1
|
De los Santos-Jiménez J, Campos-Sandoval JA, Alonso FJ, Márquez J, Matés JM. GLS and GLS2 Glutaminase Isoenzymes in the Antioxidant System of Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:745. [PMID: 38929183 PMCID: PMC11200642 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A pathway frequently altered in cancer is glutaminolysis, whereby glutaminase (GA) catalyzes the main step as follows: the deamidation of glutamine to form glutamate and ammonium. There are two types of GA isozymes, named GLS and GLS2, which differ considerably in their expression patterns and can even perform opposing roles in cancer. GLS correlates with tumor growth and proliferation, while GLS2 can function as a context-dependent tumor suppressor. However, both isoenzymes have been described as essential molecules handling oxidant stress because of their involvement in glutathione production. We reviewed the literature to highlight the critical roles of GLS and GLS2 in restraining ROS and regulating both cellular signaling and metabolic stress due to their function as indirect antioxidant enzymes, as well as by modulating both reductive carboxylation and ferroptosis. Blocking GA activity appears to be a potential strategy in the dual activation of ferroptosis and inhibition of cancer cell growth in a ROS-mediated mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan De los Santos-Jiménez
- Canceromics Lab, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (J.D.l.S.-J.); (J.A.C.-S.); (F.J.A.); (J.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - José A. Campos-Sandoval
- Canceromics Lab, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (J.D.l.S.-J.); (J.A.C.-S.); (F.J.A.); (J.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Alonso
- Canceromics Lab, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (J.D.l.S.-J.); (J.A.C.-S.); (F.J.A.); (J.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Javier Márquez
- Canceromics Lab, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (J.D.l.S.-J.); (J.A.C.-S.); (F.J.A.); (J.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - José M. Matés
- Canceromics Lab, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (J.D.l.S.-J.); (J.A.C.-S.); (F.J.A.); (J.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
He Q, Yu T, Chen J, Liang J, Lin D, Yan K, Xie Z, Song Y, Chen Z. Enhancement of de novo lipogenesis by the IDH1 and IDH2-dependent reverse TCA cycle maintains the growth and angiogenic capacity of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells under hypoxia. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:327-342. [PMID: 38281628 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a dynamic role in maintaining the structure and function of blood vessels. But how these cells maintain their growth and angiogenic capacity under bone marrow hypoxic niche is still unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanisms from a perspective of cellular metabolism. METHODS XFe96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer was used to analyze the metabolic status of EPCs. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to trace the carbon movement of 13C-labeled glucose and glutamine under 1 % O2 (hypoxia) and ∼20 % O2 (normoxia). Moreover, RNA interference, targeting isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) and IDH2, was used to inhibit the reverse tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and analyze metabolic changes via isotope tracing as well as changes in cell growth and angiogenic potential under hypoxia. The therapeutic potential of EPCs under hypoxia was investigated in the ischemic hindlimb model. RESULTS Compared with normoxic cells, hypoxic cells showed increased glycolysis and decreased mitochondrial respiration. Isotope metabolic tracing revealed that under hypoxia, the forward TCA cycle was decreased and the reverse TCA cycle was enhanced, mediating the conversion of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) into isocitrate/citrate, and de novo lipid synthesis was promoted. Downregulation of IDH1 or IDH2 under hypoxia suppressed the reverse TCA cycle, attenuated de novo lipid synthesis (DNL), elevated α-KG levels, and decreased the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), eventually inhibiting the growth and angiogenic capacity of EPCs. Importantly, the transplantation of hypoxia-cultured EPCs in a mouse model of limb ischemia promoted new blood vessel regeneration and blood supply recovery in the ischemic area better than the transplantation of normoxia-cultured EPCs. CONCLUSIONS Under hypoxia, the IDH1- and IDH2-mediated reverse TCA cycle promotes glutamine-derived de novo lipogenesis and stabilizes the expression of α-KG and HIF-1α, thereby enhancing the growth and angiogenic capacity of EPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei He
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Tiantian Yu
- Metabolic Innovation Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxiong Chen
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Jianli Liang
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Dongni Lin
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Kaihao Yan
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Zijing Xie
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yuqi Song
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Zhenzhou Chen
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Park G, Jin Z, Ge Q, Pan Y, Du J. Neuronal acid-sensing ion channel 1a regulates neuron-to-glioma synapses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.31.555794. [PMID: 37693494 PMCID: PMC10491214 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.31.555794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal activity promotes high-grade glioma progression via secreted proteins and neuron-to-glioma synapses, and glioma cells boost neuronal activity to further reinforce the malignant cycle. Whereas strong evidence supports that the activity of neuron-to-glioma synapses accelerates tumor progression, the molecular mechanisms that modulate the formation and function of neuron-to-glioma synapses remain largely unknown. Our recent findings suggest that a proton (H + ) signaling pathway actively mediates neuron-to-glioma synaptic communications by activating neuronal acid-sensing ion channel 1a (Asic1a), a predominant H + receptor in the central nervous system (CNS). Supporting this idea, our preliminary data revealed that local acid puff on neurons in high-grade glioma-bearing brain slices induces postsynaptic currents of glioma cells. Stimulating Asic1a knockout (Asic1a -/- ) neurons results in lower AMPA receptor-dependent excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in glioma cells than stimulating wild-type (WT) neurons. Moreover, glioma-bearing Asic1a -/- mice exhibited reduced tumor size and survived longer than the glioma-bearing WT mice. Finally, pharmacologically targeting brain Asic1a inhibited high-grade glioma progression. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the neuronal H + -Asic1a axis plays a key role in regulating the neuron-glioma synapse. The outcomes of this study will greatly expand our understanding of how this deadly tumor integrates into the neuronal microenvironment.
Collapse
|