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Gómez-de Castro C, Santos-Juanes R, Nuñez-Gómez B, Fernández-Vega I, Vivanco B, Fernández-Velasco A, Reyes-García S, Carrero-Martín J, García-Pedrero JM, Rodrigo JP, González-Vela MDC, Santos-Juanes J, Galache C. Low-Level Expression of p-S6 Is Associated with Nodal Metastasis in Patients with Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4304. [PMID: 38673889 PMCID: PMC11049968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common form of skin cancer. The incidence of metastasis for cSCC is estimated to be around 1.2-5%. Ribosomal protein S6 (p-S6) and the p21 protein (p21) are two proteins that play central roles in other cancers. These proteins may be equally important in cSCC, and together, these could constitute a good candidate for metastasis risk assessment of these patients. We investigate the relationship of p-S6 and p21 expression with the impact on the prognosis of head and neck cSCC (cSCCHN). p-S6 and p21 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 116 patients with cSCCHN and associations sought with clinical characteristics. Kaplan-Meier estimators and Cox proportional hazard regression models were also used. The expression of p-S6 was significantly inversely associated with tumor thickness, tumor size, desmoplastic growth, pathological stage, perineural invasion and tumor buds. p21 expression was significantly inversely correlated with >6 mm tumor thickness, desmoplastic growth, and perineural invasion. p-S6-negative expression significantly predicted an increased risk of nodal metastasis (HR = 2.63, 95% CI 1.51-4.54; p < 0.001). p21 expression was not found to be a significant risk factor for nodal metastasis. These findings demonstrate that p-S6-negative expression is an independent predictor of nodal metastasis. The immunohistochemical expression of p-S6 might aid in better risk stratification and management of patients with cSCCHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Gómez-de Castro
- Grider, Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-d.C.); (B.V.); (A.F.-V.); (C.G.)
- Dermatology Division, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (S.R.-G.); (J.C.-M.)
| | - Raquel Santos-Juanes
- Dermatology Area, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (R.S.-J.); (B.N.-G.)
| | - Borja Nuñez-Gómez
- Dermatology Area, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (R.S.-J.); (B.N.-G.)
| | - Iván Fernández-Vega
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Biobank of the Principality of Asturias (BioPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Department of Pathology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Blanca Vivanco
- Grider, Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-d.C.); (B.V.); (A.F.-V.); (C.G.)
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Biobank of the Principality of Asturias (BioPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Department of Pathology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adela Fernández-Velasco
- Grider, Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-d.C.); (B.V.); (A.F.-V.); (C.G.)
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Biobank of the Principality of Asturias (BioPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Department of Pathology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sebastián Reyes-García
- Dermatology Division, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (S.R.-G.); (J.C.-M.)
| | - Jimena Carrero-Martín
- Dermatology Division, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (S.R.-G.); (J.C.-M.)
| | - Juana M. García-Pedrero
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.M.G.-P.); (J.P.R.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan P. Rodrigo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.M.G.-P.); (J.P.R.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Santos-Juanes
- Grider, Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-d.C.); (B.V.); (A.F.-V.); (C.G.)
- Dermatology Division, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (S.R.-G.); (J.C.-M.)
- Dermatology Area, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (R.S.-J.); (B.N.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.M.G.-P.); (J.P.R.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Galache
- Grider, Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-d.C.); (B.V.); (A.F.-V.); (C.G.)
- Dermatology Division, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (S.R.-G.); (J.C.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.M.G.-P.); (J.P.R.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Yu S, Cui X, Zhou S, Li Y, Feng W, Zhang X, Zhong Y, Zhang P. THOC7-AS1/OCT1/FSTL1 axis promotes EMT and serves as a therapeutic target in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Transl Med 2024; 22:347. [PMID: 38605354 PMCID: PMC11010364 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND THOC7-AS1 and FSTL1 expression are frequently upregulated in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). However, their molecular biological mechanisms remain elusive and their potential as therapeutic targets needs urgent exploration. METHODS Human tissue samples were used to evaluate clinical parameters. In vitro and in vivo experiments assessed biological functions. Quantitative PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, immunoprecipitation, RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization, RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, silver staining, chromatin immunoprecipitation, dual luciferase reporter assays etc. were utilized to explore the molecular biological mechanisms. RESULTS We found FSTL1 is an oncogene in cSCC, with high expression in tumor tissues and cells. Its elevated expression closely associates with tumor size and local tissue infiltration. In vitro and in vivo, high FSTL1 expression promotes cSCC proliferation, migration and invasion, facilitating malignant behaviors. Mechanistically, FSTL1 interacts with ZEB1 to promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cSCC cells. Exploring upstream regulation, we found THOC7-AS1 can interact with OCT1, which binds the FSTL1 promoter region and promotes FSTL1 expression, facilitating cSCC progression. Finally, treating tumors with THOC7-AS1 antisense oligonucleotides inhibited cSCC proliferative and migratory abilities, delaying tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS The THOC7-AS1/OCT1/FSTL1 axis regulates EMT and promotes tumor progression in cSCC. This study provides clues and ideas for cSCC targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Site Yu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xu Cui
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Situo Zhou
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Feng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiangjun Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yuhui Zhong
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Pihong Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, P.R. China.
