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Neairat T, Al-Gawati M, Tul Ain Q, Assaifan AK, Alshamsan A, Alarifi A, Alodhayb AN, Alzahrani KE, Albrithen H. Development of a microcantilever-based biosensor for detecting Programmed Death Ligand 1. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102051. [PMID: 38812944 PMCID: PMC11134855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The ongoing global concern of cancer worldwide necessitates the development of advanced diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The majority of recent detection strategies involve the employment of biomarkers. A critical biomarker for cancer immunotherapy efficacy and patient prognosis is Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is a key immune checkpoint protein. PD-L1 can be particularly linked to cancer progression and therapy response. Current detection methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), face limitations like high cost, time consumption, and complexity. This study introduces a microcantilever-based biosensor designed for the detection of soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1), which has a specific association with PD-L1. The biosensor utilizes anti-PD-L1 as the sensing layer, capitalizing on the specific binding affinity between anti-PD-L1 and sPD-L1. The presence of the sensing layer was confirmed through Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurements. Binding between sPD-L1 and anti-PD-L1 induces a shift in the microcantilever's resonance frequency, which is proportional to the PD-L1 concentration. Notably, the resonance frequency shift demonstrates a robust linear relationship with the increasing biomarker concentration, ranging from 0.05 ng/ml to 500 ng/ml. The detection limit of the biosensor was determined to be approximately 10 pg/ml. The biosensor demonstrates excellent performance in detecting PD-L1 with high specificity even in complex biological matrices. This innovative approach not only provides a promising tool for early cancer diagnosis but also holds potential for monitoring immunotherapy efficacy, paving the way for personalized and effective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tajweed Neairat
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Al-Gawati
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qura Tul Ain
- Department of Physics, The Women University Multan, Khawajabad, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Abdulaziz K. Assaifan
- Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aws Alshamsan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alarifi
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah N. Alodhayb
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid E. Alzahrani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Albrithen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Qu J, Wu B, Chen L, Wen Z, Fang L, Zheng J, Shen Q, Heng J, Zhou J, Zhou J. CXCR6-positive circulating mucosal-associated invariant T cells can identify patients with non-small cell lung cancer responding to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:134. [PMID: 38698468 PMCID: PMC11067263 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have been reported to regulate tumor immunity. However, the immune characteristics of MAIT cells in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and their correlation with the treatment efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remain unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), flow cytometry, and multiplex immunofluorescence assays to determine the proportion and characteristics of CD8+MAIT cells in patients with metastatic NSCLC who did and did not respond to anti-PD-1 therapy. Survival analyses were employed to determine the effects of MAIT proportion and C-X-C chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) expression on the prognosis of patients with advanced NSCLC. RESULTS The proportion of activated and proliferating CD8+MAIT cells were significantly higher in responders-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and lung tissues before anti-PD-1 therapy, with enhanced expression of cytotoxicity-related genes including CCL4, KLRG1, PRF1, NCR3, NKG7, GZMB, and KLRK1. The responders' peripheral and tumor-infiltrating CD8+MAIT cells showed an upregulated CXCR6 expression. Similarly, CXCR6+CD8+MAIT cells from responders showed higher expression of cytotoxicity-related genes, such as CST7, GNLY, KLRG1, NKG7, and PRF1. Patients with ≥15.1% CD8+MAIT cells to CD8+T cells ratio and ≥35.9% CXCR6+CD8+MAIT cells to CD8+MAIT cells ratio in peripheral blood showed better progression-free survival (PFS) after immunotherapy. The role of CD8+MAIT cells in lung cancer immunotherapy was potentially mediated by classical/non-classical monocytes through the CXCL16-CXCR6 axis. CONCLUSION CD8+MAIT cells are a potential predictive biomarker for patients with NSCLC responding to anti-PD-1 therapy. The correlation between CD8+MAIT cells and immunotherapy sensitivity may be ascribed to high CXCR6 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Binggen Wu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P.R. China
| | - Zuoshi Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Liangjie Fang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Jianfu Heng
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Research Institution, Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China.
| | - Jianya Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China.
