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Olotu O, Koskenniemi AR, Ma L, Paramonov V, Laasanen S, Louramo E, Bourgery M, Lehtiniemi T, Laasanen S, Rivero-Müller A, Löyttyniemi E, Sahlgren C, Westermarck J, Ventelä S, Visakorpi T, Poutanen M, Vainio P, Mäkelä JA, Kotaja N. Germline-specific RNA helicase DDX4 forms cytoplasmic granules in cancer cells and promotes tumor growth. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114430. [PMID: 38963760 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo major epigenetic alterations and transcriptomic changes, including ectopic expression of tissue- and cell-type-specific genes. Here, we show that the germline-specific RNA helicase DDX4 forms germ-granule-like cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules in various human tumors, but not in cultured cancer cells. These cancerous DDX4 complexes contain RNA-binding proteins and splicing regulators, including many known germ granule components. The deletion of DDX4 in cancer cells induces transcriptomic changes and affects the alternative splicing landscape of a number of genes involved in cancer growth and invasiveness, leading to compromised capability of DDX4-null cancer cells to form xenograft tumors in immunocompromised mice. Importantly, the occurrence of DDX4 granules is associated with poor survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and higher histological grade of prostate cancer. Taken together, these results show that the germ-granule-resembling cancerous DDX4 granules control gene expression and promote malignant and invasive properties of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeyemi Olotu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Anna-Riina Koskenniemi
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory Division, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Lin Ma
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Valeriy Paramonov
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Sini Laasanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Elina Louramo
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Matthieu Bourgery
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tiina Lehtiniemi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Samuli Laasanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Adolfo Rivero-Müller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Cecilia Sahlgren
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Westermarck
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Sami Ventelä
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; Department for Otorhinolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tapio Visakorpi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; FICAN West Cancer Center, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Paula Vainio
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory Division, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Juho-Antti Mäkelä
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Noora Kotaja
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.
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Waheed Y, Mojumdar A, Shafiq M, de Marco A, De March M. The fork remodeler helicase-like transcription factor in cancer development: all at once. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167280. [PMID: 38851303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The Helicase-like Transcription Factor (HLTF) is a member of the SNF2-family of fork remodelers, primarily studied for its capacity to provide DNA Damage Tolerance (DDT) and to induce replication fork reversal (RFR). HLTF is recruited at stalled forks where both its ATPase motor and HIP116 Rad5p N-terminal (HIRAN) domains are necessary for regulating its interaction with DNA. HIRAN bestows specificity to ssDNA 3'-end and imparts branch migration as well as DNA remodeling capabilities facilitating damage repair. Both expression regulation and mutation rate affect HLTF activity. Gene hypermethylation induces loss of HLTF function, in particular in colorectal cancer (CRC), implying a tumour suppressor role. Surprisingly, a correlation between hypermethylation and HLTF mRNA upregulation has also been observed, even within the same cancer type. In many cancers, both complex mutation patterns and the presence of gene Copy Number Variations (CNVs) have been reported. These conditions affect the amount of functional HLTF and question the physiological role of this fork remodeler. This review offers a systematic collection of the presently strewed information regarding HLTF, its structural and functional characteristics, the multiple roles in DDT and the regulation in cancer progression highlighting new research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yossma Waheed
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipaska Cesta 13, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia; National Institute of Science and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan
| | - Aditya Mojumdar
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Victoria, Canada
| | - Mohammad Shafiq
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipaska Cesta 13, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Ario de Marco
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipaska Cesta 13, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Matteo De March
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipaska Cesta 13, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia.
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Seo Y, Rhim J, Kim JH. RNA-binding proteins and exoribonucleases modulating miRNA in cancer: the enemy within. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1080-1106. [PMID: 38689093 PMCID: PMC11148060 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in the investigation of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis and the miRNA processing machinery has revealed previously unknown roles of posttranscriptional regulation in gene expression. The molecular mechanistic interplay between miRNAs and their regulatory factors, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and exoribonucleases, has been revealed to play a critical role in tumorigenesis. Moreover, recent studies have shown that the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-causing hepatitis C virus (HCV) is also characterized by close crosstalk of a multitude of host RBPs and exoribonucleases with miR-122 and its RNA genome, suggesting the importance of the mechanistic interplay among these factors during the proliferation of HCV. This review primarily aims to comprehensively describe the well-established roles and discuss the recently discovered understanding of miRNA regulators, RBPs and exoribonucleases, in relation to various cancers and the proliferation of a representative cancer-causing RNA virus, HCV. These have also opened the door to the emerging potential for treating cancers as well as HCV infection by targeting miRNAs or their respective cellular modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoona Seo
- Cancer Molecular Biology Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
| | - Jiho Rhim
- Cancer Molecular Biology Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
| | - Jong Heon Kim
- Cancer Molecular Biology Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea.
