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Gulia S, Chandra P, Das A. Combating anoikis resistance: bioactive compounds transforming prostate cancer therapy. Anticancer Drugs 2024; 35:687-697. [PMID: 38743565 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The study aims to discuss the challenges associated with treating prostate cancer (PCa), which is known for its complexity and drug resistance. It attempts to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs), such as those linked to anoikis resistance and circulating tumor cells, in PCa samples. This study involves analyzing the functional roles of these DEGs using gene enrichment analysis, and then screening of 102 bioactive compounds to identify a combination that can control the expression of the identified DEGs. In this study, 53 DEGs were identified from PCa samples including anoikis-resistant PCa cells and circulating tumor cells in PCa. Gene enrichment analysis with regards to functional enrichment of DEGs was performed. An inclusive screening process was carried out among 102 bioactive compounds to identify a combination capable of affecting and regulating the expression of selected DEGs. Eventually, gastrodin, nitidine chloride, chenodeoxycholic acid, and bilobalide were selected, as their combination demonstrated ability to modulate expression of 50 out of the 53 genes targeted. The subsequent analysis focused on investigating the biological pathways and processes influenced by this combination. The findings revealed a multifaceted and multidimensional approach to tumor regression. The combination of bioactive compounds exhibited effects on various genes including those related to production of inflammatory cytokines, cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The current study has made a valuable contribution to the development of a combination of bioactive natural compounds that can significantly impede the development of treatment resistance in prostate tumor while countering the tumors' evasion of the immune system. The implications of this study are highly significant as it suggests the creation of an enhanced immunotherapeutic, natural therapeutic concoction with combinatorial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Gulia
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
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Chmur K, Tesmar A, Zdrowowicz M, Rosiak D, Chojnacki J, Wyrzykowski D. Exploring the Antitumor Efficacy of N-Heterocyclic Nitrilotriacetate Oxidovanadium(IV) Salts on Prostate and Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:2924. [PMID: 38930989 PMCID: PMC11206760 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The crystal structures of two newly synthesized nitrilotriacetate oxidovanadium(IV) salts, namely [QH][VO(nta)(H2O)](H2O)2 (I) and [(acr)H][VO(nta)(H2O)](H2O)2 (II), were determined. Additionally, the cytotoxic effects of four N-heterocyclic nitrilotriacetate oxidovanadium(IV) salts-1,10-phenanthrolinium, [(phen)H][VO(nta)(H2O)](H2O)0.5 (III), 2,2'-bipyridinium [(bpy)H][VO(nta)(H2O)](H2O) (IV), and two newly synthesized compounds (I) and (II)-were evaluated against prostate cancer (PC3) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. All the compounds exhibited strong cytotoxic effects on cancer cells and normal cells (HaCaT human keratinocytes). The structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that the number and arrangement of conjugated aromatic rings in the counterion had an impact on the antitumor effect. The compound (III), the 1,10-phenanthrolinium analogue, exhibited the greatest activity, whereas the acridinium salt (II), with a different arrangement of three conjugated aromatic rings, showed the lowest toxicity. The increased concentrations of the compounds resulted in alterations to the cell cycle distribution with different effects in MCF-7 and PC3 cells. In MCF-7 cells, compounds I and II were observed to block the G2/M phase, while compounds III and IV were found to arrest the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. In PC3 cells, all compounds increased the rates of cells in the G0/G1 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Chmur
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.C.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
| | - Aleksandra Tesmar
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.C.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
| | - Magdalena Zdrowowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.C.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
| | - Damian Rosiak
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.R.); (J.C.)
| | - Jarosław Chojnacki
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.R.); (J.C.)
| | - Dariusz Wyrzykowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.C.); (A.T.); (M.Z.)