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China.
| | - Jianying Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
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3
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Crimini E, Boscolo Bielo L, Berton Giachetti PPM, Pellizzari G, Antonarelli G, Taurelli Salimbeni B, Repetto M, Belli C, Curigliano G. Beyond PD(L)-1 Blockade in Microsatellite-Instable Cancers: Current Landscape of Immune Co-Inhibitory Receptor Targeting. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:281. [PMID: 38254772 PMCID: PMC10813411 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
High microsatellite instability (MSI-H) derives from genomic hypermutability due to deficient mismatch repair function. Colorectal (CRC) and endometrial cancers (EC) are the tumor types that more often present MSI-H. Anti-PD(L)-1 antibodies have been demonstrated to be agnostically effective in patients with MSI-H cancer, but 50-60% of them do not respond to single-agent treatment, highlighting the necessity of expanding their treatment opportunities. Ipilimumab (anti-CTLA4) is the only immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) non-targeting PD(L)-1 that has been approved so far by the FDA for MSI-H cancer, namely, CRC in combination with nivolumab. Anti-TIM3 antibody LY3321367 showed interesting clinical activity in combination with anti-PDL-1 antibody in patients with MSI-H cancer not previously treated with anti-PD(L)-1. In contrast, no clinical evidence is available for anti-LAG3, anti-TIGIT, anti-BTLA, anti-ICOS and anti-IDO1 antibodies in MSI-H cancers, but clinical trials are ongoing. Other immunotherapeutic strategies under study for MSI-H cancers include vaccines, systemic immunomodulators, STING agonists, PKM2 activators, T-cell immunotherapy, LAIR-1 immunosuppression reversal, IL5 superagonists, oncolytic viruses and IL12 partial agonists. In conclusion, several combination therapies of ICIs and novel strategies are emerging and may revolutionize the treatment paradigm of MSI-H patients in the future. A huge effort will be necessary to find reliable immune biomarkers to personalize therapeutical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Crimini
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy (G.P.); (G.A.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Boscolo Bielo
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy (G.P.); (G.A.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Maria Berton Giachetti
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy (G.P.); (G.A.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Pellizzari
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy (G.P.); (G.A.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Antonarelli
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy (G.P.); (G.A.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Taurelli Salimbeni
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy (G.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Matteo Repetto
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Carmen Belli
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy (G.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy (G.P.); (G.A.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Krishnamurthy N, Nishizaki D, Lippman SM, Miyashita H, Nesline MK, Pabla S, Conroy JM, DePietro P, Kato S, Kurzrock R. High CTLA-4 transcriptomic expression correlates with high expression of other checkpoints and with immunotherapy outcome. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359231220510. [PMID: 38188465 PMCID: PMC10771755 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231220510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background CTLA-4 impedes the immune system's antitumor response. There are two Food and Drug Administration-approved anti-CTLA-4 agents - ipilimumab and tremelimumab - both used together with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents. Objective To assess the prognostic implications and immunologic correlates of high CTLA-4 in tumors of patients on immunotherapy and those on non-immunotherapy treatments. Design/methods We evaluated RNA expression levels in a clinical-grade laboratory and clinical correlates of CTLA-4 and other immune checkpoints in 514 tumors, including 489 patients with advanced/metastatic cancers and full outcome annotation. A reference population (735 tumors; 35 histologies) was used to normalize and rank transcript abundance (0-100 percentile) to internal housekeeping gene profiles. Results The most common tumor types were colorectal (140/514, 27%), pancreatic (55/514, 11%), breast (49/514, 10%), and ovarian cancers (43/514, 8%). Overall, 87 of 514 tumors (16.9%) had high CTLA-4 transcript expression (⩾75th percentile rank). Cancers with the largest proportion of high CTLA-4 transcripts were cervical cancer (80% of patients), small intestine cancer (33.3%), and melanoma (33.3%). High CTLA-4 RNA independently/significantly correlated with high PD-1, PD- L2, and LAG3 RNA levels (and with high PD-L1 in univariate analysis). High CTLA-4 RNA expression was not correlated with survival from the time of metastatic disease [N = 272 patients who never