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Yang FF, Zhao TT, Milaneh S, Zhang C, Xiang DJ, Wang WL. Small molecule targeted therapies for endometrial cancer: progress, challenges, and opportunities. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1828-1848. [PMID: 38911148 PMCID: PMC11187550 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00089g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common malignancy among women worldwide, and its recurrence makes it a common cause of cancer-related death. Surgery and external radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination of strategies are the cornerstone of therapy for EC patients. However, adjuvant treatment strategies face certain drawbacks, such as resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs; therefore, it is imperative to explore innovative therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis of EC. With the development of pathology and pathophysiology, several biological targets associated with EC have been identified, including PI3K/Akt/mTOR, PARP, GSK-3β, STAT-3, and VEGF. In this review, we summarize the progress of small molecule targeted therapies in terms of both basic research and clinical trials and provide cases of small molecules combined with fluorescence properties in the clinical applications of integrated diagnosis and treatment. We hope that this review will facilitate the further understanding of the regulatory mechanism governing the dysregulation of oncogenic signaling in EC and provide insights into the possible future directions of targeted therapeutic regimens for EC treatment by developing new agents with fluorescence properties for the clinical applications of integrated diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Yang
- Yixing People's Hospital Yixing Jiangsu 214200 China
| | - Tian-Tian Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Slieman Milaneh
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Industries, Higher Institute of Applied Science and Technology Damascus Syria
| | - Chun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Da-Jun Xiang
- Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City Wuxi Jiangsu 214105 China
| | - Wen-Long Wang
- Yixing People's Hospital Yixing Jiangsu 214200 China
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
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Paraghamian SE, Qiu J, Hawkins GM, Zhao Z, Sun W, Fan Y, Zhang X, Suo H, Hao T, Prabhu VV, Allen JE, Zhou C, Bae-Jump V. A novel dopamine receptor D2 antagonist (ONC206) potentiates the effects of olaparib in endometrial cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2202104. [PMID: 37069726 PMCID: PMC10115124 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2202104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are effective therapies for cancer patients with homologous recombination (HR) deficient tumors. The imipridone ONC206 is an orally bioavailable dopamine receptor D2 antagonist and mitochondrial protease ClpP agonist that has anti-tumorigenic effects in endometrial cancer via induction of apoptosis, activation of the integrated stress response and modulation of PI3K/AKT signaling. Both PARP inhibitors and imipridones are being evaluated in endometrial cancer clinical trials but have yet to be explored in combination. In this manuscript, we evaluated the effects of the PARP inhibitor olaparib in combination with ONC206 in human endometrioid endometrial cancer cell lines and in a genetically engineered mouse model of endometrial cancer. Our results showed that simultaneous exposure of endometrial cancer cells to olaparib and ONC206 resulted in synergistic anti-proliferative effects and increased cellular stress and apoptosis in both cell lines, compared to either drug alone. The combination treatment also decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and reduced phosphorylation of AKT and S6, with greater effects compared to either drug alone. In the transgenic model of endometrial cancer, the combination of olaparib and ONC206 resulted in a more significant reduction in tumor weight in obese and lean mice compared to ONC206 alone or olaparib alone, together with a considerably decreased Ki-67 and enhanced H2AX expression in obese and lean mice. These results suggest that this novel dual therapy may be worthy of further exploration in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Paraghamian
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jianqing Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gabrielle M. Hawkins
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenchuan Sun
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yali Fan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Suo
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianran Hao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Chunxiao Zhou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Victoria Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Maiorano BA, Conteduca V, Catalano M, Antonuzzo L, Maiello E, De Giorgi U, Roviello G. Personalized medicine for metastatic prostate cancer: The paradigm of PARP inhibitors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 192:104157. [PMID: 37863403 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite remarkable progress in the last decade, metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) remains incurable. The approval of PARP inhibitors (PARPis) represents a milestone in this field, which definitively enters the era of precision medicine, as mPCa is often enriched for defects of homologous recombination repair genes. PARPis are now used as single agents for patients with metastatic castration-resistant PCa. Moreover, combinations of PARPis plus androgen-receptor targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors, and earlier applications of PARPis in the metastatic hormone-sensitive PCa are under evaluation, representing the possible upcoming applications of these agents. Mechanisms of sensitization and resistance have been only partially elucidated. In our review, we summarize the current clinical evidence regarding PARPis in mPCa and the future directions of these targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigida Anna Maiorano
- Oncology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.
| | - Vincenza Conteduca
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Medical Oncology and Biomolecular Therapy, University of Foggia, Policlinico Riuniti, Foggia, Italy
| | - Martina Catalano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Antonuzzo
- Clinical Oncology Unit, and Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy, and Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Evaristo Maiello
- Oncology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
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Zhang Z, Diao L, Zhang C, Wang F, Guan X, Yao X. Use of PARP inhibitors in prostate cancer: from specific to broader application. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1164067. [PMID: 37152924 PMCID: PMC10162014 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1164067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the major health issues of elderly men in the word. It is showed that there were approximately 1.414 million patients with PC in 2020 worldwide, with a high mortality rate in metastatic cases. In the present choices of treatment in PC, androgen deprivation therapy has long been as a backbone of them. But the clinical outcomes of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) were not ideal because of their poor prognosis, more effective therapeutic approaches are still necessary to further improve this problem. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors lead to the single-strand DNA breaks and/or double-strand DNA breaks, and result in synthetic lethality in cancer cells with impaired homologous recombination genes. It is estimated that approximately 20~25% of patients with mCRPC have a somatic or germinal DNA damage repair gene mutation. Furthermore, in "BRCAness" cases, which has been used to describe as tumors that have not arisen from a germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, there were also a number of studies sought to extend these promising results of PARP inhibitors. It is worth noting that an interaction between androgen receptor signaling and synthetic lethality with PARP inhibitors has been proposed. In this review, we discussed the mechanism of action and clinical research of PARP inhibitors, which may benefit population from "specific" to the "all-comer" in patients with PC when combined with novel hormonal therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenting Zhang
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Diao
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- PBG China Medical, Pfizer Inc, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Guan
- PBG China Medical, Pfizer Inc, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Yao
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Yao,
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