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Pan J, Tong F, Ren N, Ren L, Yang Y, Gao F, Xu Q. Role of N 6‑methyladenosine in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 51:88. [PMID: 38757383 PMCID: PMC11110010 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) affects males of all racial and ethnic groups, and leads to higher rates of mortality in those belonging to a lower socioeconomic status due to the late detection of the disease. PCa affects middle‑aged males between the ages of 45 and 60 years, and is the highest cause of cancer‑associated mortality in Western countries. As the most abundant and common mRNA modification in higher eukaryotes, N6‑methyladenosine (m6A) is widely distributed in mammalian cells and influences various aspects of mRNA metabolism. Recent studies have found that abnormal expression levels of various m6A regulators significantly affect the development and progression of various types of cancer, including PCa. The present review discusses the influence of m6A regulatory factors on the pathogenesis and progression of PCa through mRNA modification based on the current state of research on m6A methylation modification in PCa. It is considered that the treatment of PCa with micro‑molecular drugs that target the epigenetics of the m6A regulator to correct abnormal m6A modifications is a direction for future research into current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Pan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Cancer Center, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
- Fourth Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, P.R. China
| | - Fei Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Ning Ren
- Fourth Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, P.R. China
| | - Lanqi Ren
- Fourth Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, P.R. China
| | - Yibei Yang
- Fourth Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, P.R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Urology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoping Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Cancer Center, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
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Cornford P, Robijn E, Rogers E, Wassersug R, Fleure L. Fatigue in Prostate Cancer: A Roundtable Discussion and Thematic Literature Review. EUR UROL SUPPL 2024; 63:119-125. [PMID: 38596782 PMCID: PMC11001642 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Cancer and its treatments cause fatigue in up to 90% of men with advanced prostate cancer. As men with prostate cancer are surviving longer, cancer-related fatigue is becoming increasingly important for clinicians to understand and proactively manage. Objective The aim of this work is to identify knowledge gaps that may support healthcare professionals to recommend personalised fatigue management strategies. Evidence acquisition This manuscript is based on a roundtable discussion held during the European Association of Urology 2022 Annual Symposium, combined with a review of the literature. Five core themes were generated from the roundtable: (1) meaning of fatigue in prostate cancer patients, (2) impact of fatigue, (3) association between fatigue and treatment selection, (4) benefits of managing fatigue, and (5) barriers to exercise. Evidence synthesis Cancer-related fatigue has complex underlying aetiology and is a subjective experience that may be under-reported. Some studies have shown that techniques such as education, cognitive behavioural therapy, guided imagery, and progressive muscle relaxation can result in clinically meaningful improvements in fatigue. However, the largest body of evidence, and a theme echoed in the roundtable discussions, was the benefit of exercise on fatigue. Despite the benefits of exercise, for some men, objective barriers to exercise exist and knowledge of benefits does not automatically translate into implementation and adherence. Conclusions Understanding the specific health needs of individual patients and their desired health outcomes is essential to identify personalised strategies for minimising fatigue. As an outcome of the roundtable meeting, we developed a quick reference guide for healthcare providers. A high-resolution copy can be downloaded from https://patients.uroweb.org/library/fatigue-in-prostate-cancer-patients-guide/. Patient summary This article is based on dialogue between a group of specialists, patients, and caregivers, which took place at a roundtable meeting during the European Association of Urology 2022 Annual Symposium. The group discussed how healthcare providers can best support their patients who experience fatigue. The group subsequently developed a guide to help healthcare providers during appointments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Cornford
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Esther Robijn
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Eamonn Rogers
- European Association of Urology, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | | | - Louisa Fleure