received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)]. However, in 217 patients treated with ICIs (mostly anti-PD-1/anti-PD- L1), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly longer among patients with high versus non-high CTLA-4 expression [hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval: 0.6 (0.4-0.9) p = 0.008; and 0.5 (0.3-0.8) p = 0.002, respectively]; results were unchanged when 18 patients who received anti-CTLA-4 were omitted. Patients whose tumors had high CTLA-4 and high PD-L1 did best; those with high PD-L1 but non-high CTLA-4 and/or other expression patterns had poorer outcomes for PFS (p = 0.004) and OS (p = 0.009) after immunotherapy. Conclusion High CTLA-4, especially when combined with high PD-L1 transcript expression, was a significant positive predictive biomarker for better outcomes (PFS and OS) in patients on immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Krishnamurthy
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Daisuke Nishizaki
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Scott M. Lippman
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hirotaka Miyashita
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Shumei Kato
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- MCW Cancer Center and Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- WIN Consortium, Paris, France
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Larkin J, Del Vecchio M, Mandalá M, Gogas H, Arance Fernandez AM, Dalle S, Cowey CL, Schenker M, Grob JJ, Chiarion-Sileni V, Marquez-Rodas I, Butler MO, Di Giacomo AM, Middleton MR, Lutzky J, de la Cruz-Merino L, Arenberger P, Atkinson V, Hill AG, Fecher LA, Millward M, Nathan PD, Khushalani NI, Queirolo P, Ritchings C, Lobo M, Askelson M, Tang H, Dolfi S, Ascierto PA, Weber J. Adjuvant Nivolumab versus Ipilimumab in Resected Stage III/IV Melanoma: 5-Year Efficacy and Biomarker Results from CheckMate 238. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3352-3361. [PMID: 37058595 PMCID: PMC10472092 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-3145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the phase III CheckMate 238 study, adjuvant nivolumab significantly improved recurrence-free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis-free survival versus ipilimumab in patients with resected stage IIIB-C or stage IV melanoma, with benefit sustained at 4 years. We report updated 5-year efficacy and biomarker findings. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with resected stage IIIB-C/IV melanoma were stratified by stage and baseline programmed death cell ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and received nivolumab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks or ipilimumab 10 mg/kg every 3 weeks for four doses and then every 12 weeks, both intravenously for 1 year until disease recurrence, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent. The primary endpoint was RFS. RESULTS At a minimum follow-up of 62 months, RFS with nivolumab remained superior to ipilimumab (HR = 0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.60-0.86; 5-year rates of 50% vs. 39%). Five-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rates were 58% with nivolumab versus 51% with ipilimumab. Five-year overall survival (OS) rates were 76% with nivolumab and 72% with ipilimumab (75% data maturity: 228 of 302 planned events). Higher levels of tumor mutational burden (TMB), tumor PD-L1, intratumoral CD8+ T cells and IFNγ-associated gene expression signature, and lower levels of peripheral serum C-reactive protein were associated with improved RFS and OS with both nivolumab and ipilimumab, albeit with limited clinically meaningful predictive value. CONCLUSIONS Nivolumab is a proven adjuvant treatment for resected melanoma at high risk of recurrence, with sustained, long-term improvement in RFS and DMFS compared with ipilimumab and high OS rates. Identification of additional biomarkers is needed to better predict treatment outcome. See related commentary by Augustin and Luke, p. 3253.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Larkin
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Helen Gogas
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ivan Marquez-Rodas
- General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón and CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Jose Lutzky
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, Florida
| | - Luis de la Cruz-Merino
- Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Clinical Oncology Department, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Petr Arenberger
- Charles University Third Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Victoria Atkinson
- Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Michael Millward
- University of Western Australia and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hao Tang
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey
| | | | - Paolo A. Ascierto
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Jeffrey Weber
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone Health, New York
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6