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Dessinioti C, Liopyris K, Stratigos AJ. Diagnosis of invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, imaging and staging. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2024; 159:118-127. [PMID: 38650493 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.24.07670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The assessment of patients with a lesion raising the suspicion of an invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a frequent clinical scenario. The management of patients with cSCC is a multistep approach, starting with the correct diagnosis. The two main diagnostic goals are to differentiate from other possible diagnoses and correctly recognize the lesion as cSCC, and then to determine the tumor spread (perform staging), that is if the patient has a common primary cSCC or a locally advanced cSCC, or a metastatic cSCC (with in-transit, regional lymph nodal, or rarely distant metastasis). The multistep diagnostic approach begins with the clinical characteristics of the primary cSCC, it is complemented with features with dermoscopy and, if available, reflectance confocal microscopy and is confirmed with histopathology. The tumor spread is assessed by physical examination and, in some cases, ultrasound and/or computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, mainly to investigate for regional lymph node metastasis or for local infiltration into deeper structures. In the last step, the clinical, histologic and radiologic findings are incorporated into staging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clio Dessinioti
- First Department of Dermatology-Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Liopyris
- First Department of Dermatology-Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander J Stratigos
- First Department of Dermatology-Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece -
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Sinclair R, Wong XL, Shumack S, Baker C, MacMahon B. The role of micrometastasis in high-risk skin cancers. Australas J Dermatol 2024; 65:143-152. [PMID: 38156714 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.14206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The propensity to metastasize is the most important prognostic indicator for solid cancers. New insights into the mechanisms of early carcinogenesis have revealed micrometastases are generated far earlier than previously thought. Evidence supports a synergistic relationship between vascular and lymphatic seeding which can occur before there is clinical evidence of a primary tumour. Early vascular seeding prepares distal sites for colonisation while regional lymphatics are co-opted to promote facilitative cancer cell mutations. In response, the host mounts a global inflammatory and immunomodulatory response towards these cells supporting the concept that cancer is a systemic disease. Cancer staging systems should be refined to better reflect cancer cell loads in various tissue compartments while clinical perspectives should be broadened to encompass this view when approaching high-risk cancers. Measured adjunctive therapies implemented earlier for low-volume, in-transit cancer offers the prospect of preventing advanced disease and the need for heroic therapeutic interventions. This review seeks to re-appraise how we view the metastatic process for solid cancers. It will explore in-transit metastasis in the context of high-risk skin cancer and how it dictates disease progression. It will also discuss how these implications will influence our current staging systems and its consequences on management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sinclair
- Queensland Institute of Dermatology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xin Lin Wong
- St George Dermatology and Skin Cancer Centre, New South Wales, Kogarah, Australia
| | - Stephen Shumack
- St George Dermatology and Skin Cancer Centre, New South Wales, Kogarah, Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christopher Baker
- Department of Dermatology, St Vincents Hospital, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
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Stratigos AJ, Garbe C, Dessinioti C, Lebbe C, van Akkooi A, Bataille V, Bastholt L, Dreno B, Dummer R, Fargnoli MC, Forsea AM, Harwood CA, Hauschild A, Hoeller C, Kandolf-Sekulovic L, Kaufmann R, Kelleners-Smeets NW, Lallas A, Leiter U, Malvehy J, Del Marmol V, Moreno-Ramirez D, Pellacani G, Peris K, Saiag P, Tagliaferri L, Trakatelli M, Ioannides D, Vieira R, Zalaudek I, Arenberger P, Eggermont AMM, Röcken M, Grob JJ, Lorigan P. European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline for invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Part 1: Diagnostics and prevention-Update 2023. Eur J Cancer 2023; 193:113251. [PMID: 37717283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common cancers in white populations, accounting for 20% of all cutaneous malignancies. Overall, cSCC mostly has very good prognosis after treatment, with 5-year cure rates greater than 90%. Despite the overall favourable prognosis and the proportionally rare deaths, cSCC is associated with a high total number of deaths due to its high incidence. A collaboration of multidisciplinary experts from the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO), the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS), the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) and the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), was formed to update recommendations on cSCC, based on current literature and expert consensus. Part 1 of the guidelines addresses the updates on classification, epidemiology, diagnosis, risk stratification, staging and prevention in immunocompetent as well as immunosuppressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Stratigos
- First Department of Dermatology-Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - Claus Garbe