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Łomzik M, Błauż A, Tchoń D, Makal A, Rychlik B, Plażuk D. Development of Half-Sandwich Ru, Os, Rh, and Ir Complexes Bearing the Pyridine-2-ylmethanimine Bidentate Ligand Derived from 7-Chloroquinazolin-4(3H)-one with Enhanced Antiproliferative Activity. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:18224-18237. [PMID: 38680348 PMCID: PMC11044151 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitors are one of the most promising anticancer agents developed in recent years. Herein, we report the synthesis of ispinesib-core pyridine derivative conjugates, which are potent KSP inhibitors, with half-sandwich complexes of ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, and iridium. Conjugation of 7-chloroquinazolin-4(3H)-one with the pyridine-2-ylmethylimine group and the organometallic moiety resulted in up to a 36-fold increased cytotoxicity with IC50 values in the micromolar and nanomolar range also toward drug-resistant cells. All studied conjugates increased the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase, simultaneously decreasing the number of cells in the G1/G0 phase, suggesting mitotic arrest. Additionally, ruthenium derivatives were able to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, no significant influence of the organometallic moiety on KSP inhibition was observed, which suggests that conjugation of a KSP inhibitor with the organometallic moiety modulates its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Łomzik
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Lodz, ul. Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
| | - Andrzej Błauż
- Faculty
of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Oncobiology
and Epigenetics, Cytometry Lab, University
of Lodz, ul. Pomorska
141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Daniel Tchoń
- Laboratory
for Structural and Biochemical Research (LBSBio), Biological and Chemical
Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
- Molecular
Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Anna Makal
- Laboratory
for Structural and Biochemical Research (LBSBio), Biological and Chemical
Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Błażej Rychlik
- Faculty
of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Oncobiology
and Epigenetics, Cytometry Lab, University
of Lodz, ul. Pomorska
141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Damian Plażuk
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Lodz, ul. Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
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Taghizadeh M, Jafari-Koshki T, Jafarlou V, Raeisi M, Alizadeh L, Roosta Y, Matin S, Jabari R, Sur D, Karimi A. The role of piRNAs in predicting and prognosing in cancer: a focus on piRNA-823 (a systematic review and meta-analysis). BMC Cancer 2024; 24:484. [PMID: 38627675 PMCID: PMC11022431 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This article examines the potential of using liquid biopsy with piRNAs to study cancer survival outcomes. While previous studies have explored the relationship between piRNA expression and cancer patient outcomes, a comprehensive investigation is still lacking. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature. METHODS We searched major online databases up to February 2024 to identify articles reporting on the role of piRNA in cancer patient survival outcomes. Our meta-analysis used a random-effects model to pool hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and assess the prognostic value of deregulated piRNA-823. For survival analysis, the Kaplan-Meier method and COX analysis were used. RESULTS Out of 6104 articles screened, 20 met our inclusion criteria. Our analysis revealed that dysregulated piRNA expression is associated with cancer patient survival outcomes. Specifically, our meta-analysis found that overexpression of piR-823 is significantly linked with poorer overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer and renal cell cancer (HR: 3.82, 95% CI = [1.81, 8.04], I2 = 70%). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that various piRNAs may play a role in cancer survival outcomes and that piRNA-823 in particular holds promise as a prognostic biomarker for multiple human cancers. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Our systematic review and meta-analysis of piRNA-823 has important implications for cancer survivors. Our findings suggest that piRNA-823 can be used as a prognostic biomarker for predicting cancer recurrence and survival rates. This information can help clinicians develop personalized treatment plans for cancer survivors, which can improve their quality of life and reduce the risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taghizadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614756, Iran
| | - Tohid Jafari-Koshki
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Vahid Jafarlou
- Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, 1419733141, Iran
| | - Mortaza Raeisi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Leila Alizadeh
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Yousef Roosta
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, 5714783734, Iran
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, 5714783734, Iran
- Hematology, Immune Cell Therapy, and Stem Cells Transplantation Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, 5714783734, Iran
| | - Somaieh Matin
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, 8599156189, Iran
| | - Rahele Jabari
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medical Science, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, 5714783734, Iran
| | - Daniel Sur
- Department of Oncology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricu¸tă", Cluj-Napoca, 400015, Romania.
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricu ̧t ̆a", 400015 Str. Republicii 34-36, Cluj-Napoca, 400006, Romania.
| | - Abbas Karimi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614756, Iran.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht St., Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, 5166614756, Iran.