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Wang X, Huang J, Huang H, Liu Y, Ji C, Liu J. Safety and efficacy of immunotherapy plus chemotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer: a retrospective cohort study. Invest New Drugs 2023; 41:579-586. [PMID: 37368088 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-023-01379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combined use of programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitors and chemotherapy has reshaped the treatment landscape of advanced or metastatic gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy in a neoadjuvant setting for locally advanced GC (LAGC). METHODS Patients diagnosed with clinical stage II-III GC undergoing neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy were enrolled from December 2019 to July 2022. Clinicopathological characteristics, pathological information, and survival data were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS A total of 42 eligible patients were enrolled, of whom 37 (88.1%) had clinical stage III disease. All the patients underwent surgery, and the R0 resection rate was 90.5%. Major pathological response (MPR) and pathological complete response (pCR) rates were 42.9% and 26.2%, respectively. The overall TNM downstaging rate was 76.2%. A total of 36 (85.7%) patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. With a median follow-up of 23.1 months, four patients died after tumor recurrence, and three were alive with recurrence. The 1-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 94.4% and 89.5%, respectively, and the median OS and DFS were not reached. Neoadjuvant treatment was well tolerated with no grade 4-5 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) observed. The most common grade 3 TRAEs were anemia and alanine aminotransferase increase (n = 2 each, 9.6%). CONCLUSIONS PD-1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy demonstrated promising efficacy, with encouraging pCR and survival outcomes in a neoadjuvant setting for patients with LAGC. The combined therapy also showed a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, No. 33 Mashi Street, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jinxiang Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, No. 33 Mashi Street, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - He Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, No. 33 Mashi Street, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, No. 33 Mashi Street, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Chao Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, No. 33 Mashi Street, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, No. 33 Mashi Street, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.
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Li X, Younis MH, Wei W, Cai W. PD-L1 - targeted magnetic fluorescent hybrid nanoparticles: Illuminating the path of image-guided cancer immunotherapy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:2240-2243. [PMID: 36943430 PMCID: PMC10272096 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06202-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of WI - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Muhsin H Younis
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of WI - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Weijun Wei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weibo Cai
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of WI - Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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8
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Kaufman B, Abramov O, Ievko A, Apple D, Shlapobersky M, Allon I, Greenshpan Y, Bhattachrya B, Cohen O, Charkovsky T, Gayster A, Shaco-Levy R, Rouvinov K, Livoff A, Elkabets M, Porgador A. Functional binding of PD1 ligands predicts response to anti-PD1 treatment in patients with cancer. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg2809. [PMID: 37235664 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg2809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Accurate predictive biomarkers of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are required for better stratifying patients with cancer to ICI treatments. Here, we present a new concept for a bioassay to predict the response to anti-PD1 therapies, which is based on measuring the binding functionality of PDL1 and PDL2 to their receptor, PD1. In detail, we developed a cell-based reporting system, called the immuno-checkpoint artificial reporter with overexpression of PD1 (IcAR-PD1) and evaluated the functionality of PDL1 and PDL2 binding in tumor cell lines, patient-derived xenografts, and fixed-tissue tumor samples obtained from patients with cancer. In a retrospective clinical study, we found that the functionality of PDL1 and PDL2 predicts response to anti-PD1 and that the functionality of PDL1 binding is a more effective predictor than PDL1 protein expression alone. Our findings suggest that assessing the functionality of ligand binding is superior to staining of protein expression for predicting response to ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bar Kaufman
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Orli Abramov
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Anna Ievko
