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Faria D, Eugénio P, Contreiras Silva M, Balbi L, Bedran G, Kallor AA, Nunes S, Palkowski A, Waleron M, Alfaro JA, Pesquita C. The Immunopeptidomics Ontology (ImPO). Database (Oxford) 2024; 2024:baae014. [PMID: 38857186 PMCID: PMC11164101 DOI: 10.1093/database/baae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The adaptive immune response plays a vital role in eliminating infected and aberrant cells from the body. This process hinges on the presentation of short peptides by major histocompatibility complex Class I molecules on the cell surface. Immunopeptidomics, the study of peptides displayed on cells, delves into the wide variety of these peptides. Understanding the mechanisms behind antigen processing and presentation is crucial for effectively evaluating cancer immunotherapies. As an emerging domain, immunopeptidomics currently lacks standardization-there is neither an established terminology nor formally defined semantics-a critical concern considering the complexity, heterogeneity, and growing volume of data involved in immunopeptidomics studies. Additionally, there is a disconnection between how the proteomics community delivers the information about antigen presentation and its uptake by the clinical genomics community. Considering the significant relevance of immunopeptidomics in cancer, this shortcoming must be addressed to bridge the gap between research and clinical practice. In this work, we detail the development of the ImmunoPeptidomics Ontology, ImPO, the first effort at standardizing the terminology and semantics in the domain. ImPO aims to encapsulate and systematize data generated by immunopeptidomics experimental processes and bioinformatics analysis. ImPO establishes cross-references to 24 relevant ontologies, including the National Cancer Institute Thesaurus, Mondo Disease Ontology, Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes and Experimental Factor Ontology. Although ImPO was developed using expert knowledge to characterize a large and representative data collection, it may be readily used to encode other datasets within the domain. Ultimately, ImPO facilitates data integration and analysis, enabling querying, inference and knowledge generation and importantly bridging the gap between the clinical proteomics and genomics communities. As the field of immunogenomics uses protein-level immunopeptidomics data, we expect ImPO to play a key role in supporting a rich and standardized description of the large-scale data that emerging high-throughput technologies are expected to bring in the near future. Ontology URL: https://zenodo.org/record/10237571 Project GitHub: https://github.com/liseda-lab/ImPO/blob/main/ImPO.owl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Faria
- INESC-ID, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Alves Redol, 9, Lisboa 1000-029, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Eugénio
- LASIGE, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Marta Contreiras Silva
- LASIGE, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Laura Balbi
- LASIGE, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Georges Bedran
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, ul. Kładki 24, Gdańsk 80-822, Poland
| | - Ashwin Adrian Kallor
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, ul. Kładki 24, Gdańsk 80-822, Poland
| | - Susana Nunes
- LASIGE, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Aleksander Palkowski
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, ul. Kładki 24, Gdańsk 80-822, Poland
| | - Michal Waleron
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, ul. Kładki 24, Gdańsk 80-822, Poland
| | - Javier A Alfaro
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, ul. Kładki 24, Gdańsk 80-822, Poland
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, British Columbia, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Old College, South Bridge, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, UK
- The Canadian Association for Responsible AI in Medicine, Victoria, Canada
| | - Catia Pesquita
- LASIGE, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
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Bughio KS, Cook DM, Shah SAA. Developing a Novel Ontology for Cybersecurity in Internet of Medical Things-Enabled Remote Patient Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2804. [PMID: 38732910 PMCID: PMC11086146 DOI: 10.3390/s24092804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
IoT has seen remarkable growth, particularly in healthcare, leading to the rise of IoMT. IoMT integrates medical devices for real-time data analysis and transmission but faces challenges in data security and interoperability. This research identifies a significant gap in the existing literature regarding a comprehensive ontology for vulnerabilities in medical IoT devices. This paper proposes a fundamental domain ontology named MIoT (Medical Internet of Things) ontology, focusing on cybersecurity in IoMT (Internet of Medical Things), particularly in remote patient monitoring settings. This research will refer to similar-looking acronyms, IoMT and MIoT ontology. It is important to distinguish between the two. IoMT is a collection of various medical devices and their applications within the research domain. On the other hand, MIoT ontology refers to the proposed ontology that defines various concepts, roles, and individuals. MIoT ontology utilizes the knowledge engineering methodology outlined in Ontology Development 101, along with the structured life cycle, and establishes semantic interoperability among medical devices to secure IoMT assets from vulnerabilities and cyberattacks. By defining key concepts and relationships, it becomes easier to understand and analyze the complex network of information within the IoMT. The MIoT ontology captures essential key terms and security-related entities for future extensions. A conceptual model is derived from the MIoT ontology and validated through a case study. Furthermore, this paper outlines a roadmap for future research, highlighting potential impacts on security automation in healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulsoom S. Bughio
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Dr, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (D.M.C.); (S.A.A.S.)