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He C, Chen X, Chen Y, Sun J, Qi M, Rocha S, Wang M. Global acetylome profiling indicates EPA impedes but OA promotes prostate cancer motility through altered acetylation of PFN1 and FLNA. Proteomics 2024:e2300393. [PMID: 38430206 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality in men. Metastasis is the main cause of PCa-associated death. Recent evidence indicated a significant reduction in PCa mortality associated with higher ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) consumption. However, the underlying mechanisms remained elusive. In this study, we applied global acetylome profiling to study the effect of fatty acids treatment. Results indicated that oleic acid (OA, monounsaturated fatty acid, MUFA, 100 µM) elevates while EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid, 100 µM) reduces the acetyl-CoA level, which alters the global acetylome. After treatment, two crucial cell motility regulators, PFN1 and FLNA, were found with altered acetylation levels. OA increased the acetylation of PFN1 and FLNA, whereas EPA decreased PFN1 acetylation level. Furthermore, OA promotes while EPA inhibits PCa migration and invasion. Immunofluorescence assay indicated that EPA impedes the formation of lamellipodia or filopodia through reduced localization of PFN1 and FLNA to the leading edge of cells. Therefore, perturbed acetylome may be one critical step in fatty acid-affected cancer cell motility. This study provides some new insights into the response of ω-3 PUFAs treatment and a better understanding of cancer cell migration and invasion modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao He
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuyuan Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianying Sun
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Manting Qi
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sonia Rocha
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mu Wang
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Agahi R, Veselaj F, Islami DA, Selmani E, Khan O, Hoxha I. Impact of Prostate Cancer in Eastern Europe and Approaches to Treatment and Policy. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024; 38:87-103. [PMID: 37516633 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is among the most prevalent cancer globally and within Eastern Europe, where there are also higher levels of mortality compared with Western Europe. Cancer control plans exist in most countries in the region. Attention should be given to devising and implementing optimal screening initiatives. Our review has identified that a lack of resources and health system dysfunctions hamper progress in ameliorating the burden of prostate cancer. Regional cooperation is needed as well as drawing on guidelines and findings from elsewhere. Health institutions must also know the latest developments and set up systems that allow swift adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaz Agahi
- Department of Diagnostic Health Sciences, Heimerer College, Prishtina 10000, Kosovo; Evidence Synthesis Group, Ali Vitia Street PN, Prishtina 10000, Kosovo
| | - Fahredin Veselaj
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Prishtina, Prishtina 10000, Kosovo.
| | - Dafina Ademi Islami
- Oncology Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina 10000, Kosovo
| | - Erza Selmani
- Evidence Synthesis Group, Ali Vitia Street PN, Prishtina 10000, Kosovo; Research Unit, Heimerer College, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Olga Khan
- World Bank Ukraine, Kyiv 01010, Ukraine
| | - Ilir Hoxha
- Evidence Synthesis Group, Ali Vitia Street PN, Prishtina 10000, Kosovo; The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
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Li J, Wang K, Li S, Wu P, Wang X, He Y, Tang W. Clinical study of multifactorial diagnosis in prostate biopsy. Prostate 2023; 83:1494-1503. [PMID: 37545333 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the feasibility of using an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) on multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in combination with conventional clinical information. METHODS A retrospective study cohort with 505 patients was collected, with complete information on age (≤60, 60-80, and >80 years), PSA (≤4, 4-10, and >10 ng/dL), and pathology results. The patients with ISUP group >2 were classified as csPCa, and the patients with ISUP = 1 or no evidence of prostate cancer were classified as non-csPCa. The diagnosis of mpMRI was made by experienced radiologists following the prostate imaging reporting and data system (PIRADS ≤ 2, PIRADS = 3, and PIRADS > 3). The mpMRI images were processed by a homemade AI algorithm, and the AI results were obtained as positive or negative for csPCa. Two logistic regression models were fitted, with pathological findings as the dependent variable, that is, a conventional model and an AI model. The conventional model used age, PSA, and PIRADS as the independent variables. The AI model took the AI result and the abovementioned clinical information as the independent variables. The predicted probability of the patients from the conventional model and the AI model were used to test the prediction efficacy of the models. The DeLong test was performed to compare differences in the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) between the conventional model and the AI model. RESULTS In total, 505 patients were included in the study; 280 were diagnosed with csPCa, and 225 were non-csPCa. The median age was 72.0 (67.0, 76.0) years, with a median PSA value of 13.0 (7.46, 27.5) ng/dL. Statically significant differences were found in age, PSA, PIRADS score and AI results between the csPCa and non-csPCa groups (all p < 0.001). In the multivariable regression models, all the variables were independently associated with csPCa. The conventional model (R2 = 0.361) and the AI model (R2 = 0.474) were compared with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and showed statistically significant differences (χ2 = 63.695, p < 0.001). The AUC of the ROC curve for the conventional model was 0.782 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.742-0.823), which was less than the AUC of the AI model with statistical significance (0.849 [95% CI: 0.815-0.883], p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In combination with routine clinical information, such as age, PSA, and PIRADS category, adding information from the AI algorithm based on mpMRI could improve the diagnosis of csPCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Li
