov S, Taranov O, Ostanin A, Chernykh E, Bogachev S. Chronometric Administration of Cyclophosphamide and a Double-Stranded DNA-Mix at Interstrand Crosslinks Repair Timing, Called "Karanahan" Therapy, Is Highly Efficient in a Weakly Immunogenic Lewis Carcinoma Model. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610180. [PMID: 35693632 PMCID: PMC9185167 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aims: A new technology based on the chronometric administration of cyclophosphamide and complex composite double-stranded DNA-based compound, which is scheduled in strict dependence on interstrand crosslinks repair timing, and named “Karanahan”, has been developed. Being applied, this technology results in the eradication of tumor-initiating stem cells and full-scale apoptosis of committed tumor cells. In the present study, the efficacy of this novel approach has been estimated in the model of Lewis carcinoma. Methods: To determine the basic indicative parameters for the approach, the duration of DNA repair in tumor cells, as well as their distribution along the cell cycle, have been assessed. Injections were done into one or both tumors in femoral region of the engrafted mice in accordance with the developed regimen. Four series of experiments were carried out at different periods of time. The content of poorly differentiated CD34+/TAMRA+ cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood has been determined. Immunostaining followed by the flow cytometry was used to analyze the subpopulations of immune cells. Results: The high antitumor efficacy of the new technology against the developed experimental Lewis carcinoma was shown. It was found that the therapy efficacy depended on the number of tumor growth sites, seasonal and annual peculiarities. In some experiments, a long-term remission has been reached in 70% of animals with a single tumor and in 60% with two tumors. In mice with two developed grafts, mobilization capabilities of both poorly differentiated hematopoietic cells of the host and tumor stem-like cells decrease significantly. Being applied, this new technology was shown to activate a specific immune response. There is an increase in the number of NK cell populations in the blood, tumor, and spleen, killer T cells and T helper cells in the tumor and spleen, CD11b+Ly-6C+ and CD11b+Ly-6G+ cells in the tumor. A population of mature dendritic cells is found in the tumor. Conclusion: The performed experiments indicate the efficacy of the Karanahan approach against incurable Lewis carcinoma. Thus, the discussed therapy is a new approach for treating experimental neoplasms, which has a potential as a personalized anti-tumor therapeutic approach in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Ruzanova
- Laboratory of Induced Cellular Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia Proskurina
- Laboratory of Induced Cellular Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Efremov
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Common Use Center for Microscopic Analysis of Biological Objects SB RAS, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana Kirikovich
- Laboratory of Induced Cellular Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Genrikh Ritter
- Laboratory of Induced Cellular Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenii Levites
- Laboratory of Induced Cellular Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenia Dolgova
- Laboratory of Induced Cellular Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Potter
- Laboratory of Induced Cellular Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oksana Babaeva
- Oncology Department, Municipal Hospital No. 1, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Sidorov
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Oncology Department, Municipal Hospital No. 1, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg Taranov
- Laboratory of Microscopic Research, State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Koltsovo, Russia
| | - Alexandr Ostanin
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Chernykh
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Bogachev
- Laboratory of Induced Cellular Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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