- Centre for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Clio Dessinioti
- First Department of Dermatology-Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Celeste Lebbe
- Université Paris Cite, Dermato-Oncology AP-HP Hôpital Saint Louis, Cancer Institute APHP. Nord-Université Paris Cite, INSERM U976, Paris, France
| | - Alexander van Akkooi
- Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Lars Bastholt
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Brigitte Dreno
- Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT, UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Skin Cancer Centre at University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Concetta Fargnoli
- Dermatology Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Ana Maria Forsea
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Department of Oncologic Dermatology, Elias University Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catherine A Harwood
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Axel Hauschild
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Hoeller
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Roland Kaufmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nicole Wj Kelleners-Smeets
- GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Aimilios Lallas
- First Department of Dermatology, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ulrike Leiter
- Centre for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Dermatology Department of Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto Carlos III, Barcelona Spain
| | - Veronique Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Moreno-Ramirez
- Department of Medical and Surgical Dermatology Service, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Ketty Peris
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Addominali ed Endocrino Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dermatologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Philippe Saiag
- Department of General and Oncologic Dermatology, Ambroise-Paré hospital, APHP, and EA 4340 'Biomarkers in Cancerology and Hemato-oncology', UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Luca Tagliaferri
- UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Myrto Trakatelli
- Department of Dermatology, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University Department of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Ricardo Vieira
- Department of Dermatology Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Iris Zalaudek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Petr Arenberger
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander M M Eggermont
- University Medical Center Utrecht and Princess Máxima Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich, Technical University Munich and Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Röcken
- Centre for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Paul Lorigan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Department of Medical Oncology, Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Haasler L, von Montfort C, Kondadi AK, Golombek M, Ebbert L, Wenzel CK, Stahl W, Reichert AS, Brenneisen P. Involvement of necroptosis in the selective toxicity of the natural compound (±) gossypol on squamous skin cancer cells in vitro. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1997-2014. [PMID: 37210688 PMCID: PMC10256661 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03516-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous basal and squamous cell carcinoma reflect the first and second most common type of non-melanoma skin cancer, respectively. Especially cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma has the tendency to metastasize, finally resulting in a rather poor prognosis. Therapeutic options comprise surgery, radiation therapy, and a systemic or targeted chemotherapy. There are some good treatment results, but overall, the response rate of newly developed drugs is still modest. Drug repurposing represents an alternative approach where already available and clinically approved substances are used, which originally intended for other clinical benefits. In this context, we tested the effect of the naturally occurring polyphenolic aldehyde (±) gossypol with concentrations between 1 and 5 µM on the invasive squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCL-1 and normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Gossypol treatment up to 96 h resulted in a selective cytotoxicity of SCL-1 cells (IC50: 1.7 µM, 96 h) compared with normal keratinocytes (IC50: ≥ 5.4 µM, 96 h) which is mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction and finally leading to necroptotic cell death. Taken together, gossypol shows a high potential as an alternative anticancer drug for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Haasler
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claudia von Montfort
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arun Kumar Kondadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mathias Golombek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lara Ebbert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Chantal-Kristin Wenzel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Stahl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Brenneisen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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7
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Recent Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Melanoma and Other Skin Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061824. [PMID: 36980709 PMCID: PMC10046835 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In this Special Issue, the reader will find nine papers regarding recent progress in diagnosis and treatment to optimize the clinical management of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer [...]
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