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Song Li
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Pengsheng Wu
- Beijing Smart Tree Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xiangpeng Wang
- Beijing Smart Tree Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yi He
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Wenrui Tang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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Mumuni S, O’Donnell C, Doody O. The Risk Factors and Screening Uptake for Prostate Cancer: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2780. [PMID: 37893854 PMCID: PMC10606491 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the risk factors and screening uptake for prostate cancer. DESIGN Scoping review. METHODS Arksey and O'Malley's framework guided this review; five databases (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Academic Search Complete and Cochrane Library) and grey literature were searched. Screening was undertaken against predetermined inclusion criteria for articles published before July 2023 and written in English. This review is reported in line with PRISMA-Sc. RESULTS 10,899 database results were identified; 3676 papers were removed as duplicates and 7115 papers were excluded at title and abstract review. A total of 108 papers were full-text reviewed and 67 were included in the review. Grey literature searching yielded no results. Age, family history/genetics, hormones, race/ethnicity, exposure to hazards, geographical location and diet were identified as risk factors. Prostatic antigen test (PSA), digital rectal examination (DRE), transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and prostate biopsy were identified as screening/diagnostic methods. The evidence reviewed highlights moderate knowledge and screening uptake of prostate cancer with less than half of men reporting for PSA screening. On the other hand, there is a year-to-year increase in PSA and DRE screening, but factors such as poverty, religion, culture, communication barriers, language and costs affect men's uptake of prostate cancer screening. CONCLUSION As prostate cancer rates increase globally, there is a need for greater uptake of prostate cancer screening and improved health literacy among men and health workers. There is a need to develop a comprehensive prostate cancer awareness and screening programme that targets men and addresses uptake issues so as to provide safe, quality care. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS STUDY (1) A broad search strategy was utilised incorporating both databases and grey literature. (2) The PRISMA reporting guidelines were utilised. (3) Only English language papers were included, and this may have resulted in relevant articles being omitted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seidu Mumuni
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (S.M.); (C.O.)
| | - Claire O’Donnell
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (S.M.); (C.O.)
- Health Research Institute, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Owen Doody
- Health Research Institute, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
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11
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Thakur N, Quazi S, Naik B, Jha SK, Singh P. New insights into molecular signaling pathways and current advancements in prostate cancer diagnostics & therapeutics. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1193736. [PMID: 37664036 PMCID: PMC10469924 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1193736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate adenocarcinoma accounts for more than 20% of deaths among males due to cancer. It is the fifth-leading cancer diagnosed in males across the globe. The mortality rate is quite high due to prostate cancer. Despite the fact that advancements in diagnostics and therapeutics have been made, there is a lack of effective drugs. Metabolic pathways are altered due to the triggering of androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathways, and elevated levels of dihydrotestosterone are produced due to defects in AR signaling that accelerate the growth of prostate cancer cells. Further, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways interact with AR signaling pathway and act as precursors to promote prostate cancer. Prostate cancer therapy has been classified into luminal A, luminal B, and basal subtypes. Therapeutic drugs inhibiting dihydrotestosterone and PI3K have shown to give promising results to combat prostate cancer. Many second-generation Androgen receptor signaling antagonists are given either as single agent or with the combination of other drugs. In order to develop a cure for metastasized prostate cancer cells, Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is applied by using surgical or chemical methods. In many cases, Prostatectomy or local radiotherapy are used to control metastasized prostate cancer. However, it has been observed that after 1.5 years to 2 years of Prostatectomy or castration, there is reoccurrence of prostate cancer and high incidence of castration resistant prostate cancer is seen in population undergone ADT. It has been observed that Androgen derivation