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Wahab MRA, Palaniyandi T, Thamada S, Viswanathan S, Baskar G, Surendran H, Baraneedharan P, Kannan J, Ravi M, Rajinikanth S, El-Tayeb MA, Syed S. Assessment of genome mutation analysis for tumor-informed detection of circulating tumor DNA in patients with breast cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 561:119818. [PMID: 38879066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer, one of the most aggressive types of cancer, poses significant challenges for diagnosis and treatment. Emerging as a promising biomarker, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can be used to identify and monitor disease risk. This study sought to examine the impact of mutations in various genes on the progression of breast cancer. Genetic variants associated with breast cancer have been examined in individuals diagnosed with the disease worldwide. METHODS Fifty female participants underwent breast cancer testing. Sanger sequencing was used to analyze peripheral blood DNA from these individuals to detect disease-causing mutations in the BRCA1, BRCA2, PTEN, TP53, and ATM genes. Genetic alterations linked to breast cancer were screened and the findings were compared with those of tumor genes. RESULTS The development of hereditary/early onset breast cancer in this study was significantly associated with mutations in ATM, PTEN, TP53, and BRCA1/BRCA2, according to the analysis of sequencing data. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the feasibility of analyzing ctDNA in patients with breast cancer (BC) undergoing palliative treatment using an SS-based technique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai-600095, India; Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai-602105, India.
| | - Swarnakala Thamada
- Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Zoological Survey of India, Andaman & Nicobar Regional Centre, Port Blair 744 102, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - Sandhiya Viswanathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai-600095, India
| | - Gomathy Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai-600095, India
| | - Hemapreethi Surendran
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai-600095, India
| | - P Baraneedharan
- Centre for Photonics and Nanotechnology Research, Electronic and Communications Engineering, Saveetha Engineering College, Thandalam, Chennai-602105, India
| | - J Kannan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Madras Medical College, R. G. G. G. H., Chennai-600003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Maddaly Ravi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai- 600 116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suba Rajinikanth
- Department of Paediatrics, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Chennai-600095, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohamed A El-Tayeb
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh -11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaban Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh -11451, Saudi Arabia
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Cuppens K, Du Pont B, Knegjens J, Maes B, Baas P. Immune checkpoint inhibition in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2024; 193:107855. [PMID: 38896941 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2024.107855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors significantly advanced outcomes in both metastatic and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Despite these advancements, the 5-year survival rate remains suboptimal. Even in early-stage disease a significant portion of patients relapse and die from metastatic progression. The integration of immunotherapy in the management of early-stage NSCLC demonstrated promising results, supported by a plethora of positive clinical trials conducted in recent years. Nonetheless, numerous questions persist. In this manuscript we comprehensively review the currently available data on adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and perioperative treatment strategies. We also address the challenges inherent to these approaches from different stakeholders' perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Cuppens
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology and Jessa & Science, Jessa Hospital Hasselt, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, LCRC, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute and Leiden University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Bert Du Pont
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Jessa Hospital Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Joost Knegjens
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Brigitte Maes
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, LCRC, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jessa Hospital Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Paul Baas
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute and Leiden University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Tsai CM, Lin CH, Chou YY, Jen HY, Jain S. Clinical Applications of Comprehensive Genomic Profiling in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer-A Case Series. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:3161-3176. [PMID: 38920723 PMCID: PMC11202974 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31060239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be treated with novel targeted therapies that are tailored to the genetic characteristics of malignancy. While tissue-based genomic testing is considered the gold standard for the detection of oncogenic driver mutations, several challenges like inadequate tissue availability, the invasiveness of procuring tumors, and prolonged turnaround time of analysis are encountered. Considering these limitations, guidelines have recognized liquid biopsies using circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a useful tool to complement conventional tissue testing. Even though cfDNA next-generation sequencing (NGS) can have high sensitivity and specificity, optimal patient benefit requires the interpretation of the molecular profiling results in the context of clinical and diagnostic features to achieve the best outcomes. CASE DESCRIPTIONS In this case series, we present six patients with advanced NSCLC whose plasma or tissue biopsy samples were analyzed with commercially available comprehensive NGS assays that elucidate the role of testing at various time points in the treatment journey. In all six cases, comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) provided clinically useful information to guide treatment decisions. CONCLUSION Adding to the existing real-world evidence, this case series reinforces that CGP-driven treatment strategies in advanced NSCLC, coupled with other available clinical information, can optimize treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ming Tsai
- Department of Chest Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei City 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (Y.-Y.C.)
- Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans’ General Hospital, Taipei City 112, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Lin
- Department of Chest Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei City 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (Y.-Y.C.)
| | - Yu-Yen Chou
- Department of Chest Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei City 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (Y.-Y.C.)
| | - Hsiao-Yu Jen
- Department of Medical Affairs, Guardant Health AMEA, Singapore 138543, Singapore
| | - Suyog Jain
- Department of Medical Affairs, Guardant Health AMEA, Singapore 138543, Singapore
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Li L, Jiang H, Zeng B, Wang X, Bao Y, Chen C, Ma L, Yuan J. Liquid biopsy in lung cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 554:117757. [PMID: 38184141 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy worldwide and the primary cause of mortality. The absence of systematic and standardized diagnostic approaches for identifying potential pulmonary nodules, early-stage cancers, and indeterminate tumors has led clinicians to consider tissue biopsy and pathological sections as the preferred method for clinical diagnosis, often regarded as the gold standard. The conventional tissue biopsy is an invasive procedure that does not adequately capture the diverse characteristics and evolving nature of tumors. Recently, the concept of 'liquid biopsy' has gained considerable attention as a promising solution. Liquid biopsy is a non-invasive approach that facilitates repeated analysis, enabling real-time monitoring of tumor recurrence, metastasis, and response to treatment. Currently, liquid biopsy includes circulating tumor cells, circulating cell-free DNA, circulating tumor DNA, circulating cell-free RNA, extracellular vesicles, and other proteins and metabolites. With rapid progress in molecular technology, liquid biopsy has emerged as a highly promising and intriguing approach, yielding compelling results. This article critically examines the significant role and potential clinical implications of liquid biopsy in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Haixia Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Bingjie Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xianzhao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yunxia Bao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Changqiang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Jin Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China, Shanghai 200030, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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