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea.
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Xu P, Liu K, Huang S, Lv J, Yan Z, Ge H, Cheng Q, Chen Z, Ji P, Qian Y, Li B, Xu H, Yang L, Xu Z, Zhang D. N 6-methyladenosine-modified MIB1 promotes stemness properties and peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer cells by ubiquitinating DDX3X. Gastric Cancer 2024; 27:275-291. [PMID: 38252226 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-023-01463-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal metastasis (PM), one of the most typical forms of metastasis in advanced gastric cancer (GC), indicates a poor prognosis. Exploring the potential molecular mechanism of PM is urgently necessary, as it has not been well studied. E3 ubiquitin ligase has been widely established to exert a biological function in various cancers, but its mechanism of action in GC with PM remains unknown. METHODS The effect of MIB1 on PM of GC was confirmed in vitro and in vivo. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and mass spectrometry demonstrated the association between MIB1 and DDX3X. Western blot, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence determined that DDX3X was ubiquitylated by MIB1 and promoted stemness. We further confirmed that METTL3 promoted the up-regulation of MIB1 by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), luciferase reporter assay and other experiments. RESULTS We observed that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Mind bomb 1 (MIB1) was highly expressed in PMs, and patients with PM with high MIB1 expression showed a worse prognosis than those with low MIB1 expression. Mechanistically, our study demonstrated that the E3 ubiquitin ligase MIB1 promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression and stemness in GC cells by degrading DDX3X. In addition, METTL3 mediated m6A modification to stabilize MIB1, which required the m6A reader IGF2BP2. CONCLUSIONS Our study elucidated the specific molecular mechanism by which MIB1 promotes PM of GC, and suggested that targeting the METTL3-MIB1-DDX3X axis may be a promising therapeutic strategy for GC with PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kanghui Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shansong Huang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jialun Lv
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengyuan Yan
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Nanjing, 211200, China
| | - Han Ge
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zetian Chen
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peicheng Ji
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yawei Qian
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zekuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Diancai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Liu Q, Sun Y, Long M, Chen X, Zhong S, Huang C, Wei R, Luo JL. DDX5 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Tongue Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5882. [PMID: 38136426 PMCID: PMC10741615 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
DEAD-box polypeptide 5 (DDX5), a DEAD-box RNA helicase, is a multifunctional protein that plays important roles in many physiological and pathological processes. Contrary to its documented oncogenic role in a wide array of cancers, we herein demonstrate that DDX5 serves as a tumor suppressor in tongue cancer. The high expression of DDX5 is correlated with better prognosis for clinical tongue cancer patients. DDX5 downregulates the genes associated with tongue cancer progression. The knockdown of DDX5 promotes, while the overexpression of DDX5 inhibits, tongue cancer proliferation, development, and cisplatin resistance. Furthermore, the expression of DDX5 in tongue cancer is associated with immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, the expression of DDX5 is associated with the reduced infiltration of M2 macrophages and increased infiltration of T cell clusters, which may contribute to anticancer effects in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we establish DDX5 as a valuable prognostic biomarker and an important tumor suppressor in tongue cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (X.C.)
| | - Yangqing Sun
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (X.C.)
| | - Min Long
- The Cancer Research Institute and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (M.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Xueyan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (X.C.)
| | - Shangwei Zhong
- The Cancer Research Institute and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (M.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Changhao Huang
- The Organ Transplant Center, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410000, China;
| | - Rui Wei
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (X.C.)
| | - Jun-Li Luo
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (X.C.)
- The Cancer Research Institute and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (M.L.); (S.Z.)