therapy combined with drugs like abiraterone acetate or docetaxel improve overall survival rate in metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients. Scientific investigations have revealed that drugs inhibiting poly ADP Ribose polymerase (PARP) are showing promising results in clinical trials in the prostate cancer population with mCRPC and DNA repair abnormalities. Recently, RISUG adv (reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance) has shown significant results against prostate cancer cell lines and MTT assay has validated substantial effects of this drug against PC3 cell lines. Current review paper highlights the advancements in prostate cancer therapeutics and new drug molecules against prostate cancer. It will provide detailed insights on the signaling pathways which need to be targeted to combat metastasized prostate cancer and castration resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sameer Quazi
- Department of Chemistry, Akshara First Grade College, Bengaluru, India
- GenLab Biosolutions Private Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies (SCAMT) Institute, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Bindu Naik
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Pallavi Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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12
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Filippi L, Urso L, Schillaci O, Evangelista L. [ 18F]-FDHT PET for the Imaging of Androgen Receptor in Prostate and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2613. [PMID: 37568977 PMCID: PMC10417772 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13152613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of fluoro-5α-dihydrotestosterone ([18F]-FDHT) for the in vivo imaging of androgen receptors (AR) through positron emission tomography (PET) in metastatic breast (mBC) and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Relevant studies published from 2013 up to May 2023 were selected by searching Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science. The selected imaging studies were analyzed using a modified version of the critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Eleven studies encompassing 321 patients were selected. Seven of the eleven selected papers included 266 subjects (82.2%) affected by mCRPC, while four encompassed 55 (17.2%) patients affected by mBC. [18F]-FDHT PET showed a satisfying test/retest reproducibility, and when compared to a histochemical analysis, it provided encouraging results for in vivo AR quantification both in mCRPC and mBC. [18F]-FDHT PET had a prognostic relevance in mCRPC patients submitted to AR-targeted therapy, while a clear association between [18F]-FDHT uptake and the bicalutamide response was not observed in women affected by AR-positive mBC. Further studies are needed to better define the role of [18F]-FDHT PET, alone or in combination with other tracers (i.e., [18F]-FDG/[18F]-FES), for patients' selection and monitoring during AR-targeted therapy, especially in the case of mBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Filippi
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, “Santa Maria Goretti” Hospital, Via Antonio Canova, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Luca Urso
- Department of Nuclear Medicine—PET/CT Center, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 45100 Rovigo, Italy;
| | - Orazio Schillaci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Laura Evangelista
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy;
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
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13
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Bravo-Vázquez LA, Méndez-García A, Rodríguez AL, Sahare P, Pathak S, Banerjee A, Duttaroy AK, Paul S. Applications of nanotechnologies for miRNA-based cancer therapeutics: current advances and future perspectives. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1208547. [PMID: 37576994 PMCID: PMC10416113 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1208547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (18-25 nt), non-coding, widely conserved RNA molecules responsible for regulating gene expression via sequence-specific post-transcriptional mechanisms. Since the human miRNA transcriptome regulates the expression of a number of tumor suppressors and oncogenes, its dysregulation is associated with the clinical onset of different types of cancer. Despite the fact that numerous therapeutic approaches have been designed in recent years to treat cancer, the complexity of the disease manifested by each patient has prevented the development of a highly effective disease management strategy. However, over the past decade, artificial miRNAs (i.e., anti-miRNAs and miRNA mimics) have shown promising results against various cancer types; nevertheless, their targeted delivery could be challenging. Notably, numerous reports have shown that nanotechnology-based delivery of miRNAs can greatly contribute to hindering cancer initiation and development processes, representing an innovative disease-modifying strategy against cancer. Hence, in this review, we evaluate recently developed nanotechnology-based miRNA drug delivery systems for cancer therapeutics and discuss the potential challenges and future directions, such as the promising use of plant-made nanoparticles, phytochemical-mediated modulation of miRNAs, and nanozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alma L. Rodríguez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Querétaro, México
| | - Padmavati Sahare
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Querétaro, México
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14