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Sim JA, Huang X, Horan MR, Baker JN, Huang IC. Using natural language processing to analyze unstructured patient-reported outcomes data derived from electronic health records for cancer populations: a systematic review. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2024; 24:467-475. [PMID: 38383308 PMCID: PMC11001514 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2322664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patient-reported outcomes (PROs; symptoms, functional status, quality-of-life) expressed in the 'free-text' or 'unstructured' format within clinical notes from electronic health records (EHRs) offer valuable insights beyond biological and clinical data for medical decision-making. However, a comprehensive assessment of utilizing natural language processing (NLP) coupled with machine learning (ML) methods to analyze unstructured PROs and their clinical implementation for individuals affected by cancer remains lacking. AREAS COVERED This study aimed to systematically review published studies that used NLP techniques to extract and analyze PROs in clinical narratives from EHRs for cancer populations. We examined the types of NLP (with and without ML) techniques and platforms for data processing, analysis, and clinical applications. EXPERT OPINION Utilizing NLP methods offers a valuable approach for processing and analyzing unstructured PROs among cancer patients and survivors. These techniques encompass a broad range of applications, such as extracting or recognizing PROs, categorizing, characterizing, or grouping PROs, predicting or stratifying risk for unfavorable clinical results, and evaluating connections between PROs and adverse clinical outcomes. The employment of NLP techniques is advantageous in converting substantial volumes of unstructured PRO data within EHRs into practical clinical utilities for individuals with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-ah Sim
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of AI Convergence, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaolei Huang
- Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | - Madeline R. Horan
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Justin N. Baker
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - I-Chan Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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Beverley J, Babcock S, Carvalho G, Cowell LG, Duesing S, He Y, Hurley R, Merrell E, Scheuermann RH, Smith B. Coordinating virus research: The Virus Infectious Disease Ontology. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0285093. [PMID: 38236918 PMCID: PMC10796065 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic prompted immense work on the investigation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Rapid, accurate, and consistent interpretation of generated data is thereby of fundamental concern. Ontologies-structured, controlled, vocabularies-are designed to support consistency of interpretation, and thereby to prevent the development of data silos. This paper describes how ontologies are serving this purpose in the COVID-19 research domain, by following principles of the Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology (OBO) Foundry and by reusing existing ontologies such as the Infectious Disease Ontology (IDO) Core, which provides terminological content common to investigations of all infectious diseases. We report here on the development of an IDO extension, the Virus Infectious Disease Ontology (VIDO), a reference ontology covering viral infectious diseases. We motivate term and definition choices, showcase reuse of terms from existing OBO ontologies, illustrate how ontological decisions were motivated by relevant life science research, and connect VIDO to the Coronavirus Infectious Disease Ontology (CIDO). We next use terms from these ontologies to annotate selections from life science research on SARS-CoV-2, highlighting how ontologies employing a common upper-level vocabulary may be seamlessly interwoven. Finally, we outline future work, including bacteria and fungus infectious disease reference ontologies currently under development, then cite uses of VIDO and CIDO in host-pathogen data analytics, electronic health record annotation, and ontology conflict-resolution projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Beverley
- Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
- National Center for Ontological Research, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | - Shane Babcock
- National Center for Ontological Research, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Riverside, OH, United States of America
| | - Gustavo Carvalho
- Department of Cognitive Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States of America
| | - Lindsay G. Cowell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Sebastian Duesing
- Department of Philosophy, Loyola University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Yongqun He
- Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, He Group, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Regina Hurley
- National Center for Ontological Research, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
- Department of Philosophy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States of America
| | - Eric Merrell
- Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
- National Center for Ontological Research, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | - Richard H. Scheuermann
- Department of Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States of America
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Barry Smith
- Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
- National Center for Ontological Research, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
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Simone F, Ansaldi SM, Agnello P, Patriarca R. Industrial safety management in the digital era: Constructing a knowledge graph from near misses. COMPUT IND 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compind.2022.103849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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