- Department of Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Daria Apple
- Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Mark Shlapobersky
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Pathology, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Irit Allon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Pathology, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Yariv Greenshpan
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Baisali Bhattachrya
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ofir Cohen
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Alexandra Gayster
- Department of Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruthy Shaco-Levy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Pathology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Keren Rouvinov
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alejandro Livoff
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Pathology, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Moshe Elkabets
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Angel Porgador
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Li LL, Yu CF, Xie HT, Chen Z, Jia BH, Xie FY, Cai YF, Xue P, Zhu SJ. Biomarkers and factors in small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37161541 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this meta-analysis was to summarize the available results of immunotherapy predictors for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and to provide evidence-based information for their potential predictive value of efficacy. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials (from January 1, 1975 to November 1, 2021). The hazard ratios (HR) and its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and tumor response rate of the included studies were extracted. RESULTS Eleven studies were eventually included and the pooled results showed that programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive: objective response rate (ORR) (relative risk [RR] = 1.39, 95% CI [0.48, 4.03], p = 0.54), with high heterogeneity (p = 0.05, I2 = 56%); disease control rate [DCR] (RR = 1.31, 95% CI [0.04, 38.57], p = 0.88), with high heterogeneity (p = 0.04, I2 = 75%); overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.89, 95% CI [0.74, 1.07], p = 0.22); and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.83, 95% CI [0.59, 1.16], p = 0.27), with high heterogeneity (p = 0.005, I2 = 73.1%). TMB-High (TMB-H): OS (HR = 0.86, 95% CI [0.74, 1.00], p = 0.05); PFS (HR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.6, 0.85], p < 0.001). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) >upper limit of normal (ULN): OS (HR = 0.95, 95% CI [0.81, 1.11], p = 0.511). Asian patients: OS (HR = 0.87, 95% CI [0.72, 1.04], p = 0.135); White/Non-Asian patients: OS (HR = 0.83, 95% CI [0.76, 0.90], p < 0.001). Liver metastasis patients: OS (HR = 0.93, 95% CI [0.83, 1.05], p = 0.229); PFS (HR = 0.84, 95% CI [0.67, 1.06], p = 0.141). Central nervous system (CNS) metastasis patients: OS (HR = 0.91, 95% CI [0.71, 1.17], p = 0.474); PFS (HR = 1.03, 95% CI [0.66, 1.60], p = 0.903). CONCLUSION The available research results do not support the recommendation of PD-L1 positive and TMB-H as predictors for the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in SCLC patients. LDH, baseline liver metastasis and CNS metastasis may be used as markers/influencing factors for predicting the efficacy of ICIs in SCLC patients. Non-Asian SCLC patients had better efficacy with ICIs in our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lu Li
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Feng Yu
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Ting Xie
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Bo-Hui Jia
- Beijing Sihui West District Hospital, 100082, Beijing, China
| | - Fei-Yu Xie
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Fang Cai
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Jie Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
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Wang Q, Meng X, Sun X, Liu H. Prognostic significance of baseline peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets on second-line immunotherapy in advanced esophageal squamous carcinoma. Asian J Surg 2023:S1015-9584(23)00390-1. [PMID: 37005184 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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11
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Wang X, Zeng W, Yang L, Chang T, Zeng J. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related gene prognostic index and phenotyping clusters for hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Cancer Genet 2023; 274-275:41-50. [PMID: 36972656 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to high tumor heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive environment of the HCC tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we developed EMT-related genes phenotyping clusters and systematically evaluated their impact on HCC prognosis, the TME, and drug efficacy prediction. We identified HCC specific EMT-related genes using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). An EMT-related genes prognostic index (EMT-RGPI) capable of effectively predicting HCC prognosis was then constructed. Consensus clustering of 12 HCC specific EMT-related hub genes uncovered two molecular clusters C1 and C2. Cluster C2 preferentially associated with unfavorable prognosis, higher stemness index (mRNAsi) value, elevated immune checkpoint expression, and immune cell infiltration. The TGF-β signaling, EMT, glycolysis, Wnt β-catenin signaling, and angiogenesis were markedly enriched in cluster C2. Moreover, cluster C2 exhibited higher TP53 and RB1 mutation rates. The TME subtypes and tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score showed that cluster C1 patients responded well to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) revealed that cluster C2 patients were more sensitive to chemotherapeutic and antiangiogenic agents. These findings may guide risk stratification and precision therapy for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wangyuan Zeng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Departments of Medical Oncology, China
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Liu R, Zhu G, Li M, Cao P, Li X, Zhang X, Huang H, Song Z, Chen J. Systematic pan-cancer analysis showed that RAD51AP1 was associated with immune microenvironment, tumor stemness, and prognosis. Front Genet 2022; 13:971033. [PMID: 36468013 PMCID: PMC9708706 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.971033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although RAD51 associated protein 1 (RAD51AP1) is crucial in genome stability maintenance, it also promotes cancer development with an unclear mechanism. In this study, we collected intact expression data of RAD51AP1 from the public database, and verified it was significantly over-expressed in 33 cancer types and correlated with poor prognosis in 13 cancer types, including glioma, adrenocortical carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma. We further authenticated that RAD51AP1 is up-regulated in several typical cancer cell lines and promotes cancer cell proliferation in vitro. Moreover, we also demonstrated that RAD51AP1 was significantly positively related to cancer stemness score mRNAsi in 27 cancer types and broadly correlated to tumor-infiltrating immune cells in various cancers in a diverse manner. It was also negatively associated with immunophenoscore (IPS) and Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumours using Expression data (ESTIMATE) scores and positively correlated with mutant-allele tumor heterogeneity (MATH), tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and PD-L1 expression in multiple cancers. The tumor stemness enhancing and tumor immune microenvironment affecting functions of RAD51AP1 might compose its carcinogenesis mechanism. Further investigations beyond the bioinformatics level should confirm these findings in each specific cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renwang Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumour Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangsheng Zhu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumour Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingbiao Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumour Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peijun Cao
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumour Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuanguang Li
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumour Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuwen Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumour Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumour Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zuoqing Song
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumour Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumour Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Rades D, Delikanli C, Schild SE, Kristiansen C, Tvilsted S, Janssen S. A New Survival Score for Patients ≥65 Years Assigned to Radiotherapy of Bone Metastases. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194679. [PMID: 36230602 PMCID: PMC9563043 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Survival scores are important for personalized treatment of bone metastases. Elderly patients are considered a separate group. Therefore, a specific score was developed for these patients. Elderly patients (≥65 years) irradiated for bone metastases were randomly assigned to the test (n = 174) or validation (n = 174) cohorts. Thirteen factors were retrospectively analyzed for survival. Factors showing significance (p < 0.05) or a trend (p < 0.06) in the multivariate analysis were used for the score. Based on 6-month survival rates, prognostic groups were formed. The score was compared to an existing tool developed in patients of any age. In the multivariate analysis, performance score, tumor type, and visceral metastases showed significance and gender was a trend. Three groups were designed (17, 18−25 and 27−28 points) with 6-month survival rates of 0%, 51%, and 100%. In the validation cohort, these rates were 9%, 55%, and 86%. Comparisons of prognostic groups between both cohorts did not reveal significant differences. In the test cohort, positive predictive values regarding death ≤6 and survival ≥6 months were 100% with the new score vs. 80% and 88% with the existing tool. The new score was more accurate demonstrating the importance of specific scores for elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Rades