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Nabavi N, Mahdavi SR, Ardalan MA, Chamanara M, Mosaed R, Lara A, Bastos D, Harsini S, Askari E, Velho PI, Bagheri H. Bipolar Androgen Therapy: When Excess Fuel Extinguishes the Fire. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2084. [PMID: 37509723 PMCID: PMC10377678 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) remains the cornerstone of advanced prostate cancer treatment. However, the progression towards castration-resistant prostate cancer is inevitable, as the cancer cells reactivate androgen receptor signaling and adapt to the castrate state through autoregulation of the androgen receptor. Additionally, the upfront use of novel hormonal agents such as enzalutamide and abiraterone acetate may result in long-term toxicities and may trigger the selection of AR-independent cells through "Darwinian" treatment-induced pressure. Therefore, it is crucial to develop new strategies to overcome these challenges. Bipolar androgen therapy (BAT) is one such approach that has been devised based on studies demonstrating the paradoxical inhibitory effects of supraphysiologic testosterone on prostate cancer growth, achieved through a variety of mechanisms acting in concert. BAT involves rapidly alternating testosterone levels between supraphysiological and near-castrate levels over a period of a month, achieved through monthly intramuscular injections of testosterone plus concurrent ADT. BAT is effective and well-tolerated, improving quality of life and potentially re-sensitizing patients to previous hormonal therapies after progression. By exploring the mechanisms and clinical evidence for BAT, this review seeks to shed light on its potential as a promising new approach to prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Nabavi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 13944-91388, Iran
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Seied Rabi Mahdavi
- Department of Medical Physics, Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Mohammad Afshar Ardalan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Mohsen Chamanara
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Reza Mosaed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Aline Lara
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
- Hospital do Câncer UOPECCAN, Cascavel 85806-300, Brazil
| | - Diogo Bastos
- Oncology Department, Hospital Sirio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Sara Harsini
- BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Emran Askari
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 13944-91388, Iran
| | - Pedro Isaacsson Velho
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre 90035-000, Brazil
| | - Hamed Bagheri
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
- School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14118-13389, Iran
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15
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Hinchliffe A, Alguacil J, Bijoux W, Kogevinas M, Menegaux F, Parent ME, Pérez Gomez B, Uuksulainen S, Turner MC. Occupational heat exposure and prostate cancer risk: A pooled analysis of case-control studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114592. [PMID: 36272590 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat exposures occur in many occupations. Heat has been linked to key carcinogenic processes, however, evidence for associations with cancer risk is sparse. We examined potential associations between occupational heat exposure and prostate cancer risk in a multi-country study. METHODS We analysed a large, pooled dataset of 3142 histologically confirmed prostate cancer cases and 3512 frequency-matched controls from three countries: Canada, France, and Spain. Three exposure indices: ever exposure, lifetime cumulative exposure and duration of exposure, were developed using the Finnish Job-Exposure Matrix, FINJEM, applied to the lifetime occupational history of participants. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), using conditional logistic regression models stratified by 5-year age groups and study, adjusting for potential confounders. Potential interactions with exposure to other occupational agents were also explored. RESULTS Overall, we found no association for ever occupational heat exposure (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.87, 1.09), nor in the highest categories of lifetime cumulative exposure (OR 1.04; 95% CI 0.89, 1.23) or duration (OR 1.03; 95% CI 0.88, 1.22). When using only the Spanish case-control study and a Spanish Job Exposure Matrix (JEM), some weakly elevated ORs were observed. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study provide no clear evidence for an association between occupational heat exposure and prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Hinchliffe
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Alguacil
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente (RENSMA), Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Wendy Bijoux
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CESP, Team "Exposome and Heredity", 94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IMIM (Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer Del Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Florence Menegaux
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CESP, Team "Exposome and Heredity", 94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Elise Parent
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique, Laval, Quebec, H7V 1B7, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3N 1X9, Canada; University of Montreal Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Beatriz Pérez Gomez
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology for Chronic Diseases, National Center of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Michelle C Turner