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha 410008, China
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Li F, Ling X, Chakraborty S, Fountzilas C, Wang J, Jamroze A, Liu X, Kalinski P, Tang DG. Role of the DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX5 (p68) in cancer DNA repair, immune suppression, cancer metabolic control, virus infection promotion, and human microbiome (microbiota) negative influence. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:213. [PMID: 37596619 PMCID: PMC10439624 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02787-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence indicating the significant role of DDX5 (also called p68), acting as a master regulator and a potential biomarker and target, in tumorigenesis, proliferation, metastasis and treatment resistance for cancer therapy. However, DDX5 has also been reported to act as an oncosuppressor. These seemingly contradictory observations can be reconciled by DDX5's role in DNA repair. This is because cancer cell apoptosis and malignant transformation can represent the two possible outcomes of a single process regulated by DDX5, reflecting different intensity of DNA damage. Thus, targeting DDX5 could potentially shift cancer cells from a growth-arrested state (necessary for DNA repair) to apoptosis and cell killing. In addition to the increasingly recognized role of DDX5 in global genome stability surveillance and DNA damage repair, DDX5 has been implicated in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways. DDX5 appears to utilize distinct signaling cascades via interactions with unique proteins in different types of tissues/cells to elicit opposing roles (e.g., smooth muscle cells versus cancer cells). Such unique features make DDX5 an intriguing therapeutic target for the treatment of human cancers, with limited low toxicity to normal tissues. In this review, we discuss the multifaceted functions of DDX5 in DNA repair in cancer, immune suppression, oncogenic metabolic rewiring, virus infection promotion, and negative impact on the human microbiome (microbiota). We also provide new data showing that FL118, a molecular glue DDX5 degrader, selectively works against current treatment-resistant prostate cancer organoids/cells. Altogether, current studies demonstrate that DDX5 may represent a unique oncotarget for effectively conquering cancer with minimal toxicity to normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
- Program of Developmental Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
| | - Xiang Ling
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Canget BioTekpharma LLC, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Sayan Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Program of Developmental Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Christos Fountzilas
- Program of Developmental Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics & Biostatistics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Anmbreen Jamroze
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Xiaozhuo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Pawel Kalinski
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Program of Tumor Immunology & Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Dean G Tang
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Program of Developmental Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
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Wery M, Szachnowski U, Andjus S, de Andres-Pablo A, Morillon A. The RNA helicases Dbp2 and Mtr4 regulate the expression of Xrn1-sensitive long non-coding RNAs in yeast. FRONTIERS IN RNA RESEARCH 2023; 1:1244554. [PMID: 37667796 PMCID: PMC7615016 DOI: 10.3389/frnar.2023.1244554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The expression of yeast long non-coding (lnc)RNAs is restricted by RNA surveillance machineries, including the cytoplasmic 5'-3' exonuclease Xrn1 which targets a conserved family of lncRNAs defined as XUTs, and that are mainly antisense to protein-coding genes. However, the co-factors involved in the degradation of these transcripts and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we show that two RNA helicases, Dbp2 and Mtr4, act as global regulators of XUTs expression. Using RNA-Seq, we found that most of them accumulate upon Dbp2 inactivation or Mtr4 depletion. Mutants of the cytoplasmic RNA helicases Ecm32, Ski2, Slh1, Dbp1, and Dhh1 did not recapitulate this global stabilization of XUTs, suggesting that XUTs decay is specifically controlled by Dbp2 and Mtr4. Notably, Dbp2 and Mtr4 affect XUTs independently of their configuration relative to their paired-sense mRNAs. Finally, we show that the effect of Dbp2 on XUTs depends on a cytoplasmic localization. Overall, our data indicate that Dbp2 and Mtr4 are global regulators of lncRNAs expression and contribute to shape the non-coding transcriptome together with RNA decay machineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Wery
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, Institut Curie, Sorbonne
Université, CNRS UMR3244, Paris Cedex, France
| | - Ugo Szachnowski
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, Institut Curie, Sorbonne
Université, CNRS UMR3244, Paris Cedex, France
| | - Sara Andjus
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, Institut Curie, PSL
University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR3244, Paris Cedex, France
| | - Alvaro de Andres-Pablo
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, Institut Curie, Sorbonne
Université, CNRS UMR3244, Paris Cedex, France
| | - Antonin Morillon
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, Institut Curie, Sorbonne
Université, CNRS UMR3244, Paris Cedex, France
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8
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Lacroix M, Beauchemin H, Khandanpour C, Möröy T. The RNA helicase DDX3 and its role in c-MYC driven germinal center-derived B-cell lymphoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1148936. [PMID: 37035206 PMCID: PMC10081492 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1148936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