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Lubeck, 23562 Lubeck, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-451-500-45400
| | - Cansu Delikanli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Lubeck, 23562 Lubeck, Germany
| | - Steven E. Schild
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Charlotte Kristiansen
- Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
| | - Søren Tvilsted
- Research Department, Zealand University Hospital, 4600 Køge, Denmark
| | - Stefan Janssen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Lubeck, 23562 Lubeck, Germany
- Medical Practice for Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, 30161 Hannover, Germany
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14
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Li X, Dai Z, Liu J, Sun Z, Li N, Jiao G, Cao H. Characterization of the functional effects of ferredoxin 1 as a cuproptosis biomarker in cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:969856. [PMID: 36226187 PMCID: PMC9549589 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.969856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cuproptosis is a recently discovered form of programmed cell death. Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) is a key gene that mediates this process. However, the role of FDX1 in human tumors is not clear.Methods: We comprehensively analyzed the differential expression and genetic alterations of FDX1 using multiomics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. Subsequently, we explored the association between FDX1 and tumor parameters such as genomic instability, RNA methylation modifications, immune infiltration and pathway activity. In addition, we performed functional enrichment analysis and assessed the sensitivity potential of FDX1-related drugs. Finally, we experimentally verified the functional effects of FDX1.Results: The analysis revealed differential expression of FDX1 in a variety of tumors. By analyzing the association of FDX1 expression with genomic instability, immune cell infiltration, signaling pathway etc. We explored the role of FDX1 in regulating cell activity. Also, we evaluated the function of FDX1 in biologic process and drug sensitivity. Our experimental results demonstrated that FDX1 exerts its antitumor effects through cuproptosis in liver hepatocellular carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.Conclusion: Our study reveals the functional effects of FDX1 in tumors and deepens the understanding of the effects of FDX1. We validated the inhibitory effect of FDX1 in copper induced cell-death, confirming the role of FDX1 as a cuproptosis biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zihan Dai
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenqian Sun
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Na Li
- Mechanics Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Guangjun Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongxin Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Hongxin Cao,
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p53: From Fundamental Biology to Clinical Applications in Cancer. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11091325. [PMID: 36138802 PMCID: PMC9495382 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary p53 tumour suppressor gene is the most altered in cancer. Several decades of research have established that it is of pivotal importance in prompting neoplastic phenomena, including cancer initiation and progression. However, it has crucial functions for cellular life. Knowledge and awareness about these multifaceted properties should be part of the cultural background of all scientists. In this review, we describe and discuss the multifaceted roles of p53, from its discovery to clinical applications in cancer therapy. Abstract p53 tumour suppressor gene is our major barrier against neoplastic transformation. It is involved in many cellular functions, including cell cycle arrest, senescence, DNA repair, apoptosis, autophagy, cell metabolism, ferroptosis, immune system regulation, generation of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial function, global regulation of gene expression, miRNAs, etc. Its crucial importance is denounced by the high percentage of amino acid sequence identity between very different species (Homo sapiens, Drosophila melanogaster, Rattus norvegicus, Danio rerio, Canis lupus familiaris, Gekko japonicus). Many of its activities allowed life on Earth (e.g., repair from radiation-induced DNA damage) and directly contribute to its tumour suppressor function. In this review, we provide paramount information on p53, from its discovery, which is an interesting paradigm of science evolution, to potential clinical applications in anti-cancer treatment. The description of the fundamental biology of p53 is enriched by specific information on the structure and function of the protein as well by tumour/host evolutionistic perspectives of its role.