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Chowdhary SJ, Chowdhary A, Agrawal GP, Mody N, Jain A. Biodegradable concanavalin A functionalized polycaprolactone nanoparticle: A promising avenue for cancer therapy. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:S691-S700. [PMID: 38384041 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_278_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Receptor-based tumor-selective delivery of therapeutic efficacy and therapeutic index of cytotoxic drugs that exhibit dose-limiting toxicity is observed. Concanavalin A (Con A) was selected as the ligand for the proposed system, which was appended to the polycaprolactone nanoparticles (NPs) carrying the drug to be a very efficient approach for the treatment of cancer. METHODS Preparation of plain polycaprolactone nanoparticles was carried out employing the emulsion diffusion evaporation technique. Con A was conjugated using carbodiimide chemistry by coupling -COOH group on the surface of nanoparticles. The paclitaxel-loaded Con A-conjugated nanoparticles were further subjected to the characterization of various parameters, that is, surface morphology, particle size, and polydispersity index. In vitro drug release study of both the formulations (plain & conjugated) was done using a dialysis tube up to 48 h in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). RESULTS Studies done in xenograft models evidently propose a dose-dependent cytotoxicity response, that is, shrink in % cell growth with increase in the concentration of the drug. The fluorescence photomicrograph clearly revealed the access of the Con A-conjugated nanoparticles to the tumor. A noteworthy biodistribution difference of the paclitaxel from prepared systems was observed. At the same time, Con A-coupled nanoparticles increased the accumulation of paclitaxel in the tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS Hence, the Con A-conjugated nanoparticles formulation as compared to uncoupled solid lipid nanoparticles formulation and free drug solution showed nearly two times higher uptake because of the lectin receptors on the surface of tumors. Hence, it was envisaged to design polymeric nanoparticles which would be administered intravenously for better therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Jain Chowdhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP, India
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17
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Lipid Metabolism Heterogeneity and Crosstalk with Mitochondria Functions Drive Breast Cancer Progression and Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246267. [PMID: 36551752 PMCID: PMC9776509 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease that can be triggered by genetic alterations in mammary epithelial cells, leading to diverse disease outcomes in individual patients. The metabolic heterogeneity of BC enhances its ability to adapt to changes in the tumor microenvironment and metabolic stress, but unfavorably affects the patient's therapy response, prognosis and clinical effect. Extrinsic factors from the tumor microenvironment and the intrinsic parameters of cancer cells influence their mitochondrial functions, which consequently alter their lipid metabolism and their ability to proliferate, migrate and survive in a harsh environment. The balanced interplay between mitochondria and fatty acid synthesis or fatty acid oxidation has been attributed to a combination of environmental factors and to the genetic makeup, oncogenic signaling and activities of different transcription factors. Hence, understanding the mechanisms underlying lipid metabolic heterogeneity and alterations in BC is gaining interest as a major target for drug resistance. Here we review the major recent reports on lipid metabolism heterogeneity and bring to light knowledge on the functional contribution of diverse lipid metabolic pathways to breast tumorigenesis and therapy resistance.
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18
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Molecular and metabolic alterations of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives in prostate cancer cell lines. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21599. [PMID: 36517571 PMCID: PMC9751122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26148-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common tumor in males worldwide. The lack of effective medication and the development of multidrug resistance towards current chemotherapeutic agents urge the need to discover novel compounds and therapeutic targets for PC. Herein, seven synthesized 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one analogues were evaluated for their anticancer activity against PC3 and DU145 cancer cell lines using MTT, scratch-wound healing, adhesion and invasion assays. Besides, a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics approach was followed to identify the biochemical pathways altered in DU145 cancer cells upon exposure to dihydroquinazolin derivatives. The seven compounds showed sufficient cytotoxicity and significantly suppressed DU145 and PC3 migration after 48 and 72 h. C2 and C5 had the most potent effect with IC50 < 15 µM and significantly inhibited PC cell adhesion and invasion. Metabolomics revealed that C5 disturbed the level of metabolites involved in essential processes for cancer cell proliferation, progression and growth including energy production, redox homeostasis, amino acids and polyamine metabolisms and choline phospholipid metabolism. The data presented herein highlighted the importance of these compounds as potential anticancer agents particularly C5, and pointed to the promising role of metabolomics as a new analytical approach to investigate the antiproliferative activity of synthesized compounds and identify new therapeutic targets.
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Systemic pharmacological verification of Salvia miltiorrhiza-Ginseng Chinese herb pair in inhibiting spontaneous breast cancer metastasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113897. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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