DDX3X is an RNA helicase with many functions in RNA metabolism such as mRNA translation, alternative pre-mRNA splicing and mRNA stability, but also plays a role as a regulator of transcription as well as in the Wnt/beta-catenin- and Nf-κB signaling pathways. The gene encoding DDX3X is located on the X-chromosome, but escapes X-inactivation. Hence females have two active copies and males only one. However, the Y chromosome contains the gene for the male DDX3 homologue, called DDX3Y, which has a very high sequence similarity and functional redundancy with DDX3X, but shows a more restricted protein expression pattern than DDX3X. High throughput sequencing of germinal center (GC)-derived B-cell malignancies such as Burkitt Lymphoma (BL) and Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) samples showed a high frequency of loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in the DDX3X gene revealing several features that distinguish this gene from others. First, DDX3X mutations occur with high frequency particularly in those GC-derived B-cell lymphomas that also show translocations of the c-MYC proto-oncogene, which occurs in almost all BL and a subset of DLBCL. Second, DDX3X LOF mutations occur almost exclusively in males and is very rarely found in females. Third, mutations in the male homologue DDX3Y have never been found in any type of malignancy. Studies with human primary GC B cells from male donors showed that a loss of DDX3X function helps the initial process of B-cell lymphomagenesis by buffering the proteotoxic stress induced by c-MYC activation. However, full lymphomagenesis requires DDX3 activity since an upregulation of DDX3Y expression is invariably found in GC derived B-cell lymphoma with DDX3X LOF mutation. Other studies with male transgenic mice that lack Ddx3x, but constitutively express activated c-Myc transgenes in B cells and are therefore prone to develop B-cell malignancies, also showed upregulation of the DDX3Y protein expression during the process of lymphomagenesis. Since DDX3Y is not expressed in normal human cells, these data suggest that DDX3Y may represent a new cancer cell specific target to develop adjuvant therapies for male patients with BL and DLBCL and LOF mutations in the DDX3X gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Lacroix
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, IRCM, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hugues Beauchemin
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, IRCM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Cyrus Khandanpour
- Klinik für Hämatologie und Onkologie, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, University Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- *Correspondence: Tarik Möröy, ; Cyrus Khandanpour,
| | - Tarik Möröy
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, IRCM, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Tarik Möröy, ; Cyrus Khandanpour,
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9
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Wu K, Tsai Y, Huang Y, Wu Y, Chang C, Liu Y, Hsu Y, Hung J. LINC02323 facilitates development of lung squamous cell carcinoma by miRNA sponge and RBP dysregulation and links to poor prognosis. Thorac Cancer 2022; 14:407-418. [PMID: 36516959 PMCID: PMC9891863 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The poor outcome of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) highlights the importance of the identification of novel effective prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have generally been considered to serve important roles in tumorigenesis and the development of various types of cancer, including LUSC. METHODS Here, we aimed to investigate the role of LINC02323 in LUSC and its potential mechanisms by performing comprehensive bioinformatic analyses. RESULTS LINC02323 was elevated and positively associated with unfavorable prognosis of LUSC patients. LINC02323 exerted oncogenic function by competitively binding to miR-1343-3p and miR-6783-3p, thereby upregulating L1CAM expression. Indeed, we also determined that LINC02323 could interact with the RNA-binding protein DDX3X, which regulates various stages of RNA expression and processing. CONCLUSION Taken together, we identified that LINC02323 and its indirect target L1CAM can act as novel biomarkers for determining the prognosis of patients with LUSC and thus deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan‐Li Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineKaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan,Drug Development and Value Creation Research CenterKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Ying‐Ming Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineKaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan,Drug Development and Value Creation Research CenterKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Yung‐Chi Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan,Drug Development and Value Creation Research CenterKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Yuan Wu
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Chao‐Yuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan,Department of AnatomyKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Wei Liu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Ya‐Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan,Drug Development and Value Creation Research CenterKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Jen‐Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineKaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan,Drug Development and Value Creation Research CenterKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan,Department of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Municipal Ta‐Tung HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
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10
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Privileged Scaffold Decoration for the Identification of the First Trisubstituted Triazine with Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248829. [PMID: 36557962 PMCID: PMC9782877 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Current therapy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are based on the use of Remdesivir 1, Molnupiravir 2, and the recently identified Nirmatrelvir 3. Unfortunately, these three drugs showed some limitations regarding potency and possible drug-drug interactions. A series of derivatives coming from a decoration approach of the privileged scaffold s-triazines were synthesized and evaluated against SAR-CoV-2. One derivative emerged as the hit of the series for its micromolar antiviral activity and low cytotoxicity. Mode of action and pharmacokinetic in vitro preliminary studies further confirm the role as candidates for a future optimization campaign of the most active derivative identified with this work.
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