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Yang L, Wei S, Zhang J, Hu Q, Hu W, Cao M, Zhang L, Wang Y, Wang P, Wang K. Construction of a predictive model for immunotherapy efficacy in lung squamous cell carcinoma based on the degree of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and molecular typing. Lab Invest 2022; 20:364. [PMID: 35962453 PMCID: PMC9373274 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03565-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background To construct a predictive model of immunotherapy efficacy for patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) based on the degree of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIIC) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Methods The data of 501 patients with LUSC in the TCGA database were used as a training set, and grouped using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) based on the degree of TIIC assessed by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Two data sets (GSE126044 and GSE135222) were used as validation sets. Genes screened for modeling by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and used to construct a model based on immunophenotyping score (IPTS). RNA extraction and qPCR were performed to validate the prognostic value of IPTS in our independent LUSC cohort. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to determine the predictive value of the immune efficacy. Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic predictive ability. Correlation analysis and enrichment analysis were used to explore the potential mechanism of IPTS molecular typing involved in predicting the immunotherapy efficacy for patients with LUSC. Results The training set was divided into a low immune cell infiltration type (C1) and a high immune cell infiltration type (C2) by NMF typing, and the IPTS molecular typing based on the 17-gene model could replace the results of the NMF typing. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.82. In both validation sets, the IPTS of patients who responded to immunotherapy were significantly higher than those who did not respond to immunotherapy (P = 0.0032 and P = 0.0451), whereas the AUC was 0.95 (95% CI = 1.00–0.84) and 0.77 (95% CI = 0.58–0.96), respectively. In our independent cohort, we validated its ability to predict the response to cancer immunotherapy, for the AUC was 0.88 (95% CI = 1.00–0.66). GSEA suggested that the high IPTS group was mainly involved in immune-related signaling pathways. Conclusions IPTS molecular typing based on the degree of TIIC in the TME could well predict the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with LUSC with a certain prognostic value. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03565-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingge Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Shuli Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingnan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Qiongjie Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Wansong Hu
- Department of Heart Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Mengqing Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Yongfang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingli Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China.
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Chen F, Qiu L, Mu Y, Sun S, Yuan Y, Shang P, Ji B, Wang Q. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with camrelizumab in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Surg 2022; 9:893372. [PMID: 35983558 PMCID: PMC9379096 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.893372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neoadjuvant anti-programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) blockade has been reported to improve the prognosis of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced ESCC. Methods We retrospectively enrolled ESCC patients who received camrelizumab plus chemoradiotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy before surgery from May 2019 to September 2021. Results A total of 38 eligible patients were enrolled. The neoadjuvant treatment was well tolerated with no serious treatment-related adverse events. 36 (94.7%) patients achieved a R0 resection without hospital mortality or any other serious intraoperative complications. The objective response rate (ORR) was 63.2% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 100.0%. The major pathological response (MPR) was 50.0% and the complete pathological response (pCR) was 39.5%. With a median follow-up of 18.5 months, 6 (15.8%) patients had died. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) at 12 months were 87.6% and 78.7%, respectively. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that patients who got MPR or pCR achieved improved survival, while PD-L1 expression did not reach statistically difference in predicting survival. Conclusions Neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus chemoradiotherapy is safe and efficacious in treating patients with locally advanced ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Lingdong Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Yushu Mu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Shibin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Yulong Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Pan Shang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Bo Ji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Qifei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
- Correspondence: Qifei Wang
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Yin GQ, Li ZL, Li D. The Safety and Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Camrelizumab Plus Chemotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:2133-2141. [PMID: 35795828 PMCID: PMC9251418 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s358620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neoadjuvant anti-programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) blockade has been explored in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We conducted this study to assess the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus chemotherapy in locally advanced ESCC. Methods We retrospectively enrolled ESCC patients who received surgery within 3 months of treatment with camrelizumab plus chemotherapy from June 2019 to January 2021. Results A total of 34 eligible patients were enrolled. The neoadjuvant treatment was well tolerated with no serious treatment-related adverse events. Thirty-two (94.1%) patients achieved a R0 resection, and 14 patients (41.2%) developed postoperative complications. The objective response rate (ORR) was 61.8% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 100.0%. The major pathological response (MPR), pathological complete response (pCR), and clinical to pathological downstaging rate were 50.0%, 35.3%, and 79.4%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 14.8 months, 30 (88.2%) patients who underwent surgical resection remain alive. The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) at 12 months were 86.4% and 92.8%, respectively. Conclusion Neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus chemotherapy is safe and efficacious in treating patients with locally advanced ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong Province, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zu-Lei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong Province, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong Province, 255000, People's Republic of China
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